1,794 research outputs found
Noninvasive Genotyping of the Red-Legged Partridge (Alectoris rufa, Phasianidae): Semi-Nested PCR of Mitochondrial DNA from Feces
No full textDNA-based studies using avian feces are scarce and deal only with large sized species. The red-legged partridge, Alectoris rufa, is a medium-sized member of the order Galliformes. Our goal was to set up a fast, noninvasive procedure for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genotyping of A. rufa fecal samples. We focused on the protected population from Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago National Park, Italy). Dry A. rufa fecal samples (n = 30) were collected in winter. Both the cytochrome b gene (1,092 bp) and the control region (ca. 1,155 bp) were amplified by means of semi-nested PCRs. Twenty-five samples were successfully sequenced for both genes:
8 showed A. rufa mtDNA lineage and 17 chukar partridge (A. chukar), an exotic species. Mixed maternal ancestry suggests A. rufa x A. chukar hybridization. Our protocol allows noninvasive mtDNA genotyping of any Alectoris species and appears suitable to investigate protected populations as well as those existing either
at very low density or inhabiting poorly accessible regions
Filippo Hercolani dall’Impero a Bologna. Commissioni architettoniche della famiglia Hercolani nel XVIII secolo
No full textL'articolo analizza la figura di Filippo Hercolani (1663-1722), ambasciatore imperiale in Italia, nella sua qualità di committente di palazzi e ville nel territorio bolognese.The article analyzes the figure of Filippo Hercolani (1663-1722), imperial ambassador to Italy, and palaces and villas in the Bolognese area being commissioned by him
A Florentine family in crisis: the Strozzi in the fifteenth century.
No full textPhDIn 1434 the Strozzi lineage had held a leading position in
Florentine society and government for at least one hundred and fifty
years, and was one of the largest and wealthiest of the city's
patrician lineages. The records of the catasto of 1427 and of the
scrutiny of 1433 are used to give a profile of the dominant social,
economic and political position of the Strozzi before the advent of
Medicean dominance. Their record of electoral success, and the
political and cultural leadership of influential and respected men
such as Palla di Nofri and Matteo di Simone, with other factors, put
the Strozzi amongst the greatest enemies of the victorious Medicean
regime of late 1434. The effects of political opposition and exile
on the lineage are examined both directly, through records of office-holding,
and indirectly through such indicators as marriage alliances
and household wealth. The two most prominent lines of the Strozzi
were exiled after 1434. Palla di Nofri's life and preoccupations in
his Paduan exile are examined, together with the lives of his sons;
none of these Strozzi ever returned to Florence, pursued as they were
by the enmity of the Medicean regime. The very different careers of
Filippo di Matteo and his brother Lorenzo are also examined: how they
succeeded in founding a lucrative bank in Naples, and in returning to
Florence to 'rebuild' (rifare) the position of the Strozzi lineage
there. The final decades of the century saw the Strozzi in an
economically more secure position, due substantially to the efforts
of Filippo. Except for a very small number of its members admitted
into the regime, most of the lineage is here shown to have remained
excluded from significant political office until after the fall of
the Medici regime in 1494
Non-native and hybrid in a changing environment: conservation perspectives for the last Italian red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) population with long natural history
No full textThe ever-increasing biotic homogenization - especially when associated with introgressive hybridization - raises concern for the reduction of the spatial component of diversity in wildlife worldwide. Nonetheless, there is a growing attention to the potential conservation value of hybridization in fastening the adaptive evolutionary responses to rapidly changing selective pressures. Under these premises, we investigated the genetic affinity of the red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) population inhabiting Elba Island (Italy) in the context of the overall species phylogeography and particularly of the nominate subspecies it is traditionally ascribed to. Although notoriously hybrid with the congeneric A. chukar, this island population is of undisputedly value because of its long natural history and self-sustainability. As such, its adaptive conservation management calls for a comprehensive knowledge including the assessment of its geographic origin. For this purpose, 110 fecal samples were collected across Elba, genotyped at their joint Cytochrome-b and Control Region genes (2,249 characters), and compared with 149 conspecifics from all over the species distribution range. We confirmed a widespread A. chukar mitochondrial DNA introgression in Elba partridges, whereas their expected formal assignment to the nominate subspecies from Italy and France was rejected, since these turned out to be closely related to conspecifics from the Iberian Peninsula. This counterintuitive result found support in a large variety of literary sources and compelling evidences from personal testimonies revealing recent intense management with farm-reared birds of Spanish origin. Although the nativeness of Elba partridges was disproved, we advise local authorities to keep warranting the ongoing conservation efforts - and especially restore the connectivity between the western and eastern island sub-populations - as this resource may still be conceived as the ultimate repository for part of the otherwise extinct Italian A. r. rufa genome. Indeed, the admixture with conspecifics from the Iberian Peninsula does not necessarily mean that the entirety of the native nuclear genome of Elba partridges has been wiped out. Furthermore, these latter represent an interesting case study in conservation biology to investigate the possible role played by introgressive hybridization in the adaptation to recent land use and vegetation cover changes associated with rural abandonment in an insular yet heavily anthropized context
Conservation genetics and management of the Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar in Cyprus and the Middle East
No full textThe Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar (Phasianidae) is a popular game bird whose range extends
from the Balkans to eastern Asia. The Chukar is threatened by human-mediated hybridization either
with congeneric species (Red-Legged A. rufa and Rock A. graeca Partridges) from Europe or exotic
conspecifics (from eastern Asia), mainly through introductions. We investigated Chukar populations
of the Middle East (Cyprus, Turkey, Lebanon, Israel, Armenia, Georgia, Iran and Turkmenistan: n =
89 specimens) in order to obtain useful genetic information for the management of this species. We
sequenced the entire mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Control Region using Mediterranean (Greece:
n = 27) and eastern Asian (China: n = 18) populations as intraspecific outgroups. The Cypriot
Chukars (wild and farmed birds) showed high diversity and only native genotypes; signatures of
both demographic and spatial expansion were found. Our dataset suggests that Cyprus holds the
most ancient A. chukar haplotype of the Middle East. We found A. rufa mtDNA lineage in Lebanese
Chukars as well as A. chukar haplotypes of Chinese origin in Greek and Turkish Chukars. Given the
very real risk of genetic pollution, we conclude that present management of game species such as
the Chukar cannot avoid anymore the use of molecular tools. We recommend that Chukars must
not be translocated from elsewhere to Cyprus
Barbary, chukar and red-legged: 10 years of research on Alectoris partridges at the University of Pisa
No full textPopolazioni moderne ed estinte di francolino nero (Francolinus francolinus, Galliformes): un approccio genetico-molecolare
No full textSaggio di giurisprudenza tratto dalle leggi romane, canoniche, napoleonee con le riflessioni de piu accreditati giureconsulti italiani e francesi del dottor Filippo Marini - vol. 2.1
No full textUrbino : per Vincenzo Guerrieri, 1809
Segn.: pigreco a-l8 m10
Legato con il v. 2.1
https://galileodiscovery.unipd.it/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=39UPD_INST:VU1&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99000405921020604
Collezioni museali e biogeografia molecolare del francolino nero (Francolinus francolinus, Phasianidae)
No full textThe red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) from Elba Island: conservation perspectives for a last resort resource in Italy
No full textThe red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa, Galliformes) is listed as Species of European Conservation Concern (SPEC 2) and evaluated as threatened under the European legislation. Although introgressed with the exotic chukar partridge (A. chukar), the conservation value of the Elba Island population (Tuscan Archipelago National Park, central Italy) is not under question, as it represents the ultimate wild repository of at least part of the otherwise extinct Italian A. r. rufa genome. Moreover, its comparatively long natural history, self-sustainability and lack of restocking over the last 25 years represent additional valuable features. Nevertheless, the alleged affiliation of this population to the nominal subspecies has not been investigated yet, though it would provide key information for its management within an adaptive conservation framework. In this study, we collected 113 fecal samples across Elba and genotyped the joint Cytochrome-b and Control Region genes (ca. 2,250 nucleotides) for comparison with 149 conspecifics from all over the species distribution range. Other than confirming extensive A. chukar mitochondrial DNA introgression in Elba partridges, their assignment to the nominal subspecies from Italy and France was disproved by haplotypes ascribed to its Iberian counterpart. Moreover, after 30 years of steady demographic decrease of local partridges, our analyses show very limited connectivity between western and eastern subpopulations due to conifer reforestation, which made the habitat in central Elba unsuitable for the species. These data call for the creation of ecological corridors to restore connectivity and evaluate the possible adaptive introgression in this overtly admixed yet irreplaceable landbird island population
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