9,866 research outputs found
Cycadophila debaonica Xu, Tang & Skelley, new species
No full textCycadophila debaonica Xu, Tang & Skelley, new species (Figures 2–4) Adult diagnosis. Distinguished from other Cycadophila spp. by the long supraocular striae, head width/ventral interocular distance ratio 1 times coxal width; meso- and metacoxae separated by> 2 times coxal width (Fig. 4 E). Spiracles raised, annular-biforous. Type locality. China, Guangxi Province, Debao County, Fuping village, N 23 ° 29.624 ', E 106 ° 12.980 '. Range. Known from Debao and Napo Counties of Guangxi province, China. The range of the host, C. debaoensis, extends to Banshui, Baise City, Guangxi province and Funing County, Yunnan Province with 16 known natural populations (Xie et al. 2005; Fang 2009). Material examined. Holotype (by designation) male with the following labels: 1) [rectangular; white; printed in black ink] CHINA, Guangxi, [Debao,] Fuping, ex ♂ cone Cycas debaoensis, N 23 ° 29.624 ', E 106 ° 12.980 ', 21 -V- 2004, W. Tang, # 331; 2) [rectangular; red; printed in black ink] HOLOTYPE ♂ Cycadophila debaonica G. Xu, W. Tang & P. Skelley 2015. Deposited in the FSCA. Allotype (FSCA) and 1683 adult + 329 larval paratypes: CHINA: Guangxi: [Debao Co. ]: Fuping, ex ♂ cone Cycas debaoensis, N 23 ° 29 ’ 50 ” E 106 ° 12 ’ 87 ”, V- 2001, W. Lu (241); N 23 ° 29.643 ', E 106 ° 12.915 ', 21 -V- 2004, W. Tang, # 1 (146); N 23 ° 29.663 ', E 106 ° 12.903 ', 21 -V- 2004, W. Tang, # 7 (92); N 23 ° 29.655 ', E 106 ° 12.867 ', 21 -V- 2004, W. Tang, # 31 (97 larvae); N 23 ° 29.595 ', E 106 ° 12.944 ', 21 - V- 2004, W. Tang, # 210 (31 larvae); N 23 ° 29.624 ', E 106 ° 12.980 ', 21 -V- 2004, W. Tang, # 331 (holotype & allotype, FSCA, 535); N 23 ° 29.643 ', E 106 ° 12.914 ', 26 -V- 2006, W. Tang, # 1 (571); N 23 ° 29.601 ', E 106 ° 12.862 ', 26 -V- 2006, W. Tang, # 2 (50 + 85 larvae); N 23 ° 29.669 ', E 106 ° 12.909 ', 26 -V- 2006, W. Tang, # 4 (1 + 8 larvae); 24 -V- 2008, W. Tang (2 + 108 larvae); [Napo Co.]: Dingye, N 23 ° 24 ’ 26 ” E 106 °01’ 27 ”, 22 -V- 2004, W. Tang, # 1 (5); # 2 (38). Paratypes deposited at ANIC, BMNH, FSCA, IZCAS, MNHN, NZAC, USNM. Etymology. Named for the county of collection. Remarks. The only known host of this beetle is Cycas debaoensis. This cycad occurs in small, relict populations (Tang et al. 2004; Xie et al. 2005) and this beetle species has only been collected from the male cones of this host at two localities. Determination and description of larvae were based on large numbers found associated with adults in C. debaoensis male cones and partial 16 S rRNA gene sequences which were identical to the adults. Field observations of the larvae indicate they feed and develop on the male cones of this species in large numbers, feeding on sporophyll tissue. The adults remain on the male cones by the hundreds and dissection of adults confirm cycad pollen in their guts. They typically account for the highest percentage of adult Cycadophila beetles on male cones sampled in the early stage of cone elongation and pollen shed (range 57.6–89.3 %, mean = 79.8 %, n = 5 cones), but their abundance drops in cones that have nearly completed pollen shedding (range 0–55.6 %, mean = 13.6 %, n = 7 cones). Adults of other species of Cycadophila of the “XB” type (Tang et al. 1999) and identified as C. nigra and C. yunnanensis (see below) occur sympatrically within the same cones of C. debaoensis, these being more abundant on male cones that have nearly completed pollen shedding (range = 41.1–100 %, mean = 80.7 %, n = 7 cones). Larvae of the XB type have not been detected in these cones.Published as part of Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Skelley, Paul, Liu, Nian & Rich, Stephen, 2015, Cycadophila, a new genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas debaoensis (Cycadaceae) in Asia, pp. 251-278 in Zootaxa 3986 (3) on pages 257-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3986.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/24031
The Literature of Gui You-guang : Revising the Concept of the Tang-Song School
No full textThe traditional prose writer (古文家) Gui You-guang (1506-1567) has long been seen as a member of the Middle Ming (明) dynasty literary movement known as the Tang-Song School. This paper argues that this view of Gui is incorrect. By examining Gui's own works, comparing these with the writings of other Tang-Song School figures, and tracing the history of the critical evaluation of Gui's work, a clearer understanding of the relation of Gui's work to the Tang-Song School is achieved. The most representative genre in Gui's corpus is memorial essays, often for relatives or for people of relatively low status. This was not a common type of writing in Gui's period. In examining these works I argue that Gui's motive in writing them was as much to express his own frustrations and anxieties, centered on his poor performance in the Confucian examinations (科擧), as to commemorate the actual subjects of the essays. This is in direct contrast with the writings of the main figures of the Tang-Song School, Tang Shun-zhi (唐順之) and Wang Shen-zhong (王愼中). These men did not write such works themselves, and indeed condemned the writing of epitaphs for people of no particular distinction. The expression of lofty, ennobling sentiments was central to their view of literary production, so naturally the style of their works is very different from that of Gui You-guang's. How, then, did Gui come to be linked to the Tang-Song School? While Tang Shun-zhi, Wang Shen-zhong, and later Mao Kun (茅坤) seem to have truly shared literary views, and associated with one another, Gui was not a part of their social circle. Instead, it seems that later critics, particulary writing in 19th century Japan, emphasized Gui's opposition to the Old Phraseology School (古文辭派), which was also criticized by Tang and Wang. Because of this Gui came to be placed in the same category with these other writers, and thus was assimilated to the Tang-Song School. A view of Gui You-guang which recognizes the distinctiveness of his writings and the contrast between his concerns and those of the actual Tang-Song School writers will restore Gui to his rightful place in Chinese literary history
Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley 2015
No full textCycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley, 2015 Type species. Cycadophila debaonica Xu, Tang & Skelley, 2015, by original designation. Adult diagnosis. The genus Cycadophila is easily distinguished from other genera of Pharaxonothinae by the head surface with transverse occipital ridge (vertexal line); large eyes that encroach upon head ventrally; supraocular striae present, often short; having a remnant of the submental-gular suture visible to variously depressed; male genitalia with median lobe and tegmen twisted, spiculum gastrale asymmetrical; and lacking abdominal calli. Many members of Cycadophila are known to be associated with Cycas spp. in SE Asia. Updated description. Length 3.04–6.95 mm, width 1.15–2.80 mm. Body form elongate, not strongly parallel sided; dorsoventrally flattened, weakly convex; widest anterior to or at middle of elytra; color pale to dark reddishbrown with or without variously sized dark macula on elytra; dorsal punctation fine, evenly distributed. Head with dorsal surface flat to convex (swollen) above eyes, clypeus flat or curved downward apically, may have vague depressions basally; clypeus apically truncate or rounded; supraocular striae present, extending along posterior 1/3 length of eye to entire length of eye; transverse occipital ridge present; stridulatory file on occipital region of head present, one on each side of the midline, widely separated, weakly convergent anteriorly; eyes prominent, coarsely faceted, large, ventrally encroaching upon gular area, distance between eye and lateral corner of mentum 2 times longer than median lobe; flagellum shorter than median lobe, struts not coiled; spiculum gastrale asymmetrical. Note. Xu et al. (2015) provided additional images, some species accounts and key to genera of Pharaxonothinae.Published as part of Skelley, Paul, Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Lindström, Anders J., Marler, Thomas, Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh, Singh, Rita & Rich, Stephen, 2017, Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species, pp. 1-63 in Zootaxa 4267 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.57564
Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley
No full textGenus Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley, new genus Type species. Cycadophila debaonica n. sp., here designated. Diagnosis. Cycadophila is distinguished from other currently known cycad-associated genera of Erotylidae by the presence of a transverse occipital ridge; supraocular striae present; having a remnant of the submental-gular suture visible to variously depressed; lack of abdominal calli; male genitalia with median lobe and tegmen twisted like a corkscrew, and spiculum gastrale asymmetrical; wings with anal cell present. Description. Length 3.12–5.27 mm, width 1.29–2.31 mm. Body form elongate, not strongly parallel sided; dorsoventrally flattened, weakly convex; widest anterior to or at middle of elytra; color pale to dark reddish-brown with or without variously sized dark macula on elytra; dorsal punctation fine, evenly distributed. Head with dorsal surface flat to convex (swollen) above eyes, clypeus flat or curved downward apically, may have vague depressions basally; clypeus apically truncate or rounded; supraocular striae present, about 1 / 3 length of eye; transverse occipital ridge present; stridulatory file on occipital region of head present, one on each side of the midline, widely separated, weakly convergent anteriorly; eyes prominent, coarsely faceted, large, ventrally encroaching upon gular area, distance between eye and lateral corner of mentum 2 times longer than median lobe; flagellum shorter than median lobe, struts not coiled; spiculum gastrale asymmetrical. Etymology. The name Cycadophila is formed from the words “cycad” and “philia”, ancient Greek for affection. Gender feminine. Remarks. With the addition of Cycadophila there are now 6 genera in Pharaxonothinae. However, an understanding of the relationship of Cycadophila within Pharaxonothinae, particularly with respect to Pharaxonotha, requires further studies using morphological characters and multilocus sequence analysis. Furthermore, a phylogenetic comparison of pharaxonothines and their food plants may sharpen our understanding of their co-evolutionary relationships. All specimens of Cycadophila with biological data were collected from male cones of Asian cycads, Cycas spp. Tang et al. (1999) divided “ Xenocryptus ” (now Cycadophila) into different groups (XA and XB, for “ Xenocryptus A” and “ Xenocryptus B”) based on an initial assessment of morphology. In field observations, Tang (see below) noted members of the XA type (C. debaonica and C. fupingensis) appear to reproduce in the male cones with fresh pollen. Specimens of the XB type (C. nigra and C. yunnanensis) are abundant on cones that have finished shedding their pollen and may be saprophytes feeding on old rotting cones, pollen and fungi. There are presently four species herein placed in the genus Cycadophila that occur on cones of C. debaoensis. Other Asian species previously placed in “ Pharaxonotha ” and additional new species of Cycadophila that occur on other species of cycads will be treated in a separate future publication (Xu et al. in prep) reviewing all known members of the genus. We here focus only on the species of Cycadophila known to occur on C. debaoensis.Published as part of Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Skelley, Paul, Liu, Nian & Rich, Stephen, 2015, Cycadophila, a new genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas debaoensis (Cycadaceae) in Asia, pp. 251-278 in Zootaxa 3986 (3) on pages 255-256, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3986.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/24031
FIGURE 20 in Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species
No full textFIGURE 20. SEM of Cycadophila (Strobilophila) tansachai, paratypes: A) head, dorsal; B) head, ventral; C) head and pronotum, antero-lateral; D) protibia, dorsal; E) protibia, ventral.Published as part of Skelley, Paul, Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Lindström, Anders J., Marler, Thomas, Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh, Singh, Rita & Rich, Stephen, 2017, Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species, pp. 1-63 in Zootaxa 4267 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.57564
Cycadophila (Cycadophila) fupingensis Skelley, Tang & Xu
No full textCycadophila (Cycadophila) fupingensis Skelley, Tang & Xu Figs. 2 A, 2D, 3E–H Cycadophila fupingensis Skelley, Tang & Xu in Xu et al. 2015: 12 –17. Adult diagnosis. A member of the C. (Cycadophila) fupingensis species group as discussed above, distinguished from other species of the genus by the narrow protibia lacking stout setae apically, short supraocular stria, fine pronotal punctation, and having a small elytral maculation. Full descriptions and images of adults and larvae are presented in Xu et al. (2015). Type locality. China, Guangxi Province, Debao County, Fuping village, 23°29.624'N, 106°12.980'E. Range. Known from Debao and Napo Counties of Guangxi Province, China on Cycas debaoensis. The range of this host, C. debaoensis, extends to Banshui, Baise City, Guangxi Province and Funing County, Yunnan Province with 16 known natural populations (Xie et al. 2005; Fang 2009). In Vietnam it occurs in Hoa Binh Province, Lac Thuy Distr. on C. hoabinhensis. Material examined. Holotype, allotype and paratypes as stated in Xu et al. (2015). Others examined: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Red River Valley, nr. Man Hao, 23°01'N, 103°24'E, 955m, 12 May 1996, W. Tang, ex near receptive ♀ strobilus of Cycas diannanensis (type locality), WT 50 (2); Guilinchin Town, near Jingping, 22°46'N, 103°15'E, 9 May 1996, S.- L. Yang, ex ♂ strobilus of Cycas dolichopylla, WT 52 (4). VIETNAM, Hoa Binh Province, Lac Thuy Distr., Phu Lao Comm., 20°33'19″N, 105°45'42″E, 50–100m, 25-IV-2015, N. S. Khang ex ♂ Cycas hoabinhensis (1). These are deposited at ANIC and FSCA. Remarks. Xu et al. (2015) demonstrated that adults and larvae occur together in male cones of Cycas debaoensis, where they appear to feed and reproduce.Published as part of Skelley, Paul, Xu, Guang, Tang, William, Lindström, Anders J., Marler, Thomas, Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh, Singh, Rita & Rich, Stephen, 2017, Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species, pp. 1-63 in Zootaxa 4267 (1) on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.57564
Zhai ju ji shi
No full text[V.1-11]. 渭南文集 : 五十卷 -- [v.12-45]. 劍南詩稾 : 八十五卷 -- [v.45]. 放翁逸稾 : [二卷] -- [v.46-48]. 南唐書 : 十八卷, 附音釋 -- [v.48]. 家世舊聞 -- 齋居紀事.[V.1-11]. Weinan wen ji : wu shi juan -- [v.12-45]. Jian nan shi gao : ba shi wu juan -- [v.45]. Fangweng yi gao : [er juan] -- [v.46-48]. Nan Tang shu : shi ba juan, fu yin shi -- [v.48]. Jia shi jiu wen -- Zhai ju ji shi.[陸游].綫裝, 6函.框19.1x14.4公分, 8行18字, 小字雙行同. 白口, 左右雙邊, 無魚尾. 版心上鐫子目題, 中鐫卷次, 下鐫"汲古閣"叢書第一冊內封背頁記"楚澴李氏森寶齋藏板", 並注子目"渭南文集", "劍南詩稾", "逸稾", "南唐書", "家世舊聞"每題卷末均有毛晋言及刻書事.《放翁逸稾》分上, 下卷.《南唐書》附: 南唐書音釋 / 戚光校并音釋.Xian zhuang, 6 han.Kuang 19.1 x 14.4 gong fen, 8 hang 18 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, zuo you shuang bian, wu yu wei. Ban xin shang juan zi mu ti, zhong juan juan ci, xia juan "Ji gu ge"Cong shu di yi ce nei feng bei ye ji "Chuhuan Li shi Sen bao zhai cang ban", bing zhu zi mu "Wei nan wen ji", "Jian nan shi gao", "Yi gao", "Nan Tang shu", "Jia shi jiu wen"Mei ti juan mo jun you Mao Jin yan ji ke shu shi."Fang weng yi gao" fen shang, xia juan.[Lu You]."Nan Tang shu" fu: Nan Tang shu yin shi / Qi Guang jiao bing yin shi
Dianous huanghaoi Tang et Li, sp. n.
No full text<p>Dianous huanghaoi Tang et Li sp. n. Figs 11, 1254-62</p> <p>Type material.</p> <p>Holotype. China: Yunnan: male, glued on a card with labels as follows:"Zhonghutiao, Hutiaoxia Coun., Yunnan Prov., 24.IV.2005, Huang Hao leg." "Holotype / Dianous Huanghaoi / Tang & Li" [red handwritten label] (SHNU). Paratypes. 2 males and 5 females, same data as for the holotype. (1 pair in cPut; rest in SHNU); 2 females, Yushuizhai, Lijiang, alt. 2600m, 14.IV.2003, stream moss, G. de Rougemont leg. (cRou)</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>Body entirely black with a faint plumbeous lustre. Antennae blackish brown, antennal club slightly lighter than preceding segments. Maxillary palpi brownish. Legs black with a brownish tint, tibiae and tarsi slightly lighter.</p> <p>BL: 4.6-5.0mm; FL: 2.6-2.7mm.</p> <p>Proportions of holotype: HW: 59.5, PW: 44.0, PL: 50.5, EW: 66.0, EL: 69.5.</p> <p>Head 0.9 times as wide as elytra; lateral portions of frons slightly raised, median portion concave; punctures round to elliptic, distinctly delimited, slightly larger on median area than near dorsal margins of eyes, diameter of largest punctures about as wide as basal cross section of 2nd antennal segment, interstices smooth, smaller than or as broad as half diameter of punctures. Antennae when reflexed extending to the posterior margin of pronotum; Length of segments from base to apex as 9.5: 6.5: 14.5: 8.5: 7.5: 6.5: 7.0: 5.5: 6.0: 5.5: 8.0.</p> <p>Pronotum 1.15 times as long as wide, widest slightly before middle and constricted at base; punctures partially confluent, similar in size to those on head, interstices similar to those on frons.</p> <p>Elytra nearly rectangular; punctation similar to that of the pronotum, punctures on humeral area mostly distinctly delimited, those on posterior half of elytra strongly confluent, forming a narrowly vorticose sculpture.</p> <p>Relative length of segments of hind legs from base to apex as 15.0: 8.5: 5.5: 3.5: 14.5.</p> <p>Abdomen subcylindrical; 3rd to 6th segments with broad and densely punctate paratergites, paratergites on 4th segment as broad as largest width of hind tibia; 7th tergite with an apical membranous fringe; punctures on 3rd tergite distinctly smaller than eye facet, interstices smooth.</p> <p>Male. Seventh sternite (Fig. 56) with a very shallow emargination posteromedially, 8th sternite (Fig. 57) with a broad emargination posteromedially; 9th sternite (Fig. 58) with distinct apicolateral projections, posterior margin finely serrate and almost straight; 10th tergite (Fig. 59) with a shallow emargination at middle of posterior margin. Median lobe of aedeagus (Fig. 54) with a triangularly pointed and setose apex (Fig. 55), parameres extending far beyond the apex of median lobe.</p> <p>Female. Eighth sternite (Fig. 60) with posterior margin hardly pointed at middle; valvifer (Fig. 61) with posterior margin serrate; 10th tergite (Fig. 62) with the posterior margin rounded.</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>China (Yunnan).</p> <p>Diagnosis.</p> <p>The new species is similar to Dianous carinipennis (Bernhauer, 1914) and Dianous nilgiriensis Puthz, 1995, both from India. It can be distinguished from the latter two species by the less confluent punctation on pronotum and with vorticose sculpture on posterior half of elytra.</p>Published as part of <i>Tang, Liang, Li, Li-Zhen & Cao, Guang-Hong, 2011, On Chinese species of Dianous group I (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Steninae), pp. 67-85 in ZooKeys 111</i> on page 75, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.111.143
On three problems, Da guang, Chong su, and Lu tang, of "Suan shu shu"
No full textP(論文)本論文では,張家山漢簡『算数書』中の「大広」題,「舂粟」題,「〓〓」題の3つの算題を扱う。各算題について,[33]による英訳を紹介し,そこで引用されている世界の諸家の説を検証しながら,[35]での解釈に新たな証拠や見解を与える。In this paper, we consider three problems, 大広 Da guang, 舂粟 Chong su, and 〓〓 Lu tang, from the book 『算数書』"Suan shu shu". We introduce English translations of them from [33], verifying the opinions of researchers around the world, and provide new evidence and opinions to the interpretations given in [35].departmental bulletin pape
Untargeted metabolite profiling of petal blight in field-grown Rhododendron agastum using GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS
No full textDuan, Sheng-Guang, Hong, Kun, Tang, Ming, Tang, Jing, Liu, Lun-Xian, Gao, Gui-Feng, Shen, Zhi-Jun, Zhang, Xi-Min, Yi, Yin (2021): Untargeted metabolite profiling of petal blight in field-grown Rhododendron agastum using GC-TOF-MS and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Phytochemistry (112655) 184: 1-12, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112655, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.11265
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