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Photograph - Griffiths, John
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/283644Griffiths, John286514
Item: [2003.0003.00622] "Photograph - Griffiths, John
Introducing health promotion principles in the workplace
No full textThis chapter has taken a broad look at the principles that underpin workplace health promotion. We began with an examination of the concept of health and health promotion while also considering the determinants of health. We saw how our understanding of health has developed from the simple absence of disease through the classic WHO definition of 1948 to an appreciation that people are to be found on a health spectrum and that it is more important to consider the person as a whole and the very determinant of its own level of health, and what can be done to improve it, rather than the level of illness that they may be experiencing.
In Chapter 1 we also examined the principles of the Ottawa Charter and explored the term ‘health promotion’ and how this has evolved to recognize the influence of broader social policies, the living and working environments in which people find themselves and that the promotion of health requires action to be taken not just with the individual but also in the settings in which people live out their lives.
The workplace is therefore a very important setting for health promotion action – it enables a large group of people to be reached in a setting where change can be encouraged (both corporate change and individual change) and in which factors that influence health can be modified for the better.
Chapter 2 involved a closer look at the determinants of health. The range of factors explored indicates just how many factors influence health ranging from genetic traits, through the physical and social environments to socio-economic status, educational achievement, and access to health care as well as individual lifestyle factors.
A wide variety of factors influence health – some within the control of the individual, some less so. This leads us to the conclusion that the workplace offers an opportunity to health promoters to minimize the impact of risks to health and well-being be they psychosocial, behavioural or physiological while also having the potential to bring about significant benefits in terms of employee health and well being and potentially the health and well being of their families and the social groups to which they belong.
In Chapter 3 we explored work as a determinant of health noting that work is good for people – so long as the balance between positive aspects of work are not cancelled out, or overwhelmed by the negative aspects. Work is therefore a pivotal point in terms of the levels of health enjoyed / lost by employees. Work related risk factors to health were identified and explored and it was clearly observed that just as it can influence health for good, the world of work can also cause harm – in order to be seen as a ‘healthy workplace’ an organisation needs to have addressed the risk to health issues in a way that results in the negative consequences being reduced to as near zero as possible.
Demographic change and population ageing and their impacts on employment were considered as were changes in the pace of work, time spent at work, the flexibilisation of work and the impact of these in terms of increased risk to the safety of employees. The relationship between training and employability was seen as being vital.
Our attention turned to the meaning of the term workplace health promotion in Chapter 4. Different approaches to WHP were considered with the conclusion being drawn that the placing of WHP as a core element within any organisation's ethos and culture being advantageous when compared with the risk factor and lifestyle focused approaches. One of the main reasons for this position of advantage being that the corporate approach leads to a greater level of sustainability. The relationship between workplace health promotion and the WHO Ottawa Charter was described as was the clear link between WHP and wider society.
The practical implications of adopting a WHP programme at company level were explained with the conclusion being drawn that WHP can and possibly should affect every part of an organisation in terms of the way that it operates and the way in which it treats its staff.
These issues were further developed in our exploration of the relationship between health and safety, occupational health and workplace health promotion in Chapter 5 The special role of occupational health in promoting the health and well being of workers was recognised with reference being made to several landmark documents which highlight this fact. The major conclusion to be drawn from this chapter however is that the three disciplines (health and safety, occupational health and workplace health promotion) all have an important role to play in promoting the health and well being of workers, and this role is best fulfilled when the three disciplines are working in partnership.
Chapter 6 began with a description of the criteria used to classify workplace health promotion initiatives. Criteria applicable to individual and corporate approaches were discussed and the point was made that it can be argued that the most effective interventions are those which impact on the individual through organisational change. Five categories of WHP were identified including the medical model together with the role of occupational health professionals, occupational / industrial hygienists and health and safety experts, and the social change model which relies on the engagement and participation of employees in organisational life. An important feature to note is that the most comprehensive forms of WHP will build on several of the models rather than just one in isolation.
The implications for policy practice and research were discussed in Chapter 7, and it was noted that the health sector, in addition to having a direct role in promoting the health of its own employees also has an indirect role in advocating and supporting workplace health activities in non-health service settings. The role of the health sector in promoting broad social policy reform was noted as were a number of research priorities connected with the promotion of health and well being at work.
After pointing out some issues that confirm the necessity, for who has a main role in promoting and/or protecting the health of the population, have been indicated ten “recommendations”, key issues necessary to cosider/implement in order to create a positive environment for the development of healthy enterprises.
It is vitally important to win over key decision makers who may hesitate when it comes to the promotion of employee health and well being. Many people who are in this group count WHP as a cost rather than an investment and fail to recognise the benefits that can be accrued by the organisation as well as its workers. Chapter 8 presented data on return on investment with the measurements overwhelmingly demonstrating that the benefits of WHP outweigh any costs that might be incurred.
The final chapter of this module presented the need for a developmental approach to workplace health promotion, an approach that is based on the project management cycle. Such an approach provides an organisation with a clear pathway to follow, and demonstrates commitment to the workforce, and once again leads to the development of a more sustainable set of activities. In contrast, it can be strongly argued that adopting an ad hoc, unplanned and piecemeal approach may well lead to a poorer set of outcomes, disenchantment with WHP on the part of some or all of the key stakeholders, disengagement of the workforce and a lack of sustainability
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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