1,721,004 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Étude des déterminismes génétiques de l'alternance de production chez le pommier
No full textL'alternance de production est définie comme la charge en fruit d'un arbre irrégulière sur plusieurs années consécutives. La principale hypothèse en soulignant l'alternance est que la charge en fruits d'une année en cours inhibe la formation de fleurs pour l'année suivante. Ce phénomène génère d'importants problèmes agronomiques pour les espèces fruitières comme le pommier, en réduisant la production de fruits au cours des années 'OFF' et la qualité des fruits au cours des années 'ON', tout en augmentant les coûts de gestion des vergers, en particulier pour l'éclaircissage des fruits. Une stratégie pour atténuer l'alternance est de développer de nouvelles variétés avec une production régulière. Les principaux objectifs de ma thèse étaient: (i) d'améliorer les stratégies de phénotypage et les méthodes pour caractériser l'alternance de production, (ii) de disséquer le contrôle génétique de l'alternance de production en utilisant une descendance de pommier en ségrégation et d'identifier les principales régions génétiques responsables de la variation du caractère, et (iii) d'étudier les processus physiologiques sous-jacents à l'alternance de production. J'ai combiné des méthodes comme la modélisation, la génétique quantitative, la détection de Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) et de gènes candidats ainsi que la cartographie et l'expression de gènes.Mon étude a utilisé une population de pommier ségrégation obtenue à partir d'un croisement entre des parents contrastés pour les caractéristiques architecturales et de floraison (‘Starkrimson' x 'Granny Smith'). Le phénotypage de la population pour l'alternance de production a été réalisée à l'échelle d'arbres entiers, en observant les occurrences de floraison pendant six années consécutives, et à l'échelle locale, en observant la succession de méristèmes floraux vs végétative en position terminale de rameaux. De ces données, de nouveaux modèles ont été développés afin de quantifier l'alternance de la production, en tenant compte de la croissance ontogénétique de la production et la présence / absence de floraison entre les années successives le long des pousses courtes. Ceci nous a conduits à proposer de nouveaux descripteurs de la tendance d'un génotype à l'alternance de production dans les premiers stades de développement des arbres et ouvre des possibilités pour une évaluation plus rapide et plus précoce de ce caractère dans les programmes de sélection de fruits à pépins.Pour identifier les régions génomiques impliquées dans l'alternance, une détection de QTL a été réalisée sur la base des données phénotypiques et des valeurs de BLUP obtenues à partir des modèles. J'ai démontré que la régularité de la production est sous contrôle polygénique. J'ai extrait une liste de gènes qui sont présents au sein de ces QTL en utilisant la séquence du génome du pommier. Les principaux gènes candidats identifiés sont liés aux gibbérellines, aux auxines, et à la floraison. J'ai étudié l'expression des gènes candidats co-localisant avec des QTLs par PCR quantitative en utilisant les méristèmes prélevés sur les arbres portant une forte charge en fruits vs une faible charge. Une analyse microarray m'a permis d'obtenir un aperçu global des processus biologiques et de l'expression des gènes qui sont modulés dans le méristème lorsque des fruits sont présents. Certains gènes liés à la floraison, au développement du méristème, aux gibbérellines et aux auxines ont montré un profil d'expression affectée par la présence de fruits.Mes résultats fournissent des éclaircissements sur le contrôle physiologique et génétique de ce caractère complexe qui est l'alternance et ouvrent la perspective d'inclure la régularité de production dans les schémas de sélection de pommier et d'autres espèces fruitièresBiennial bearing is defined as the irregular crop load of a tree over consecutive years. The main assumption underlining biennial bearing is that the fruit load of a given year inhibits flower formation for the following year. This phenomenon generates major agronomic problems for fruit species such as apple, by reducing fruit production during ‘OFF' years and fruit quality during ‘ON' years, while increasing orchard management costs, especially for fruit thinning. A strategy to attenuate biennial bearing is to develop new varieties with regular production. The main objectives of my project were (i) to improve phenotyping strategy and methodology for biennial bearing characterisation, (ii) to dissect the genetic control of biennial bearing using an apple segregating progeny and to identify key genetic regions responsible for the trait variation, and (iii) to investigate physiological processes underlying biennial bearing. I combined methodologies such as modelling, quantitative genetics, candidate gene and Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping and gene expression.My study used an apple segregating population issued from a cross between contrasting parents for architectural and flowering features (‘Starkrimson' x ‘Granny Smith'). Phenotyping of the population for biennial bearing was achieved at whole tree scale by observing flowering occurrence for six consecutive years, and at local scale, by observing the succession of floral vs. vegetative meristems in terminal position of shoots. From this data, new models were constructed to quantify the alternation of production, taking into account the ontogenetic increasing trend of production and the presence/absence of flowering between successive years along short shoots. This led us to propose new descriptors of the tendency of a genotype to biennial bearing in the early stages of tree development and opens possibilities for a faster and earlier evaluation of this character in pipfruit breeding programmes and for orchard management.To identify genomic regions involved in biennial bearing, a QTL detection was performed on the basis of phenotypic data and BLUP values obtained from the models. I demonstrated that the regularity of production is under polygenic control. I mined a list of genes that are present within these QTLs using the apple genome sequence. The main candidate genes identified are related to gibberellins, auxins, and flowering.I investigated the expression of candidate genes co-locating with QTLs by quantitative PCR using meristems collected on trees bearing heavy fruit load vs. light crop. A microarray analysis enabled me to obtain a global overview of biological processes and gene expression that are modulated in the meristem when fruits are present. Some genes related to flowering, meristem development, gibberellins and auxins showed an expression profile affected by the presence of fruit.My results provide elucidation on the physiological and genetic control of the complex trait that is biennial bearing and open up the perspective of including regular bearing in breeding schemes for apple and other fruit species
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
