1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Finding and Keeping Stars: The Leadership Performance and Retention of High Potentials
No full textHigh potentials (HI-POs) are employees who are most likely to become their organizations' top performers and senior leaders. Identifying HI-POs early and understanding the factors involved in their retention can help organizations strategically invest in their future. This dissertation explores how to identify and retain HI-POs across three related chapters (papers), two of which examine U.S. Army officers, and one of which examines corporate leaders.
The first chapter identifies which traits and performance factors predict that young leaders will become their organizations' highest performing leaders. This illuminates the challenges of defining high performance, such as the potential organizational tension between favoring action-oriented employees versus contemplative-oriented employees. It also shows that junior employees' job performance ratings, if force-distributed and repeated over time with different bosses, strongly predicts high leadership performance up to fifteen years later. Additionally, it finds intellectual ability may be punished by organizations, and suggests the construct of the Criteria-Needs Mismatch (CNM) as a potential explanation of this phenomenon.
Having identified HI-POs within a larger population of young leaders, the second chapter comprehensively tests the factors that predict their turnover dynamics over short, medium, and long stays in their organization. Also, it explores the concept of Functional Human Capital, a subset of Industry Human Capital that suggests employees who are trained in different technical fields within the same organization will experience different levels of portability than employees trained in non-technical fields. Therefore, Function Human Capital may provide an additional lens towards understanding turnover behavior.
The third chapter, co-authored with Boris Groysberg, explores the current applications and best practices for one of the most widely used, yet least understood, methods for understanding turnover: the Exit Interview and Survey (EIS). By studying EIS programs across various industries, geographies, and organizational sizes, we find most existing EIS programs do not produce positive changes for their organizations, and that there is no one-size-fits-all template for creating an effective EIS program. Through integrating the literature, analysis, and global best practices, we present four recommendations for designing EIS programs that are capable of unlocking significant value for their organizations
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Decisions and Dynamics in the Upper Echelons: Implications for Firm Governance, Strategy, and Performance
No full textThis dissertation examines how individuals in the upper echelons of the organization – namely, the board of directors, CEO, and top management team – shape firm governance, strategy, and performance. This dissertation starts with a broad analysis of board effectiveness and then narrows in focus to one particular board responsibility (CEO succession planning), and then one particular type of CEO transition (leapfrog CEO succession) in the two subsequent chapters. Through this dissertation, I advance our understanding of how board directors and executives influence the organizations around them by developing insights into how boards and top management teams operate internally and integrating these insights into large-sample empirical analyses.
The first chapter of this dissertation uses a large-sample survey to explore drivers of board effectiveness on three primary board responsibilities. This study emphasizes the role that internal board operations play in explaining directors’ perceptions of their boards’ effectiveness. The second chapter uses a mixed-methodology approach to examine one specific board responsibility: CEO succession planning. This study identifies the basic components of a board-level CEO succession plan and highlights the role of the CEO/board relationship and risk management processes in supporting these processes. The third chapter examines a specific type of CEO transition: leapfrog CEO succession. This study analyzes the environmental antecedents and performance consequences of appointing an internal candidate who is fast-tracked past more senior executives as CEO.STRATEG
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The Impact of Visual Cues on Judgment and Perceptions of Performance
No full textNo matter what domain, the judgment of performance occupies a key area of investment. Experts are trained and societal institutions are constructed to judge performance, and to identify, develop, and reward the highest levels of achievement. This research demonstrates that experts are just as vulnerable as novices to being confounded by the vision heuristic--the dominance of visual information over more relevant evaluation metrics. Using a multi-method approach spanning laboratory experiments, surveys, interviews, and field data, this research explores the impact of visual information on judgment and decision making in performance contexts. The first paper indicates that professional musicians use primarily visual information to judge music performance, even when they report that sound is most important to their evaluations. The second paper highlights the underlying mechanisms that account for the dominance of visual information. Additional work elaborates on the generalizability of the vision heuristic to management domains. The third paper suggests that visible cues about leadership and team dynamics matter more to expert judges than the group performances themselves. In another set of studies, venture capitalists and investors are found to neglect the content of entrepreneur pitches, instead overweighting dynamic visual cues. Finally, the latest study demonstrates that the visual performance cues displayed by firm managers can lead financial analysts to make less accurate forecasts of firm performance. In sum, this research shows that both laymen and experts rely heavily on visual information in their judgments; this dominance extends to organizational contexts, where it can strongly bias performance assessments. These findings have implications for the optimal design of processes for professional selection and advancement, and communication in organizations
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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