598 research outputs found
Gunshot-related displacement of skin particles and bacteria from the exit region back into the bullet path
No full textIn previous studies, it was shown that there is a gunshot-related transport of skin particles and microorganisms from the entrance region into the depth of the bullet path. The present study deals with the question of whether gunshots may also cause a retrograde transport of skin particles and microorganisms from the bullet exit region back into the bullet path. For this purpose, we used a composite model consisting of rectangular gelatin blocks and pig skin. The skin pieces were firmly attached to the gelatin blocks on the side where the bullet was to exit. Prior to the test shots, the outer surface of the pig skin was contaminated with a thin layer of a defined bacterial suspension. After drying the skin, test shots were fired from a distance of 10 m using cartridges calibre .38 spec. with different bullet types. Subsequent analyses showed that in all shots with full penetration of the composite model, the bullet path contained displaced skin particles and microorganisms from the skin surface at the exit site. These could be regularly detected in the distal 6-8 cm of the track, occasionally up to a distance of 18 cm from the exit hole. The distribution of skin particles and microorganisms is presented and the possible mechanism of this retrograde transport is discussed
New measurements of polarized valence and sea quark distributions of the nucleon in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering
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Proceedings of RIKEN/BNL Research Center Workshop Future Transversity Measurements (Volume 29).
No full textThe RIKEN-BNL Research Center workshop on ''Future Transversity Measurements'' was held at BNL from September 18-20, 2000. The main goal of the workshop was to explore future measurements of transversity distributions. This issue is of importance to the RHIC experiments, which will study polarized proton-proton collisions with great precision. One of the workshop's goals was to enhance interactions between the DIS community at HERA and the spin community at RHIC in this field. The workshop has been well received by the participants; the number of 69 registered participants demonstrates broad interest in the workshop's topics. The program contained 35 talks and there was ample time for lively discussions. The program covered all recent work in the field and in addition some very elucidating educational talks were given. At the workshop the present status of the field was discussed and it has succeeded in stimulating new experimental and theoretical studies (e.g. model calculations for interference fragmentation functions (IFF), IFF analysis at DELPHI). It also functioned to focus attention on the open questions that need to be resolved for near future experiments. In general, the conclusions were optimistic, i.e. measuring the transversity functions seems to be possible, although some new experimental hurdles will have to be taken
Dijet azimuthal correlations and conditional yields in pp and p+Pb collisions at q SNN = 5.02 TeV with the atlas detector
No full textMade available in DSpace on 2019-02-06T19:32:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2018-10-30This dissertation presents a measurement of forward--forward and forward--central dijet azimuthal angular correlations and conditional yields in proton--proton () and proton--lead (+Pb) collisions as a probe for possible gluon-density saturation in regions where the momentum fraction of a parton compared to a nucleon in the lead nucleus is low. In these regions, gluon saturation can modify the rapidly increasing parton distribution function of the gluon. The analysis utilizes 25 pb of data and 360 of +Pb data, both at = 5.02 TeV, collected in 2015 and 2016, respectively, with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurement is performed in the center-of-mass frame of the nucleon--nucleon system in the center-of-mass rapidity range between -4.0 and 4.0 using the two highest transverse momentum jets in each event. The highest transverse momentum jet is restricted to the forward rapidity range where it is possible to probe the region where the momentum fraction of a parton compared to a nucleon in the lead nucleus is low. No significant broadening of azimuthal angular correlations is observed for forward--forward or forward--central dijets in +Pb compared to collisions within the uncertainties. The ratio of conditional yields of forward--forward jet pairs in the proton-going direction in +Pb collisions compared to collisions is suppressed by approximately 20\%, with no significant dependence on the transverse momentum of the dijets system. No modification of conditional yields is observed for forward--central dijets.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2019-02-05 without embargo termsThe student, Yakov Kulinich, accepted the attached license on 2018-10-29 at 15:03.The student, Yakov Kulinich, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-10-29 at 15:07.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-10-30 at 15:46.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13049 on 2019-02-05 at 11:08:3
Emergence of charge density wave domain walls above the superconducting dome in TiSe2
No full textSuperconductivity (SC) in so-called “unconventional superconductors” is nearly always found in the vicinity of another ordered state, such as antiferromagnetism, charge density wave (CDW), or stripe order. This suggests a fundamental connection between SC and fluctuations in some other order parameter. 1T-TiSe2 is a prototypical CDW material in the transtion-metal dichalcogenide family and was previously shown to exhibit SC when the CDW is suppressed by hydrostatic pressure or intercalation of Cu atoms. Here, we present detailed high pressure x-ray scattering study on 1T-TiSe2. We found that the CDW phase of 1T-TiSe2 is completely suppressed on the application of hydrostatic pressure and established the existence of a quantum critical point (QCP) at $P_c = 5.1 +- 0.2 GPa, which is more than 1 GPa beyond the end of the SC region. Unexpectedly, at P = 3 GPa we observed a weakly first order, incommensurate CDW phase, suggesting the presence of a Lifshitz tricritical point somewhere above the superconducting dome. Our study suggests that SC in 1T-TiSe2 may not be directly connected to the QCP of the CDW order, but to the formation of CDW domain walls.Item withdrawn by Laura Spradlin ([email protected]) on 2014-03-27T13:22:21Z
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University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
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The proton's longitudinal spin structure studied through the weak interaction in pp collisions
No full textFor many years there has been limited knowledge of the spin structure of the proton. The degree to which the antiquarks and gluons of radiative origin inside the proton contribute to the total spin is particularly not well confined. The PHENIX experiment at RHIC has made measurements that have, and will, better confine these spin contributions. One of these measurements, made possible by a series of experimental upgrades, is a study of the single spin asymmetry in W boson production () in polarized proton-proton collisions. In this measurement, the parity violating weak interaction serves, compared to than previously used techniques, as a cleaner and more direct probe of flavor separated quark and antiquark spin-dependent momentum distributions. This is most significant in the case of the antiquark distributions, which are currently not well constrained. PHENIX has taken data toward this measurement in 2013, analysis of the data was performed, and preliminary results have been released. Work is currently underway to finalize these results for forthcoming publication. Once finalized, these results will be included in a global fit along with data from other experiments to reduce the uncertainty of the antiquarks' contribution to proton spin. This dissertation will detail the theoretical basis for this measurement and describe the experimental and analytic procedures used to obtain the result, with special emphasis on contributions from the author.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-02-28 without embargo termsThe student, Daniel Jumper, accepted the attached license on 2016-09-21 at 17:10.The student, Daniel Jumper, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-09-21 at 17:27.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-09-22 at 15:03.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10168 on 2017-02-28 at 14:46:11Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T15:46:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2016-09-2
The Boer-Mulders and Cahn effects: azimuthal modulations in the spin-independent SIDIS cross section at Hermes
No full textThe coφh and cos 2φh modulations of the spin independent semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering cross section were measured at Hermes. These modulations are sensitive to the polarization and transverse motion of quarks within the nucleon. The Cahn effect, which contributes at subleading twist (twist-3) to cosφh and twist-4 to cos2φh, is sensitive to transverse motion of quarks. The Boer-Mulders effect, which contributes at subleading twist to cosφh and leading twist to cos2φh, requires non-zero transverse quark motion and is sensitive to quark polarization, effectively measuring the quark spin-orbit correlation.
These modulations were measured in a fully differential way, as a function of x, y, z, and Ph⊥ for positive and negative pions, kaons, and unidentified-hadrons produced from hydrogen and deuterium targets at Hermes. This is the the most complete measurement to date, for the first time granting access to the flavor dependent distribution and fragmentation functions that generate these moments.
These measurement would not have been possible without an improved hadron-type identification algorithm for the Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector. The EVT event-level algorithm is presented and now is the primary method used at HermesItem withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2010-07-08T21:59:16Z
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Effect of shortening the barrel in contact shots from rifles and shotguns
No full textIn a suicidal gunshot fired to the chest from a carbine, the barrel of which had been shortened to half its original length, an unexpectedly large degree of destruction of the anterior thoracic wall with extensive undermining of the subcutis was found. This phenomenon was investigated for reconstructive purposes by firing test shots from two different long guns (caliber 7.92x57 repeating rifle with full-jacketed pointed bullet and caliber 12/70 single-barreled shotgun with shotgun slug) into blocks of soap (38x25x25 cm). The contact shots were fired before and after shortening the barrels (repeating rifle from 60 to 30 cm and single-barreled shotgun from 72 to 36 cm). The volume of the cavities in the simulant was visualized three-dimensionally with the help of a multislice computed tomography (CT) scanner and calculated sectionally. With the repeating rifle and the single-barreled shotgun, the shots from the sawed-off barrels produced significantly larger cavity diameters in the first section of the bullet track. This effect is attributable to the fact that, with a shortened barrel, the gas pressure at the muzzle is higher, thus, leading to increased expansion in the initial part of the wound track in contact shots.</p
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