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Tunisie
No full textHamrouni Salwa, Guetat Meriem, Agerbi Meriem, Tabei Mouna, Matmati Darine, Zayeni Anoir, Djaït Selima. Tunisie. In: Annuaire international de justice constitutionnelle, 34-2018, 2019. Égalité, genre et constitution - Populisme et démocratie. pp. 1085-1099
Raison juridique islamique et droit international. Essai de modélisation des réactions des systèmes juridiques en interaction avec l'ordre juridique international
Get PDFThe relationship between Islam and international law is traditionally studied in terms ofresistances and conflicts. Despite being the translation of an established reality, this approach fails to grasp the complex dynamics which lead to such reactions. In order to overcome this fixed point of view, it seems appropriate to approach the study subjects while in interaction and attempt to deduce a model from the ensuing reactions. This attempt could only be realised by following a systemic method which is capable of taking into consideration all the elements influencing the reactions of the studied legal systems and their evolutions. This method could be found in the theory of legal reason developed by A.J. Arnaud and applied to the Islamic example. In this regard, the legal reason method shows that, beyond the primary reactions of preservation, the interaction with the international legal order could also be the bearer of a movement of innovation. This method allows the deconstructing of the traditional point of views on the relationships between international law and Islam. It also allows to offer a multidimensional point of view and constitutes a stance on the appropriate way to study legal phenomena. Thus, instead of resolving to recognise the impossibility of harmonising the ideals of the international law and the legal systems based on a Islamic legal reason, this study attempts to understand the dynamics which take place during these interactions in order to predict the reactions and the transformations. The result of this pragmatism is that the reconciliation is no longer seen as finality but a possibility.Les rapports entre islam et droit international son traditionnellement étudiés en termes de résistances et de conflits. Certes, cela est la traduction d’une réalité indéniable, mais cette approche ne permet pas de saisir les dynamiques complexes qui conduisent à de pareilles réactions. Afin de dépasser ce point de vue figé, il semble opportun d’approcher les deux sujets d’étude en interaction et tenter de modéliser les réactions qui s’ensuivent. Cette tentative ne peut être concrétisée qu’à partir d’une méthode systémique et qui prenne en compte tous les éléments pouvant influencer les réactions du système juridique et ordonner son évolution. Cette méthode, c’est celle offerte par la théorie de la raison juridique développée par A.J. Arnaud et appliquée à l’exemple islamique. Dans ce sens, il transparaît que l’interaction avec l’ordre juridique international pourrait aussi être porteuse d’un mouvement d’innovation au delà des réactions primaires de préservation. Cela permet de déconstruire les points devue traditionnels sur les rapports entretenus entre droit international et islam. Aussi, cette tentative propose un point de vue qui se veut multidimensionnel et non parcellaire. Elle constitue une prise de position sur la façon d’aborder les phénomènes juridiques. Au lieu de se résoudre à reconnaître, telle une fatalité, l’impossibilité de rapprocher les idéaux du droit international et des systèmes à raison juridique islamique, cette étude tente de comprendre la dynamique qui a lieu afin de prédire les réactions et prévoir les transformations. Le résultat de ce pragramatisme est que le rapprochement n'est plus perçu comme une finalité mais plutôt comme une possibilité
Islamic legal reason and international law. An attempt of modelising the reactions of legal systems interacting with the international legal order
No full textLes rapports entre islam et droit international son traditionnellement étudiés en termes de résistances et de conflits. Certes, cela est la traduction d’une réalité indéniable, mais cette approche ne permet pas de saisir les dynamiques complexes qui conduisent à de pareilles réactions. Afin de dépasser ce point de vue figé, il semble opportun d’approcher les deux sujets d’étude en interaction et tenter de modéliser les réactions qui s’ensuivent. Cette tentative ne peut être concrétisée qu’à partir d’une méthode systémique et qui prenne en compte tous les éléments pouvant influencer les réactions du système juridique et ordonner son évolution. Cette méthode, c’est celle offerte par la théorie de la raison juridique développée par A.J. Arnaud et appliquée à l’exemple islamique. Dans ce sens, il transparaît que l’interaction avec l’ordre juridique international pourrait aussi être porteuse d’un mouvement d’innovation au delà des réactions primaires de préservation. Cela permet de déconstruire les points devue traditionnels sur les rapports entretenus entre droit international et islam. Aussi, cette tentative propose un point de vue qui se veut multidimensionnel et non parcellaire. Elle constitue une prise de position sur la façon d’aborder les phénomènes juridiques. Au lieu de se résoudre à reconnaître, telle une fatalité, l’impossibilité de rapprocher les idéaux du droit international et des systèmes à raison juridique islamique, cette étude tente de comprendre la dynamique qui a lieu afin de prédire les réactions et prévoir les transformations. Le résultat de ce pragramatisme est que le rapprochement n'est plus perçu comme une finalité mais plutôt comme une possibilité.The relationship between Islam and international law is traditionally studied in terms ofresistances and conflicts. Despite being the translation of an established reality, this approach fails to grasp the complex dynamics which lead to such reactions. In order to overcome this fixed point of view, it seems appropriate to approach the study subjects while in interaction and attempt to deduce a model from the ensuing reactions. This attempt could only be realised by following a systemic method which is capable of taking into consideration all the elements influencing the reactions of the studied legal systems and their evolutions. This method could be found in the theory of legal reason developed by A.J. Arnaud and applied to the Islamic example. In this regard, the legal reason method shows that, beyond the primary reactions of preservation, the interaction with the international legal order could also be the bearer of a movement of innovation. This method allows the deconstructing of the traditional point of views on the relationships between international law and Islam. It also allows to offer a multidimensional point of view and constitutes a stance on the appropriate way to study legal phenomena. Thus, instead of resolving to recognise the impossibility of harmonising the ideals of the international law and the legal systems based on a Islamic legal reason, this study attempts to understand the dynamics which take place during these interactions in order to predict the reactions and the transformations. The result of this pragmatism is that the reconciliation is no longer seen as finality but a possibility
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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