1,720,959 research outputs found
Austria's annual leave legislation on its long journey to Europe
No full textThis article discusses a recent decision of the Austrian Supreme Court on the period of limitation for annual leave entitlements in light of the Working Time Directive 2003/88 (WTD). In the past, the Supreme Court's case law has repeatedly been criticised in the literature, as the Court – based on the corresponding national provision – considered the (rather long) period of limitation after the mere passage of time to be in line with EU law. The decision under discussion has now changed this line of case law, but questions remain over the legal methodology. Case Austrian Supreme Court ( Oberster Gerichtshof – OGH) of 27.6.2023, 8 ObA 23/23z, ECLI:AT:OGH0002:2023:008OBA00023.23Z.0627.000
Under what conditions do volunteers escape being qualified as workers? *
No full textThis contribution looks at the status of volunteers in EU labour law taking into account the criteria of the CJEU's Lawrie-Blum formula. It demonstrates, in light of the jurisprudence of the Court, that some criteria may be problematic and that a purposive approach may provide adequate solutions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Deserving Austrians first:The impact of the radical right on the Austrian welfare state
Get PDFThis article examines the impact of the populist radical right on labor law and social policies in Austria, with a focus on reforms legislated by the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) in government with the Christian Democratic-Conservative Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP) from 2017 to 2019. We argue that the FPÖ’s main impact was to retrench welfare state support for non-citizens and reshape economic governance at the expense of trade union influence. Our analysis highlights how the efforts of the ÖVP to co-opt the FPÖ on its nativist demands paved the way for the legislation of unprecedented welfare chauvinism. However, faced with the ÖVP’s pro-business demands, the FPÖ gave in to a significant statutory deregulation of working-time arrangements at the expense of its working-class base. We illustrate the radical right’s influence by showing how the policy record of the ÖVP-FPÖ government diverged from previous grand coalition governments. Taken together, the ‘new nationalism’ observed in Austria has translated into a policy of welfare chauvinism, trade union disempowerment, and labor law deregulation, while keeping untouched the social rights of the native core (male) workforce
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Policies to support the selfemployed in the labour markets of the future
No full textThe rise of independent work, self-employment and the growth of the gig economy are all disrupting the traditional model of full-time employees working one job with single employers. The pandemic further disrupted work by forcing the acceleration and acceptance of remote work, and, in many cases, supplying clear evidence that workers can be productive and successful outside of an office. In contrast, European Union labour markets and regulations have been slow to change and adapt to the transformation of work. Labour markets are still structured around two types of workers: independent contractors and employees, leaving policymakers to figure out how to force many types of workers today (part-time, self-employed, on-demand, freelancer, side gigger) into the outdated two-tier, or in select cases, three-tier, classification system. Similarly, policymakers have chosen to continue to award employment rights, benefits and protections only to employees. Other workers are denied access to, for example, paid sick leave and other types of leave, equitable pensions and other social contributions, protection against discrimination and harassment, and the right to take collective action. If a labour market was being designed today, it's unlikely such benefits, protections and rights would be awarded only to employees. We review the changes in the way we work and discuss the need to update worker classification. We explore the rationale and options for extending protection against discrimination and harassment, and the right to collective action, to more workers. We also discuss the special case of platform work
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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