1,720,985 research outputs found
A modern fairy tale
No full textOver the past century, life expectancy has increased by
approximately 8 years. Although this is a remarkable
achievement, it is also a mixed blessing, and there is
a distinct downside to this success, mainly the dramatic
inversion of the population pyramid that is projected
to take place in the not too distant future. The
consequences of this evolution, together with the drop
in the birth rate in Western societies, have major effects
in terms of demographic changes.
The aging of the post-baby boom population means that
there will not be enough young people to ensure the
sustainability of the funding of healthcare and pension
benefits for the elderly. This will have important socioeconomic
consequences, which we are already starting to
have to come to grips with in the Western world
Ferrara II
No full textThis second article in the Ferrara prevention series discusses how history has shaped the city to focus on the prevention of cardiovascular disease
In the previous article in CardioPulse,1 we examined the reasons why cardiologists, who have been so successful in treating cardiovascular (CV) diseases, should also be active in CV prevention by providing models on how prevention programmes could be implemented. Atherosclerotic CV diseases will continue to be the major epidemic in the future and, in the past, epidemics were cured not by drugs alone but also by lifestyle modifications.2 So, it is time to take the lead in prevention
The future of cardiovascular prevention: between fiction and reality
No full textThe coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic has exacerbated the flow of ‘health’ care systems worldwide, which, actually, are ‘sick’ care systems, activated only when somebody is not well. One of the lessons learnt is that, in the future, a real ‘health’ care system has to care for the maintenance of individuals’ wellbeing and reduce the number of times individuals become patients.1 This needs an improvement in the delivery of prevention and it is the focus of this editorial
Ferrara VI
No full textFerrara, City of Prevention is a 6-year long project. It follows that the results are expected at the end of this period. As for all preventative actions, even after 6 years, it will be difficult to capture the real impact of the project. We are not randomizing the participants. Just the participation in the programme per se constitutes a bias. The willingness to adhere to the programme means that the individuals already take care of their health. We will not be able to timely follow-up all the participants, but we hope to have long-term data..
The heart rate story
No full textThe role of heart rate is well established in the development and pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia. In patients with coronary artery disease, most ischaemic episodes are triggered by an increase in heart rate, which induces an imbalance between myocardial oxygen delivery and consumption. Therefore, heart rate reduction has been considered as an important therapeutic approach in preventing ischaemia by reducing myocardial oxygen consumption and improving myocardial perfusion, by prolonging the diastolic interval. In addition to the beneficial effects of heart rate reduction for the prevention of ischaemia, a lower heart rate is associated with a more favourable prognosis. Recently, prospective investigation of the prognostic role of resting heart rate in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction, using the placebo arm of the BEAUTIFUL study, showed that elevated heart rate was associated with an increased risk of adverse fatal and non-fatal cardiac events. Ivabradine is a new medication which lowers heart rate by selectively inhibiting the If current, without other direct cardiovascular effects. Therefore, ivabradine opens up new opportunities in the management of patients with coronary artery disease. © The Author 2011
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
EL PENSAMIENTO NARRATIVO PARA CONTRARRESTAR LAS ENFERMEDADES CARDIOVASCULARES. PRIMEROS RESULTADOS DE UN CAMINO DE PREVENCIÓN SECUNDARIA
No full textAntecedentes: El acto de narrar ha estado siempre presente en la práctica médica. Cabe
recordar, por ejemplo, la medicina griega, que se basaba en la relación médico-paciente.
Yesa relación se fundaba a su vez en el concepto de philia (la amistad), concepto que se
extendía hasta incluir el agàpe (el afecto) (Cosmacini, 2008). En los templos dedicados
a Asclepio, la solidaridad acompañaba cada acto de cura, según una idea filantrópica de
medicina: el iatros agathòs (el buen médico) sentía amor por su arte, pero, sobre todo,
interés por el hombre. El advenimiento de la medicina racionalista ha cambiado
completamente el significado del acto médico, al reducir a simple acción informativa
(útil en la elaboración de la diagnosis) la escucha del enfermo. Sin embargo, en tiempos
recientes, se ha asistido al surgimiento de un renombrado interés hacia posturas
epistémicas de carácter social, y en consecuencia al nacimiento de enfoques y
metodologías basados en el conocimiento de la persona, la llamada medical humanitas
(Charon, 2000; Evans, 2002; Hunter, 1991). Método: El trabajo es de tipo cualitativo-hermenéutico.
Resultados: Los primeros resultados demuestran un interés por parte de
los pacientes y, de sus historias, emergen visiones múltiples de los conceptos de
enfermedad, salud, prevención. Conclusiones: La adopción del “pensamiento
narrativo” permite mejorar la relación médico-paciente. Creemos que esto puede
facilitar, en general, la adhesión a los programas de prevención de la salu
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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