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    The Book of Daniel and manticism: a critical assessment of the view that the Book of Daniel derives from a mantic tradition

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    This dissertation examines the consensus view that is based on Hans-Peter Müller's 1969 and 1972 articles: Daniel was a mantic wise man in the Mesopotamian ASA court, and this was the self-understanding or aspiration of the maskilim of Dan 11:33, 35, 12:3, 10, who wrote the book. Chapter 1 reviews the arguments that make the mantic connection and Chapter 2 concludes that a direct connection with the Danes of Aqht, Ezek, and Jub, and with the angel in 1 Enoch should be rejected. There is evidence that the tradition of a priest in Ezra 8: 2 and Neh 10: 7, and found also in the superscription to the Old Greek of Bel, and 4 Ezra 12:10-11, and suggested the name. Chapter 3 concludes that the portrayal of the court diviners in Dan 1-6 is wholly negative and includes both the diviners, and the essence of the professions, i. e., the ability to interpret a divine revelation. The critique is conveyed through the story line, explicit criticisms, irony, and humour. Chapter 4 concludes that Daniel, the interpreter of dreams and the writing on the wall, is distinguished from every other character and role. In the final form of Dan, Daniel as the divinely assisted each time he interprets, just as when he receives help from an interpreting angel in Dan 7-12. Chapter 5 demonstrates that the portrayal of Daniel as the divinely assisted interpreter makes sense of the reinterpretation of old prophecies against the Assyrians as prophecies against Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Hab 2:2-4 and Isa 52-53 were also understood as predictions about the maskilim themselves. Comparisons are then made with the Teacher of Righteousness, the writers of the Hodayot, and with three Essenes portrayed by Josephus. These too were portrayed as divinely assisted interpreters

    Group Portrait, Black Jack Hunting and Fishing Club

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    Group portrait of Black Jack Hunting and Fishing Club members at their lodge at Reelfoot Lake, Tennessee. [Handwritten on back: 'Back Row L-R: William Daniel, Charles Pickering, Richard Winn, Charles Wallace Cross, John Anderson, William G. Lyle, Clay Lewis Jr., J.Z. Miller, Lynwood Tarpley. Middle Row L-R: V.H. Griffin, L.R. Uffelman, Earl Bradley, Gordon Wolf. Front Row L-R: Hubert Woods (Guide), Richard Hawkins, Paul Strader (Guide). Black Jack Hunting + Fishing Club. Reelfoot Lake Tn. C. 1960. Photo from Jack Uffelman Estate']

    Is the discount on the secondary market a case for LDC debt relief?

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    In 1988, the prices on the secondary market of LDC debt averaged 50 cents per dollar of face value. From the observation of such discount, this paper goes one step further and argues thatthe debt should be written down in order to account for the discrepancy between the face and market value of the debt. The paper is structured as follows. Section 1 spells out the model, section 2 calculates the socially efficient and the post-default growth rates of the economy. Section 3 shows that the lenders, if they were to monitor the investment and the consumption strategy of the borrower, would choose a lower investment strategy than the socially efficient one. Section 4 shows how an optimum rescheduling can achieve the equilibrium described in section 3. Section 5 shows the dynamic inconsistency of the optimal strategy spelled out in section 4, and shows the link with the"debt overhang"literature. Section 6 investigates the empirical relevance of the"debt overhang".Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Strategic Debt Management,Financial Intermediation
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