1,720,970 research outputs found
Can an algorithm remember the Holocaust? Comparative algorithmic audit of Holocaust-related information on search engines
No full textWeb search engines play an important role in today's media environment. By responding to the large number of queries (approximately 3.8 million per minute for Google alone), these algorithmic systems shape social reality by informing their users about current and historical phenomena. However, there are many questions concerning the quality of information provided by the search engines in light of existing evidence of them being subjected to bias (e.g., gender or race bias) as well as other forms of malperformance (e.g., retrieval of inaccurate information).
In our paper, we look at how search algorithms represent information about the Holocaust. The importance of this specific subject is two-fold: on the one hand, algorithms can help human societies across the globe to fulfill moral obligations to remember victims of mass atrocities by prioritizing reliable information sources and promoting historical facts. However, algorithms can also undermine Holocaust remembrance by promoting denialist narratives and offensive content, in particular considering the intense use of online media by Holocaust deniers.
To understand what information about the Holocaust is prioritized by the search algorithms and whether their performance is subjected to malperformance, we conduct a systematic audit of the six world’s largest search engines (Google, Bing, Yahoo, Baidu, Yandex, and DuckDuckGo). Using an automated agent-based auditing approach to control for search personalization and randomization, we collected top 20 text search results for multiple (n=160) agents using the query “Holocaust” in February 2020 and March 2021. Then, we used content analysis to identify the source type for each result as well as the quality of information provided by it. By doing so, we aim to understand how different algorithms represent the Holocaust and whether there is consistent malperformance (e.g., recurring prioritization of denialist content) which can affect the way the Holocaust is remembered
Gedenkstätten und Social Media: Chancen für partizipative und dialogische Formate der digitalen Geschichtsvermittlung
No full textGedenkstätten und Social Media: Chancen für partizipative und dialogische Formate der digitalen Geschichtsvermittlung
No full textUnterwegs in eine Welt des Verstehens.Gehörlosenbildung in Hamburg vom 18. Jahrhundert bis in die Gegenwart
No full textThis book presents the history of deaf education in Hamburg for the first time: from Samuel Heinicke's School for the Deaf in phonetic language to the recognition of German Sign Language. The life of deaf people in Hamburg from the 18th century to the present day is vividly depicted
Unterwegs in eine Welt des Verstehens : Gehörlosenbildung in Hamburg vom 18. Jahrhundert bis in die Gegenwart
Get PDFErstmals wird in diesem Buch die Geschichte der Gehörlosenbildung in Hamburg dargestellt: von Samuel Heinickes Schule für Gehörlose in Lautsprache bis zur Anerkennung der Deutschen Gebärdensprache. Anschaulich wird das Leben Gehörloser in Hamburg vom 18. Jahrhundert bis in die Gegenwart geschildert.This book presents the history of deaf education in Hamburg for the first time: from Samuel Heinicke\u27s School for the Deaf in phonetic language to the recognition of German Sign Language. The life of deaf people in Hamburg from the 18th century to the present day is vividly depicted
Gedenkstätten und Social Media: Chancen für partizipative und dialogische Formate der digitalen Geschichtsvermittlung
Get PDFUnterwegs in eine Welt des Verstehens : Gehörlos in Hamburg ; Die Geschichte der Hamburger Gehörlosenbildung von 1769 bis 2000
No full textDer Koffer als Symbol in der Erinnerungskultur
Get PDFIn der Reichspogromnacht vom 9. November 1938 wurden 1.400 Synagogen und Beträume, Tausende Wohnungen und Geschäfte von Jüdinnen und Juden zerstört und geplündert; mehr als 30.000 Männer in Konzentrationslager verschleppt, ungefähr hundert wurden ermordet. Dieser vielfach als "Reichskristallnacht" bezeichnete Pogrom, die "Katastrophe vor der Katastrophe" (Dan Diner), war der Startschuss für die Verdrängung der Juden aus der Wirtschaft und die Arisierung jüdischen Eigentums. Er stellte eine Brutalisierung im Umgang mit der jüdischen Bevölkerung dar und war zugleich ein Schritt in Richtung Schoah. Die 75-jährige Wiederkehr der Reichspogromnacht vom 9. auf den 10. November 1938 war für das Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein Anlass, dieses Ereignis im Kontext der jüdischen und der Landes- sowie der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltgeschichte erstmals in einer eigenen Ausstellung mit dem Schwerpunkt auf dem Norden Deutschlands zu präsentieren. Die Ausstellung entstand in enger Zusammenarbeit mit der Universität Flensburg und der Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Schleswig-Holstein. In Schleswig wurde sie von einer Vortragsreihe begleitet, deren Beiträge, ergänzt durch weitere Aufsätze, in diesem Band dokumentiert sind. Abbildungen aus der Ausstellung illustrieren die Texte.During the Reichspogromnacht between November 9th and 10th, 1938, in Germany and Austria 1400 synagogues and other Jewish institutions as well as thousands of Jewish homes and shops were destroyed. More than 30.000 men were deported, and at least 100 killed. This pogrom, frequently referred to as „Reichskristallnacht“, marked the beginning of political and economic persecution of Jews in Nazi Germany, and an increasingly brutal treatment of the Jewish minority, thus paving the way for the Holocaust. With regards to the 75th annual recurrence of the Reichspogromnacht, the Landesarchiv Schleswig-Holstein in 2013 presented an exhibition centered around the events of that night in Northern Germany. This exhibition was prepared in close cooperation with the University of Flensburg and the Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Schleswig-Holstein. It was accompanied by a series of lectures that are included in this book as well as some of the illustrations displayed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
