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Die transarterielle Chemoembolisation als minimal invasive lokoregionale Behandlungsmaßnahme bei nicht resektablen Malignomen der Leber
No full textZielsetzung: Die Evaluation der transarteriellen Chemoembolisation (TACE) bei nicht resektablen primären (CCC) und sekundären (Lebermetastasen verschiedener Primärtumoren) Lebermalignomen anhand des lokalen Tumoransprechens, des klinischen Ansprechens und der Überlebensdaten. Material und Methodik: Im Zeitraum vom 1999 bis 2009 wurden in unserem Tumorzentrum 898 Patienten mit CCC und Lebermetastasen mittels TACE behandelt. Die behandelten Tumorentitäten waren im Einzelnen das cholangiozelluläre Karzinom (CCC) (n=46; 5,1%) sowie Lebermetastasen des: kolorektalen Karzinoms (CRC) (n=463; 51,7%), Mammakarzinoms (n=208; 23,2%), Aderhautmelanoms (n=33; 3,7%), Nierenzellkarzinoms (n=22; 2,5%), neuroendokrinen Karzinoms (NET) (n=48; 5,4%), Magenkarzinoms (n=25; 2,8%), Ovarialkarzinoms (n=30; 3,3%) und nicht-kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms (NSCLC) (n=21; 2,3%). Als Zytostatika wurden Mitomycin C (8 mg/m²), Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m²), Irinotecan (150 mg/m²) und Cisplatin (60 mg/m²) verwendet. Als Embolisat wurden Lipiodol und Microsphären (EmboCept®) verwendet. Mindestens drei TACE Sitzungen pro Patient wurden in vierwöchigen Abständen ambulant durchgeführt. Das radiologische Tumoransprechen wurde mittels Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) und/oder Computertomographie (CT) bestimmt und nach den RECIST-Kriterien klassifiziert. Das klinische Ansprechen wurde im Verlauf der Behandlung in neoadjuvant, palliativ und symptomatisch eingeteilt. Die Überlebensdaten wurden nach der Kaplan-Meier-Methode berechnet. Ergebnisse: Die Mindestzahl der durchgeführten TACE war drei. Bei 46 Patienten mit CCC wurden bei 11% PR, bei 60,7% SD und bei 28,3% PD bei einer medianen Überlebenszeit von 14,5 Monaten dokumentiert. 2,2% der Patienten wurden neoadjuvant, 73,9% palliativ und 23,9% symptomatisch behandelt. Bei 463 Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des CRC wurden bei 14,7% PR, bei 48,2% SD und bei 37,1% PD dokumentiert. Die mediane Überlebenszeit lag bei 14 Monaten. 12,9% der Patienten wurden neoadjuvant, 72,4% palliativ und 14,7% symptomatisch behandelt. Bei 208 Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des Mammakarzinoms wurden bei 13% PR, bei 50,5% SD und bei 36,5% PD bei einer medianen Überlebenszeit von 18,5 Monaten dokumentiert. Die Patienten wurden zu 18,75% neoadjuvant, zu 15,38% symptomatisch und zu 65,87% palliativ behandelt. Bei Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des Aderhautmelanoms wurden bei 15,2% PR, bei 42,4% SD und bei 42,4% PD dokumentiert. Die mediane Überlebenszeit betrug 18 Monate. Die klinische Situation war zu 3% neoadjuvant, zu 24,2% symptomatisch und zu 72,8% palliativ. Bei Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des Nierenzellkarzinoms wurden bei 13,7% PR, bei 59% SD und bei 27,3% PD bei einer medianen Überlebenszeit von 6,6 Monaten dokumentiert. Die klinische Situation war zu 81,8% palliativ und zu 18,2% symptomatisch. Bei Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des NET wurden bei 18,8% PR, bei 52,1% SD und bei 29,1% PD dokumentiert. 81,2% der Patienten wurden palliativ und 18,8% symptomatisch behandelt. Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des Magenkarzinoms hatten eine mediane Überlebenszeit von 10,5 Monaten. SD wurde bei 60% und PD bei 40% dokumentiert. 76% der Patienten wurden palliativ und 24% symptomatisch behandelt. Bei den Patientinnen mit Lebermetastasen des Ovarialkarzinoms wurden bei 20% PR, bei 26,7% SD und bei 53,3% PD dokumentiert. Die mediane Überlebenszeit betrug 23,7 Monate bei folgendem klinischen Ansprechen: 13,3% symptomatisch und 86,7% palliativ. Für Patienten mit Lebermetastasen des NSCLC wurden bei 14,3% PR, bei 47,6% SD und bei 38,1% PD bei medianer Überlebenszeit von 11,7 Monaten dokumentiert. Die Patienten wurden wie folgend behandelt: 81% palliativ und 19% symptomatisch. Schlussfolgerung: TACE bei primären (CCC) und sekundären (Lebermetastasen verschiedener Primärtumoren) Lebermalignome stellt ein gut verträgliches, minimal invasives, lokoregionales Verfahren dar, das zu einem guten Tumoransprechen, Lebensverlängerung sowie Verminderung der Symptomatik führt.Purpose: To evaluate local tumor response, clinical response and survival data after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of nonresectable primary (CCC) and secondary (liver metastases from different primary tumors) liver tumors. Material and Methods: From 1999 to 2009, 898 patients suffering from CCC and liver metastases were treated with TACE. Treated tumor entities were CCC (n=46, 5.1%) and liver metastases from CRC (n=463, 51.7%), breast cancer (n=208, 23.2%), uveal malignant melanoma (n=33; 3.7 %), renal cell carcinoma (n=22, 2,5%), neuroendocrine tumors (n=48, 5.4%), gastric cancer (n=25, 2.8%), ovarian cancer (n=30, 3.3%) and NSCLC (n=21, 2.3%). The local chemotherapy protocol consisted of mitomycin C (8 mg/m²), gemcitabine (1000 mg/m²), irinotecan (150 mg/m²) and cisplatin (60 mg/m²). Embolization was performed with lipiodol and starch microspheres for vessel occlusion. At least 3 TACE courses on an outpatient basis in four-week-intervals were conducted. Tumor response was evaluated with MRI and/or CT. The change in tumor size was calculated and the response was evaluated and classified according to RECIST- Criteria. Clinical response to treatment was classified in neoadjuvantly, palliatively and symptomatically. The survival data were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: A minimum of 3 TACE sessions was conducted in all patients. For the 46 patients with CCC radiological response was 11% PR, 60.7% SD and 28.3% PD with a median survival of 14.5 months. 2.2% of patients were treated neoadjuvantly, 73.9% palliativly and 23.9% symptomatically. For 463 patients with liver metastases of CRC radiological response was 14.7% PR, 48.2% SD and 37.1% PD. The median survival time was 14 months. 12.9% of the patients were treated neoadjuvantly, 72.4% palliatively and 14.7% symptomatically. In 208 patients with liver metastases of breast cancer were documented 13% PR, 50.5% SD and 36.5% PD with a median survival of 18.5 months. The patients were treated neoadjuvantly in 18.75%, palliatively in 15.38% and symptomatically in 65.87%. For patients with liver metastases from uveal malignant melanoma radiological response was PR for 15.2%, SD for 42.4% and PD for 42.4%. The median survival time was 18 months. 3% of the patients were treated neoadjuvantly, 24.2% symptomatically and 72.8% palliatively. For patients with liver metastases of renal cell carcinoma was documented 13.7% PR, 59% SD and 27.3% PD with the median survival of 6.6 months. Clinical situation was in 81.8% symptomatically and in 18.2% palliatively. For patients with liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors was documented 18.8% PR, 52.1% SD and 29.1% PD. 81.2% of the patients were treated palliatively and 18.8% symptomatically. Patients with liver metastases of gastric cancer had a median survival of 10.5 months. SD was documented in 60% and PD in 40%. 76% of the patients were treated palliatively and 24% symptomatically. For patients with liver metastases of ovarian cancer was documented 20% PR, 26.7% SD and 53.3% PD. The median survival was 23.7 months with the following clinical response: 13.3% symptomatically and 86.7% palliativelly. For patients with liver metastases of NSCLC was documented 14.3% PR, 47.6% SD and 38.1% PD with a median survival of 11.7 months. The patients were treated: palliatively in 81% and symptomatically in 19%. Conclusion: TACE for primary (CCC) and secondary (liver metastases from different primary tumors) liver tumors represents a well tolerable, minimally invasive, locoregional and safe procedure. The goals of TACE were a good tumor response, life extension and reduction of tumor associated symptoms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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