10,409 research outputs found
Sedimentary Archives of Environmental Change and Human Impact in a Shallow Embayment
No full textThis research uses a series of deep (1.5 - 5m) sediment cores collected from sub-tidal sediment of a shallow bay to explore connectivity within the catchment to coast continuum. Specifically, this thesis investigates; 1) the variation in sediment yield of a coastal catchment subject to widespread land-use changes, 2) Historical trends in metal pollution in a shallow bay and the relative impact of a high magnitude flood. 3) Relative changes in coastal primary production and algal community shifts following land use changes in the adjacent catchment, and 4) Long-term climatic features of the eastern Australian subtropics preserved in these fluvial marine sediments. Together, the research presented demonstrates value of these sedimentary archives in providing novel insights into the dynamics of the coastal zone. Coasts receive mineral and organic sediments transported from catchments through run-off. Mineral sediments provide important physical habitats for intertidal and marine organisms, while nutrients support high rates of productivity contributing to the ecological and functional diversity of coastal oceans. The modification of coastal catchments through human disturbance including; land clearing, impoundment construction, industrial, urban and agricultural activities have significantly altered the flux of this material from drainage basins to coastal environments. In many cases these changes have had negative impacts on valuable coastal ecosystems.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EnvironmentScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
S.W. Griffith: A Suitable Case for Indictment?
No full textIn his 2021 book ‘Truth-Telling: History, Sovereignty and the Uluru Statement’, Henry Reynolds called for an inquiry into the historical record of Samuel Walker Griffith, Federation ‘father’ and first Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia. Reynolds’ iconoclasm targeted a historical figure whose name is memorialised in a Riverina town, a Canberra suburb and a Queensland university. Reynolds charged that Griffith was morally and politically responsible for the violence carried out by an agency of the Queensland government, the Native Police. This historically grounded allegation relates to Griffith\u27s pre-Federation Queensland political career, 1874–93, when he served intermittently as Premier, Attorney-General and Colonial Secretary. In this article we consider the historical record of S.W. Griffith as law-maker and ministerial decision-maker, asking what elements of fact and context may be brought to the important work of reckoning with a violent colonial past and its memorialisation in the present
A Conversation with Lauren Griffith and Jonathan Marion: Apprenticeship Pilgrimage
No full textIn this installment of Lexington Books\u27 Anthropology of Tourism: Heritage, Mobility and Society Author Conversations, series editor Michael A. Di Giovine talks to anthropologists Lauren Miller Griffith, a practitioner of capoeira; and Jonathan Marion, a practitioner of competitive ballroom dance, on their book, Apprenticeship Pilgrimage. Accessibly written with rich case studies and ground-breaking concepts, Apprenticeship Pilgrimage extends the tourism and pilgrimage literature. This lively discussion touches on the slippery ideas of pilgrimage, tourism and authenticity; the concepts of communitas and concursus , and about the quest for practitioners of embodied art forms to gain knowledge, prestige, and legitimacy
Population Structure, Migration and Habitat Ecology of the Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) in the Grand Lagon Sud of New Caledonia
No full textConservation management of wildlife populations requires a comprehensive understanding of the population structure, movement and ecology of threatened and endangered species. The green turtle, Chelonia mydas, is a species found in both tropical and subtropical waters worldwide and since 1982 is listed as endangered on the IUCN red list of threatened species. While C. mydas is afforded protection in many areas of the Pacific it still faces significant threats, both anthropogenic (e.g. by-catch from commercial and recreational fishing, directly targeted as a food sources by in-digenous groups and boat strikes) and environmental (e.g. climate change, coastal pollution and habitat degradation). These threats are real for C. mydas in New Caledonia (NC), however strate-gies to mitigate the threats are lacking as vital information on the C. mydas population structure, movement patterns and habitat use in NC is scant. Proof of C. mydas migration within the South-west Pacific, including linkages with NC and other Pacific countries, has been shown however more comprehensive data is needed. Furthermore, preliminary data suggest the Grand Lagon Sud (GLS) in NC provides important foraging grounds for C. mydas. However, identifying the spatial extent and habitat value of these foraging grounds is a challenge due to the complexity of the C. mydas life cycle and the species tendency for large scale migrations.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EngineeringScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
The Application of Dendroclimatology to Reconstruct Long-Term Rainfall Records for Subtropical Southeast Queensland, Australia
No full textIn the tropical and subtropical regions of eastern Australia multidecadal periods of floods and droughts have major economic and environmental consequences. Due to the short duration of instrumental rainfall records in this region the temporal pattern
of these extreme events is poorly understood. Subtropical Southeast Queensland (SEQ) is one area that frequently experiences floods and droughts and is lacking in both instrumental rainfall records and sources of proxy data. There are old growth forest stands found in National Parks where dendroclimatology, the reconstruction of climate using tree-rings, can be applied. Tree rings have been widely utilized in temperate environments to provide annually-resolved centennial-scale climate information. However, in tropical and subtropical regions dendroclimatology has been underutilized, as many species in these regions are difficult to analyse. These species have short life-spans, poorly preserved timber, and are believed to exhibit numerous ring anomalies making dating of ring series difficult. Due to this, few species have been analysed for relationships between tree growth and climate. Recent reviews of both tropical and Australian dendrochronology have suggested that if a multi-technique approach is applied more species could be found suitable for use in reconstructing climate. This thesis first reviews the dendroclimatological history of Australia evaluating 36 studies across the continent that examined tree and shrub species for growth-climate
relationships. This review showed that all four climate zones of Australia; temperate, arid, tropical, and subtropical, contained species that had the potential to provide high-quality, long-term climate reconstructions in areas under represented by
instrumental data. Only four climate reconstructions have been developed in Australia. In all of these studies a combination of traditional ring-width measurements and modern analysis techniques allowed for the reconstructions to be developed. Several species located in SEQ had been assessed for growth-climate relationships and were found to grow as a result of rainfall conditions, with trees in the Araucariaceae family demonstrating the most potential. These trees are longer lived than most tropical/subtropical species, are known to put on annual rings, and grow as a result of environmental conditions which led them to be targeted in this thesis. Secondly, to test the spatial patterns of SEQ rainfall the instrumental data network was evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis undertaken on 140 rainfall stations active during 1908 to 2007. Stations are clustered into groups that correlate at r = 0.80, 0.85, and 0.90 levels. The pattern produced indicates that rainfall across SEQ is not uniform with correlated groups being separated by the Great Dividing Range with both coast-inland and north-south separations. To determine the effect this spatial variability has on the spatial applicability of rainfall reconstruction, the 140-year Toona ciliata tree-ring width record developed by Heinrich et al. (2009) is compared with the different rainfall groups and subgroups observed across SEQ.
The rainfall reconstruction is found to best represent the spatial subgroups within which it is contained rather than representing the entire regional rainfall network. This suggests that several sites within SEQ need to be targeted to develop rainfall
reconstructions for the region. Consequently three spatial distributed sites are targeted within SEQ with cores
collected from Araucaria cunninghamii trees in D’Aguilar and Lamington National Parks and Araucaria bidwillii trees in Bunya Mountains National Park. These Araucariaceae cores are assessed for ring anomalies though the application of visual ring dating with false, faint, locally absent, and pinching rings found to be present in both species. However, through the use of bomb-pulse radiocarbon dating of A. cunninghamii samples anomalous rings are identified and annual growth patterns determined. Dendrometers are installed at the Lamington and Bunya Mountains sites to determine the exact growth-climate relationships for these species in SEQ. The amount of growth experienced by these trees is driven by annual rainfall while minimum temperatures are shown to be influencing the start and conclusion of the growth seasons. These results suggest that annual rainfall can be
reconstructed from Araucariaceae trees when dating is verified using radiocarbon dating to account for ring anomalies. Two statistically significant rainfall reconstructions developed from A. cunninghamii trees are then presented. The first is a 69-year rainfall reconstruction for Brisbane developed from the D’Aguilar site. The trees at this location are all found to exhibit faint, indeterminate ring boundaries making them unsuitable for traditional visual ring-dating. A new method is presented using x-radiographs and density patterns scanned using an Itrax core scanner to build this reconstruction. Thirty-nine 12mm cores from twenty trees have their ring boundaries identified on the Itrax produced images based on features visible in the radiographs and the density patterns. Bombpulse radiocarbon dating is performed to verify the chronology. Climate response function analysis demonstrates that growth in driven by Austral annual (June-May) rainfall. The second reconstruction is a 164-year record developed from eighteen trees located in Lamington National Park. A field sampling strategy is applied where multiple cores are collected from the upslope, downslope, and across-slope sides of the study trees to help eliminate anomalous ring issues identified as being prevalent in these species. This chronology is then developed using traditional visual ring identification complemented by bomb-pulse radiocarbon dating to verify and correct the ring counts. Climate response function analysis indicates that Austral annual (June-May) rainfall is driving growth in these trees. Comparisons to both a Brisbane rainfall station (located about 100km from the Lamington site) and a station local to Lamington are undertaken with the rainfall signal at the local site more closely related to tree growth. Drought conditions are well represented by this chronology. The El Niño Southern Oscillation is found to be driving rainfall for the Lamington area but only since the 1940s.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EnvironmentScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Sino-Afghan Relations in the Twenty-First Century: From Uncertainty to Engagement?
No full textWhile the People's Republic of China (PRC) has worked to expand cultural and economic ties throughout it's near abroad and beyond in the last decade with great alacrity, the same cannot be said for its relationship with neighbouring Afghanistan. This paper will explore the history and nature of the Sino-Afghan relationship with an emphasis on the post-9/11 years. It will offer some reasons why the relationship is not as well established as with other countries in the Eurasian region and beyond, and it will explain how the relationship has developed in the last decade. Finally, it will make some suggestions as to what the future of this relationship might hold after the final withdrawal of NATO/ISAF-Afghanistan troops in light of China's often conflicting concerns about and goals in Afghanistan.Full Tex
Habitat Ecology of the Bull Shark, Carcharhinus leucas, on Urban Coasts in Eastern Queensland, Australia
No full textThe habitat ecology of the euryhaline bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) is poorly understood, yet vital for their conservation and management on our rapidly urbanising coastlines. This study investigated the habitat ecology of the bull shark in relation to ontogeny using a variety of approaches, including long-term catch data, acoustic telemetry, chemical indicators for trophic and habitat preferences and conventional methods for dietary analysis.
Fishery-independent data from 1,060 C. leucas caught at ten locations along the east coast of Queensland (17 to 28°S) by the Queensland Shark Control Program (QSCP) from 1996 to 2006 indicated size of sharks captured ranged from 0.6 to 4 m total length (TL). Onset of female maturity was determined at 1.8 to 2 m TL. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) was higher during summer for drumlines and gill nets in tropical north QLD. Significantly larger individuals were caught on both gears in the sub-tropical southeast of Queensland compared to the tropical north. Principal components-regression analysis indicated this difference could be attributed to coastal bathymetry, i.e. distance to the 100 m contour. The number of estuaries in a region also directly influenced the C. leucas catch. General linear models (GLMs) indicated latitudinal differences in CPUE along the eastern Queensland coast with a significant decline in sub-tropical areas.
QSCP data from 1996 to 2007 were analysed to investigate the effects of climate parameters on catch of this species in the nearshore habitat. Conditional generalised linear modelling (CGLM) showed that the numbers of C. leucas caught by both techniques were significantly correlated with total rainfall within eight days prior to capture. C. leucas catch on drumlines increased with prior rainfall > 300 mm and sea surface temperature, as these conditions may encourage feeding in nearshore areas. Pregnant C. leucas caught in gill nets increased with a positive Southern Oscillation Index, suggesting higher pupping during wet periods. Catch of sharks < 2 m in TL in nets increased with prior rainfall and were negatively correlated with lunar phase (i.e. lowest catches during full moon).Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EnvironmentScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Rosamond Siemon, Jonathan Richards, Griffith University, 'The Mayne Inheritance', St. Lucia: UQP, 1997. 214 pages
No full textGriffith Sciences, Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryNo Full Tex
Jonathan Ned Katz Author Event: The Daring Life and Dangerous Times of Eve Adam
No full text“The Daring Life and Dangerous Times of Eve Adams,” interview with author, Jonathan Ned Katz, moderated by Emily Weiner (WWU) and organized by Congregation Beth Israel
Contemporary Literature. Analysis of Jonathan Bazzi's novels
No full textopenDopo una breve panoramica della letteratura italiana degli ultimi vent’anni si analizzano i due romanzi di Jonathan Bazzi "Febbre" e "Corpi minori" dai punti di vista formale, stilistico e tematico. Si discute inoltre il rapporto tra social media, autofiction e autore; nel capitolo 4 si riporta l'intervista che Bazzi ci ha gentilmente concesso, in cui questi argomenti vengono ripresi.
Si individuano alcune differenze che i testi mostrano rispetto alla letteratura moderna, e gli aspetti che hanno in comune con quella contemporanea; nel fare questo si accennano quindi alcune caratteristiche della società che li ha prodotti.The paper starts off with a brief overview of the contemporary Italian literature; then the reader is guided through an analysis of Jonathan Bazzi's novels, "Febbre" ("Fever") and "Corpi minori" ("Minor bodies"), both translated in English and published by Scribe. The relationship between author, autofiction and social media will also be discussed; in chapter four the reader will find the interview Bazzi kindly granted us
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