1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Contribution to the study of damaged composite structures under multiaxial and envelope loadings
No full textLe dimensionnement et la certification des structures aéronautiques reposent sur le principe de la pyramide des essais : de nombreux essais coupons servent de base au dimensionnement d'essais de plus en importants en taille et de moins en moins nombreux. Des effets structurels apparaissent aux échelles supérieures, mais les essais du haut de la pyramide sont trop complexes et trop coûteux pour être étudiés en laboratoire. Il y a donc un besoin d'essais à l'échelle intermédiaire, peu couteux et simples à mettre en œuvre, représentatifs d'essais à plus grande échelle afin de simplifier la pyramide, afin de réduire les surdimensionnements et d’avoir des retours rapides sur de nouvelles technologies et/ou matériaux. Cette thèse exploite le banc d'essai VERTEX, qui permet l'application de chargements combinés de traction/compression-cisaillement-pression, sur une zone utile de 400 mm × 400 mm. De plus le banc Vertex est représentatif des structures aéronautiques réelles en termes de conditions aux limites grâce au fait que l'éprouvette est chargée à l'aide d'une structure intermédiaire, plutôt que directement par des vérins comme c'est le cas habituellement.Dans un premier temps, cette thèse considère des éprouvettes composites à fibres de carbone et matrice thermoplastique, qui sont entaillées sur 100 mm en leur centre. Des éprouvettes identiques sont chargées selon différentes combinaisons de traction/cisaillement/pression, afin d'étudier la propagation de l'entaille dans un large domaine de chargement.Dans un deuxième temps, un modèle numérique Éléments Finis du banc d'essai VERTEX a été développé pour obtenir sa fonction de transfert, c’est-à-dire la relation entre les commandes du banc d'essai (position des quatre vérins) et le chargement résultant sur l'éprouvette. Cette étude permet ainsi de mieux comprendre le banc VERTEX, notamment par : le rôle des raideurs des liaisons boulonnées, la dépendance à l'éprouvette testée, les spécificités des formes de chargement générées.Dans un troisième temps, les capacités de combinaison de chargement du banc d'essai VERTEX sont exploitées pour réaliser des trajets de chargements non-proportionnels. Plutôt que d'évaluer les limites du domaine sain de la structure testée par de nombreux essais à rupture de chargements proportionnels, la méthode "Safe Life Domain" est proposée. La première étape consiste à explorer les limites du domaine sain par des simulations et un critère de rupture numérique. Ensuite un unique essai de "chargement enveloppe" (trajet hautement non-proportionnel en boucle fermée) vient longer la totalité de la frontière critique estimée numériquement. Si à la fin de l'essai l'éprouvette reste non endommagée, alors la totalité du domaine de chargement enveloppé est considérée comme sain. Cette méthode a été appliquée sur des essais enveloppe de traction-cisaillement, avec et sans pression.Enfin, les essais structuraux VERTEX ont été ouverts aux éprouvettes raidies composites (fibres de carbone, matrice thermodurcissable), afin d'étudier le décollement de raidisseur en compression après impact.En conclusion, la tolérance aux dommages sous chargements complexes a été étudiée pour des éléments structuraux en matériaux composites. Les essais et simulations réalisés mènent à une meilleure compréhension des effets de structures présents à grande échelle, tout en les étudiant à l'échelle intermédiaire à coût modéré. La méthode du Safe Life Domain a été proposée pour valider rapidement des domaines entiers de chargement, et ainsi simplifier le processus de dimensionnement-validation des nouvelles structures aéronautiques.Sizing and safety certification of aeronautical structures rely on the method of the test pyramid: numerous coupon tests are forming a basis to the sizing of larger but fewer tests. Structural effects appear at higher scales, but tests of the top of the test pyramid are too complex and costly to be studied in laboratory. Therefore there is a need for intermediate scale testing, less costly and easier to implement, representatively of large tests of the test pyramid, to reduce oversizing and get quick feedback on new technologies and materials. This thesis uses the VERTEX test rig, which allows to generate combined loadings of tension/compression-shear-pressure, on a useful zone of 400 mm × 400 mm. The VERTEX bench is representative of actual aeronautical structures considering the enforcement of boundary conditions, thanks to the fact that the specimen is loaded through an intermediary structure, instead of being directly loaded by actuators as usual.First, this thesis considers composite samples made of carbon fibres and thermoplastic matrix, which are notched over 100 mm on their centre. Identical samples are loaded with various combinations of tension/shear/pressure, to study the crack propagation over a large domain of loading.Second, Finite Element model of the VERTEX bench was developed to obtain its transfer function, that is the relation between the bench driving parameters (positions of the four jacks) and the resulting loading on a sample. This study allows to better understand the VERTEX bench, notably through the influence of the stiffness of bolted joints, the dependency to the specimen tested, and the specificities of the loading shapes generated.Third, loading combination capabilities of the VERTEX rig were exploited to perform non-proportional loading paths. Instead of probing the limit of the safe domain of a specimen with many proportional tests up to failure, the "Safe Life Domain" method is proposed. The first step is to explore the limit of the safe domain with numerical simulations and a failure criterion. Then, a single test with an "envelope loading" (highly non-proportional load forming a closed path) is going along the critical border that was estimated numerically. If at the end of the envelope test, the sample is still not damaged, then the whole domain encircled by the envelope is considered safe. This method was implemented on tension-shear envelope tests, with or without pressure.Finally, VERTEX structural tests were open to stiffened specimens (carbon fibre, thermoset matrix), to study stiffener debonding under compression after impact.To conclude, damage tolerance under complex loading was studied for structural elements made of composite materials. Testing and simulations led to a better understanding of structural effects happening at large scale, while studying them at the intermediate scale with a moderate cost. The Safe Life Domain method was proposed to quickly validate areas of loading domains, and therefore simplify the process of sizing-validation of new aeronautical structures
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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