1,720,972 research outputs found
Effectiveness and feasibility of strategic memory advanced reasoning training in young women with stroke: A pilot study
No full textYoung women are increasingly affected by stroke. Consequently, these young women are often challenged by executive function deficits that may last for years post stroke. Executive function challenges can impact global functioning including daily living skills, social integration, psychosocial functioning, and overall occupational wellbeing. Additionally, there are limited training programs within the rehabilitation system that are designed to address executive function deficits. Limited research exists outlining the availability, feasibility and efficacy of training programs on executive function in young women with stroke. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of a top down, gist-based cognitive training program called Strategic Memory Advanced Reasoning Training (SMART) in young women with stroke. The study also aimed to compare changes in executive function and daily living skills between young women with stroke and a control group. Eight women with stroke and eight age and education matched controls completed the study. Each participant underwent assessment at two time periods (one pre- and one post- SMART) as well as 10 sessions of SMART over 5 weeks. Assessment battery included measures of executive function, daily living skills, cognitive self-efficacy, community integration, and psychosocial functioning, as well as feasibility and goodness of fit of the SMART program. Participants with stroke demonstrated improvements in executive function, cognitive self-efficacy, and stress following the SMART program, but did not demonstrate statistically significant improvements as compared to the control group. The results demonstrate that SMART can help improve executive function in young women. Additionally, post SMART effects were also evident in daily life function, self-efficacy, stress, overall well-being, and occupational adaptation in young women with stroke. Feasibility was also rated highly for the SMART program, as participants in the stroke group highlighted generalizable strategies, power of group dynamics, and ability to navigate challenging situations in daily life as valuable components of the SMART program. This study serves as a foundation for larger scale studies examining the efficacy of SMART and executive function improvement in young women with stroke
Faculty perspectives on the development of creative thinking in entry level occupational therapy students
No full textCreativity has been part of occupational therapy (OT) since the field began (Hall, 1918; Slagle, 1939). Today, creative thinking is still valued in OT but we know little about how practitioners apply it (Fletcher, 2010). We know even less about how creative thinking is taught or viewed in OT education (Boiselle, 2015).
This mixed methods study explores how entry level OT faculty view and teach creative thinking. Participants (N=435) were recruited from entry level masters and clinical doctorate programs across the United States. The faculty provided information on how they seek to stimulate creative thinking in their students. Additionally, faculty members provided descriptions of assignments they felt required creativity. The survey also gathered demographic information including the number of years of experience participants had in clinical practice and teaching.
Quantitative analysis of the data revealed descriptors of an assignment requiring creativity had significant relationships with faculty clinical and academic experience as well as how they evaluated the final product of the assignment. However, the descriptors and forms of evaluation holding a significant relationship were not always related. This disconnection between the description of the assignment and its evaluation leads to questions about the underlying process of creating an assignment requiring creativity and choosing a grading strategy.
Qualitative analysis of the ways faculty members promote creative thinking yielded 4 primary themes; assignment instructions and types, assignment process, environment, and instructor influence via interactions. These themes make up the foundation of the Creative Process of the Occupational Therapy Student. The information derived from this study may serve as a foundation for understanding how occupational therapy faculty seek to encourage creative thinking in their students
Train to Move: A Sensory Approach to Functional Fitness to Promote Movement and Play in Youth
Get PDFThe Center for Disease and Control (2022) have implemented guidelines for over a decade suggesting a recommended amount of daily physical activity, however a high proportion of children and adolescents in the United States are physically inactive (Mitchell, 2019). Encouraging lots of movement and play can help build a strong foundation in which children understand that being physically active can and should be a healthy habit throughout their lives. Incorporating use of sensory-based occupational therapy can provide a fun and enjoyable approach to functional fitness and promote movement and play, especially for youth who may have special sensory needs. Therefore, the purpose of this capstone was to explore use of sensory-based approaches to functional fitness.https://soar.usa.edu/otdcapstonesfall2022/1011/thumbnail.jp
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Occupational Therapy Return to Work Program For Individuals Following a Traumatic Brain Injury
Get PDFIndividuals with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) often experience difficulty returning to the workforce and lack the necessary resources to facilitate a successful return to work. This capstone project focuses on developing a resource that equips occupational therapists with tools and resources to provide valuable and effective return to work services for this population.https://soar.usa.edu/otdcapstones-spring2022/1049/thumbnail.jp
Exploring the Experiences and Adaptation Strategies of People Who Develop Work-Related Musculoskeletal Symptoms After Working from Home During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Get PDFAt the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought many “new ways of life” to people everywhere. The transition from working in an office to working from home forced many individuals to adapt to a new normal. This capstone research study used qualitative case study methodology to provide a detailed look into the challenges and adaptive process of three employees working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. This capstone study describes the lived experiences of individuals working from home and how they adapted in response to the onset of upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms. Using the Theory of Occupational Adaptation, the researcher provides insight into the participants’ experiences, occupational challenges, level of dysfunction, and how they adapted, including physical, ergonomic, and psychosocial factors.https://soar.usa.edu/otdcapstones-spring2022/1051/thumbnail.jp
- …
