1,720,960 research outputs found
El rol de los conocimientos en torno a los macrohongos de la Isla Navarino para la conservación biocultural
Full text linkLa presente memoria tuvo como objetivo evaluar los conocimientos existentes sobre los macrohongos en la isla Navarino, con un enfoque centrado en la integración de los saberes científicos y locales. Para ello, se empleó el marco teórico de conservación biocultural, el cual reconoce la importancia de los conocimientos tradicionales y las prácticas humanas en la gestión de la biodiversidad. Este enfoque destaca no sólo los aspectos biológicos del entorno, sino también la relación entre los seres humanos y su entorno natural.
Para lograr aquello, el área de estudio fue la ciudad de Puerto Williams, en isla Navarino, utilizando métodos cualitativos principalmente, para la determinación de la diversidad conocida de macrohongos para la isla Navarino, a través de artículos científicos. Posteriormente en la identificación de conocimientos locales de la población de Puerto Williams, por medio de análisis de contenido de entrevistas semiestructuradas.
Como resultado, se evidenció una notable escasez de información científica sobre los macrohongos en la isla Navarino, lo que resalta la importancia de los conocimientos locales como complemento valioso para el entendimiento ecológico de esta taxa en la región. A partir de los hallazgos, se elaboró un catálogo biocultural de macrohongos, que sintetiza la información científica y los conocimientos tradicionales, con el fin de proporcionar una herramienta útil tanto para la investigación como para la conservación de la biodiversidad.
Con lo anterior se espera ser un aporte a la disciplina geográfica, al integrar una visión más holística de las relaciones sociedad-naturaleza, y ofrece una perspectiva multiescalar y espacial para abordar los desafíos ambientales, resaltando la necesidad de incorporar el conocimiento local en los procesos de gestión y conservación ambiental.Versión original del auto
Local management practices in watersheds of northern Chiloe Island. Integrating effects on soil physical properties related to water storage
Full text linkTesis para optar al Grado de
Magíster en Ciencias BiológicasUna consecuencia importante del cambio global antropogénico es la modificación de la cobertura del suelo, impactando a la biodiversidad y la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos, como el suministro de agua dulce para consumo humano. Recientemente, la literatura científica que investiga las consecuencias del cambio global antropogénico se ha centrado en la relación entre los humanos y los ecosistemas. La incorporación de factores sociales en el estudio de las funciones ecológicas permite comprender mejor cómo los patrones de modificación de la tierra están influyendo en la provisión agua para los seres humanos en paisajes antropogénicos. Particularmente en el sur de Chile, la escasez de agua ejerció presión sobre las medidas para superar un problema extendido por más de 10 años. Aquí, examiné un subconjunto crítico de variables relacionadas con la tasa de infiltración del agua en el suelo, a fin de vincular el almacenamiento y suministro de agua, a escala local, con actividades antropogénicas en el paisaje. Para hacerlo, primero identifiqué el conjunto de prácticas de manejo realizadas en dos cuencas hidrográficas del norte de la isla de Chiloé que proporcionan agua a la ciudad de Ancud. Luego, analicé cómo afectan un conjunto de propiedades físicas del suelo relacionadas con el almacenamiento de agua del suelo. Se identificaron trece prácticas de manejo y cuatro de ellas fueron analizadas en términos de propiedades del suelo relacionadas con el almacenamiento de agua del suelo. Los análisis mostraron diferencias significativas entre las prácticas con respecto a las propiedades relacionadas con el almacenamiento de agua del suelo. Aquí, propongo un enfoque para mejorar nuestra comprensión del impacto de las prácticas de gestión en el paisaje a escala local de cuenca para mejorar el almacenamiento de agua en el suelo y la posterior provisión de agua.A major consequence of anthropogenic global change is the modification of land cover, affecting biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services, such as the supply of freshwater for human use. Recently, the scientific literature on the consequences of anthropogenic global change has focused on the relation between humans and ecosystems. The incorporation of social factors into the study of ecological functions makes it possible to better understand how patterns of land modification are influencing the regular provision of water for humans in anthropogenic landscapes. Particularly in southern Chile, water scarcity puts pressure on stakeholders to find measures to overcome a problem that has continued for over 10 years. Here, I examined a critical subset of the variables related to water infiltration rate in the soil, in order to link water storage and supply, at the local scale, with anthropogenic activities in the landscape. To do this, I first identified the set of management practices done in two catchments of northern Chiloé Island that provides water to the city of Ancud. Then, I analyzed how they affect a set of soil physical properties related to soil water storage. Thirteen management practices were identified and four of them were analyzed in terms of soil properties related to soil water storage. Analyses showed significant differences among the practices regarding properties related to soil water storage. Here, I propose an approach in order to improve our understanding of the impact of management practices on the landscape at catchment and local scales to improve soil water storage and subsequent water provision
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
