1,721,041 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Binding activities of a repertoire of single immunoglobulin variable domains secreted from Escherichia coli
No full textIN antibodies, a heavy and a light chain variable domain, VH and VL, respectively, pack together and the hypervariable loops on each domain contribute to binding antigen. We find, however, that isolated VH domains with good antigen-binding affinities can also be prepared. Using the polymerase chain reaction, diverse libraries of VH genes were cloned from the spleen genomic DNA of mice immunized with either lysozyme or keyhole-limpet haemocyanin. From these libraries, VH domains were expressed and secreted from Escherichia coli. Binding activities were detected against both antigens, and two VH domains were characterized with affinities for lysozyme in the 20 nM range. Isolated variable domains may offer an alternative to monoclonal antibodies and serve as the key to building high-affinity human antibodies. We suggest the name 'single domain antibodies (dAbs)' for these antigen binding demands.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Development, integration and application of modules for droplet-based microfluidics
No full textLa miniaturisation est devenue un concept puissant influençant la plupart des disciplines scientifiques. Révolutionnant au départ l’électronique et l’informatique, elle s’est alors étendue aux domaines de la microélectromécanique et plus récemment à ceux de la microfluidique.
Le travail réalisé dans cette thèse touche aux trois principaux domaines de recherche de la microfluidique en gouttes: la physique, la science des matériaux ainsi que les applications de criblage. Des modules et des principes novateurs pour la manipulation de gouttes ont été développés et caractérisés. Un module permet de trier des gouttelettes suivant leur différence de taille plutôt que selon leur contenu. Un autre développement concerne un module original de synchronisation de gouttes qui peut créer des paires de gouttes avec une précision quasi parfaite. Le module présentant le plus large intérêt est probablement le développement d’une ligne de délai pour une incubation sur puce.
Grâce à ces efforts, il a donc été possible d’intégrer plusieurs modules en gouttes fonctionnant l’un avec l’autre sur une puce unique, afin de créer des dispositifs complexes utiles pour les applications de criblage comme par exemple, l’évolution dirigée d’enzymes. Un autre développement concernant les applications de criblages est un système de dilution permettant de générer plusieurs ordres de grandeur de concentrations d’un composé pour réaliser des criblages à haut débit avec des données statistiques de qualité largement supérieure aux méthodes conventionnelles.
En plus la microfluidique en gouttes a été utilisée pour synthétiser des nano-particules d’oxyde de fer via une réaction très rapide et aisément contrôlable.Miniaturization has become a powerful concept influencing almost every scientific discipline. Initially revolutionizing electronics and computing, it has soon expanded into the microelectromechanical and more recently microfluidic fields. Here, channels which are often thinner than a human hair are used to manipulate micro- to picoliter amounts of reagents to reduce costs and increase sensitivity by the special mechanisms present at these size scales.
The work performed within this thesis involves physics, material sciences and screening applications. Novel droplet
manipulation modules and principles have been developed and characterized. One module enables to sort droplets by
size differences rather than on its content. Another development concerns a novel droplet synchronization module
which can create droplet pairs with an almost perfect accuracy. Probably the most broadly useful module is the
development of an on-chip incubation delay-line. Due to these efforts it was possible to integrate several dropletbased modules functionally with each other on a single chip, in order to create complex devices useful for screening applications as e.g. directed evolution of enzymes. Another development concerning screening applications is a dilution system enabling to adjust and ramp concentrations of a compound over several orders of magnitude, allowing to perform quantitative high-throughput screening with a statistical data quality far in excess of conventional methods.
Additionally to these biological applications the microfluidic droplets have been used to synthesize superparamagnetic iron-oxide nano-particles in a very fast and well controllable reaction
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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