171,361 research outputs found
Zivilgesellschaft aus politiktheoretischer Perspektive
No full textSchade J. Zivilgesellschaft aus politiktheoretischer Perspektive. In: Groh K, Weinbach C, eds. Zur Genealogie des politischen Raums. Politische Strukturen im Wandel. Wiesbaden: VS-Verlag; 2005: 131-154
Die kulturelle Konstruktion der neuen Ordnung. Zum Zusammenhang von Demokratisierung und Gesundheitspolitik in der amerikanischen Besatzungszone
No full textEllerbrock D. Die kulturelle Konstruktion der neuen Ordnung. Zum Zusammenhang von Demokratisierung und Gesundheitspolitik in der amerikanischen Besatzungszone. In: Groh C, ed. Öffentliche Ordnung im Nachkriegsdeutschland. Pforzheimer Gespräche zur Sozial-, Wirtschafts- und Stadtgeschichte. Vol 2. Ubstadt-Weiher: Verl. Regionalkultur; 2002: 109-125
Monilearia (Lyrula) tubaeformis Alonso & Groh, sp. nov.
No full textMonilearia (Lyrula) tubaeformis Alonso & Groh, sp. nov. Type locality. Lomo del Aceituno, Fuerteventura (UTM: 28 RES 8839, 350 m altitude). Holotype. TFMC (MT 0390); leg. M.R. Alonso and M. Ibáñez, 30 Dec 1993. Paratypes. 127 paratypes (56 ethanol specimens and 71 shells, collected between 1987 and 2004), CGH (42 paratypes), CKW (38 paratypes) and AIT (47 paratypes). Etymology. The name tubaeformis refers to the shell form, resembling a bugle. Distribution and habitat (Fig. 1). The species is endemic to Fuerteventura. It occurs at an altitude of 300–600 m, in dry open areas of arid subtropical shrub and small ravines, mostly with Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton, 1789, mainly under stones. Description. Soft body brownish, the dorsum moderately darker than the sides. Shell (Table 2; Fig. 3 G) with a flat or even sunken spire, and with a twice significantly angulated periphery. It embraces about 3 ½ whorls, separated by an only slightly impressed suture. The umbilicus is eccentric, deep and very wide. The last quarter of the bodywhorl descends considerably in respect to the prior quarter, the last part becoming completely separated from the coil, being bended down — and outwards and widened a bit (approx. 0.2–0.25 mm), resembling the bell of a tuba and showing some variability in its length and inclination (Fig. 4). The aperture is well rounded, only with a small angulation in its outer edge. The peristome is free, its edges all around slightly reflected, forming a narrow white lip approximately 0.25 mm wide. The peculiar ornamentation of the teleoconch is of the Lyrula type (Fig. 3 H) but very much developed, being stronger at the lateral and ventral parts of the shell. At the dorsum it is formed by numerous fine radial riblets which bear in regular intervals raised glossy lobulations which are placed such that they give the appearance of 5–6 spiral costulations that form a reticulation with the radial riblets. The lateral and ventral part exhibits 8–9 significant spiral lobulated ribs, which are not interrupted by the radial riblets; in the contact zone between a spiral rib and each two radial riblets, a nodule is differentiated (Fig. 3 H). Additionally, between each two contiguous spiral ribs there are several fine, regular spiral riblets which are crossed by the radial riblets. The protoconch is slightly prominent, brown, with 1 – 1 ¼ whorls, initially smooth (approximately ¼–½ whorls) and its distal part bearing fine radial riblets. The teleoconch is coloured light brown, patterned with narrow, darker, irregular radial flames. FIGURE 5. Drawings of genital systems. A. Monilearia tubaeformis sp. nov., paratype from Vega de Río Palmas; B–C. Monilearia multipunctata; from Casas de Ugán; C. genital system with the distal male duct duplicated; A 1 –A 5, parts of the vaginal stimulator appendix (terminology after Schileyko, 1984: 39, fig. 18); a, atrium; bc, bursa copulatrix; e, epiphallus; f, flagellum; p, penis; r, retractor muscle; sp, spermoviduct. The kidney measures less than half of the lung length; secondary ureter extremely short, almost absent. Genital system (Fig. 5 A; 3 specimens dissected): Atrium similar in length to distal male duct (between atrium and penis retractor muscle insertion), which measures about ½ of the length of the proximal portion of the epiphallus and ½ than that of the flagellum. The penis retractor muscle inserts at the epiphallus. The penis is slightly widened. The vagina is very short, its diameter similar to that of the free oviduct. The duct of the bursa copulatrix is long. The branched glandular portion (A 5) of the vaginal stimulator appendix is split into two digitlike, thin ducts that are slightly longer than the A 4 portion. Remarks. The special shell ornamentation of M. tubaeformis and M. multipunctata is of the same type as that of Helix loweana, being a synapomorphy of these species. Because of this, the three species are placed in the supraspecific taxon Lyrula. The genital system of M. tubaeformis and M. multipunctata is of the same type as that of M. phalerata and M. inops, indicating that Lyrula is a subgenus of the genus Monilearia, whose phylogenetic relationships within the family Cochlicellidae were recently established (Ibáñez et al. 2003). M. tubaeformis is a species unambiguously different from all of the other Cochlicellidae species because of its very distinctive shell characters. It is less adapted to the driest conditions than M. multipunctata, which also colonized the Jandía Peninsula (Fig. 1). M. tubaeformis lives at a higher altitude, with more environmental humidity. It has been unable to cross the desertlike barrier of sand dunes occupying the isthmus of the Jandía Peninsula (“El Jable”) to colonize the South of the island.Published as part of Ibáñez, Miguel, Groh, Klaus, Alonso, María R. & Castillo, Carolina, 2006, The subgenus Monilearia (Lyrula) Wollaston, 1878 (Gastropoda: Helicoidea: Cochlicellidae) from Lanzarote and Fuerteventura (Canary Islands), with the description of Monilearia (Lyrula) tubaeformis sp. nov., pp. 29-41 in Zootaxa 1320 on pages 37-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17400
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Italian populations of Viola pumila Chaix. Their ecological and genetic characterization for an integrated conservation strategy.
No full textThe Italian populations of Viola pumila Chaix. Their ecological and genetic characterization for an integrated conservation strategy
Buldrini F.1, Dallai D.1, Conte L.2, Del Prete C.1, Ferrari C.2
1 Dep. of Biology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
2 Dep. of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, University of Bologna
Viola pumila Chaix is an Eurasian species linked to large alluvial grasslands. Ecology and conservation problems of its Central European populations have been studied by Hölzel (2003), Eckstein & al. (2004, 2006, 2009) and Danihelka & al. (2009). In Italy, it grows only in 4 Po valley sites, in grasslands and fresh meadows regularly mown, along ditches and cultivated fields. These populations are peripheral with respect to the European distribution of the species. They contain a very low number of individuals in each site (max. 46) and are very distant and strictly isolated from the nearest populations of Central Europe. According to IUCN (2001), this species is critically endangered in Italy (Buldrini & Dallai, in press).
Since the best conservation strategy for endangered species implies a detailed knowledge of habitat requirements as well as of its genetic diversity, an ecological characterization of the 4 sites is in progress, by Ellenberg’s Indexes modified by Pignatti & al. (2005). Moreover, the genetic diversity of the Italian populations of the species will be evaluated through ISSR markers: semi-arbitrary anchored primers designed from tandem repeat motifs of microsatellites will be used to estimate the level and the distribution of genetic diversity and to provide suggestions for effective conservation programs.
A comparison between Italian populations and Central European ones will performed in the next stage of the research.
Eckstein R.L., Danihelka J., Hölzel N., Otte A. (2004), Acta Oecol. 25: 83–91
Eckstein R.L., Hölzel N., Danihelka J. (2006), Perspect. Pl. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 8: 45-66
Eckstein R.L., Danihelka J., Otte A. (2009), Biologia 64/1: 69-80
Danihelka J., Niklfeld H., Šípošová H. (2009), Preslia 81: 151-171
Hölzel N. (2003), Folia Geobot. 38: 281-298
Pignatti S., Menegoni P., Pietrosanti S. (2005), Braun-Blanquetia 39: 1-9
Dopamine-antagonistic, anticholinergic, and GABAergic effects on declarative and procedural memory functions
No full textDeclarative and procedural memory functions are related to dissociable neuroanatomic substrates. In the present study differential effects of pharmacologically induced changes in dopaminergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic activity in the brain on declarative (object and face recognition, immediate and delayed word recall) and procedural memory processes (compensatory tracking) were investigated. In a double-blind design, either 3 mg of haloperidol, 11 mg of midazolam, 1 mg of scopolamine, or placebo were administered to 80 healthy volunteers randomly assigned to one of the four drug conditions. Although all three drugs produced a detrimental effect on immediate and delayed word recall, recall performance was substantially more impaired by the benzodiazepine midazolam than by either haloperidol or scopolamine. While recognition of faces was affected by neither of the drugs, performance on object recognition was significantly decreased by midazolam as compared to placebo. Procedural learning was markedly impaired by all drugs but, again, the observed effect was most pronounced with midazolam. Additional analyses of measures of subjective activation, cortical arousal, and psychomotor performance argued against the assumption that the observed memory-impairing effects were secondary to drug-induced sedation. The overall pattern of results revealed that memory processes are much more susceptible to changes in GABAergic than in dopaminergic or cholinergic neurotransmitter activity. Furthermore, the present findings point to the conclusion that the modulating effects of dopaminergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurotransmitter systems on declarative and procedural memory functions are less specific than suggested by neuropsychological studies in patients. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
- …
