1,720,963 research outputs found
Measuring pro-poor growth when relative prices shift
No full textThe theoretical literature on pro-poor growth as well as its application has not paid sufficient attention to the issue of varying inflation rates across the income distribution. Ignoring inflation inequality in pro-poor growth measurements can however severely bias assessments of pro-poor growth. Hence, we suggest simple methods which are able to redress such biases. As an empirical illustration, we use the case of Burkina Faso and the growth incidence curve and poverty change decompositions as pro-poor growth measurements. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Estimating Households Vulnerability to Idiosyncratic and Covariate Shocks: A Novel Method Applied in Madagascar
No full textHouseholds in developing countries are frequently hit by severe idiosyncratic and covariate shocks leading to high consumption volatility. A household's currently observed poverty status might therefore not be a good indicator of the household's general vulnerability to poverty. In the recent years, there has been an emerging literature on the concept and empirical analysis of vulnerability. But because of strong data requirements for vulnerability analysis and limited availability of panel and shock data for developing countries, static poverty analysis still dominates empirical vulnerability studies. In this paper, we propose a simple method to empirically assess the impact of idiosyncratic and covariate shocks on households' vulnerability, which can be applied in a wide context as it relies on more commonly available cross-sectional or short panel data. We empirically illustrate our approach for Madagascar. We show that covariate shocks have a relatively higher impact on rural households, whereas idiosyncratic shocks have a relatively higher impact on urban households' vulnerability. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Growth and Poverty in Burkina Faso. A Reassessment of the Paradox
No full textLes analyses existantes du développement de la pauvreté en Burkina Faso ont été biaisées par
l’ignorance d’aspects méthodologiques importants. Ces biais ont conduit à un paradoxe de croissance
et pauvreté, c'est-à-dire une situation où une croissance macro-économique relativement soutenue
n’était pas accompagnée d’une réduction de la pauvreté. Au contraire, nous estimons que la pauvreté a
diminué significativement entre 1994 et 2003 au moins au niveau national, c'est-à-dire que la
croissance a été, contrairement à ce que les analyses auparavant ont suggéré, ‘pro-poor’. Cependant,
nous montrons également qu’entre 1994 et 1998 la pauvreté a effectivement augmenté malgré la
performance macro-économique favorable. Cela a été dû à une sécheresse sévère et à une détérioration
importante du pouvoir d’achat des pauvres. Cet aspect a été ignoré par les analyses précédentes.Previous poverty assessments for Burkina Faso were biased due to the neglect of some important
methodological issues. This led to the so-called ‘Burkinabè Growth-Poverty-Paradox’, i.e. relatively
sustained macro-economic growth, but almost constant poverty. We estimate that poverty significantly
decreased between 1994 and 2003 at least on the national level, i.e. growth was in contrast to what
previous poverty estimates suggested ‘pro-poor’. However, we also demonstrate that between 1994
and 1998 poverty indeed increased despite a good macro-economic performance. This was due to a
severe drought and a resulting profound deterioration of the purchasing power of the poor; an issue
which was also overseen by previous studies.ou
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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