4,370 research outputs found
Health Risks of Increasing Water Salinity and Water Consumption in Coastal Bangladesh Associated with Climate Change
No full textClimate change and sea level rise will continue to exacerbate existing freshwater salinization and affect large populations in many low-lying countries of the world including in Bangladesh. While ample evidence, mainly based on food consumption, indicates high salt intake causes significant health problems (e.g. elevated blood pressure (BP), hypertension and cardiovascular diseases), the evidence for health effects of consuming highly saline water is limited. In coastal Bangladesh, with over 35 million inhabitants, projected climate change points toward further intensification of the exposure to high salinity in water and presents significant threats to population’s health. Furthermore, in order to better understand potential health risks and assist in developing future response options, data about the water supply situation and consumption is imperative. Such data are scarce. This research aimed firstly to examine the salt (sodium) exposure, and the association between high drinking water salinity and blood pressure (BP) in young adults in coastal Bangladesh. There is currently limited data available about BP on healthy young adults in Bangladesh, particularly from salinity affected coastal areas. Second, this research investigated existing water supply and water consumption in order to explore appropriate adaptation opportunities for actions and strategies.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EnvironmentScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Managing Electronic Product Development and Supplier Integration Activities in Taiwan: The Moderating Role of Knowledge Sharing
No full textThe advent of rapidly advancing information technologies and fierce global competition has forced manufacturing companies to rethink traditional business models and practices. Information systems are widely used for supporting real-time decision making throughout the entire geographically diverse operations of the modern manufacturing company. Additionally, the importance of employee empowerment has been recognised and supported by organisational learning and sharing programs. Undoubtedly, past literature supports the view that the integration of supply chains and innovative product development practices not only involve the more visible flow of tangible resources and assets, but also the integration and reproduction of intangible assets such as expertise and knowledge. Given that integrated supplier management (ISM) and new product development (NPD) are two of the most essential business activities in manufacturing companies and intangible assets have come to the forefront in the knowledge economy, an important issue that has been raised within this context is how the knowledge sharing (KS) process can leverage ISM and NPD activities to gain sustained competitive advantage.
Asia has become the manufacturing centre of the modern world and Taiwanese electronic manufacturing companies have gained a dominant market share in the international information technology (IT) hardware market within a relatively short period of 15 years. It has long been understood how innovative ISM and NPD practices have helped position the Taiwanese electronic manufacturing sector to be a prominent global player, however there is still limited understanding as to how effective KS practices have directly or indirectly contributed to their success. Thus, the primary aims of this study was to provide evidence which supports the concept that KS is an essential enabler for leveraging heightened outcomes from ISM and NPD processes, ultimately generating higher levels of business performance (BP). More importantly, the study also seeks to reveal some of the actual higher order KS practices implemented, which have been pivotal to its leveraging power to these processes, within Taiwanese electronic manufacturing companies. Such deeper insights could serve as invaluable references for their counterparts in the other economies, which are also striving to upgrade the technical and managerial competence of their manufacturing practices. To a large extent, previous research studies have provided a great deal of knowledge about the essential roles of NPD and ISM in improving the BP of manufacturing companies. However, there is still a demand for shifting research focus toward empirical studies that investigate the actual implementation of KS in manufacturing companies; especially to uncover how KS actions interact with other key manufacturing business activities.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EngineeringScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Haemodynamic Tolerance of Patients Following Cardiac Surgery Receiving Vasoactive Medication in Upright Positioning.
No full textIntroduction: Patients undergoing cardiac surgery require post-operative management in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Mobilising patients in the ICU has been shown to have many beneficial effects such as increasing muscle strength and increasing health-related quality of life. As a part of routine management, patients following cardiac surgery are mobilised in ICU if they are considered haemodynamically stable.
However, haemodynamic compromise is common after cardiac surgery, often manifesting as hypotension and reduced cardiac output. As a result these patients may require administration of vasoactive medication while they remain in ICU. Therefore, it can be difficult to know when it may be safe to mobilise patients following cardiac surgery who are receiving vasoactive medication. There is no consensus among ICU experts regarding when it is safe to commence exercise with patients who are receiving vasoactive medication. Concerns may exist about haemodynamic instability that could potentially be exacerbated with upright positioning or mobility.
Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to measure the effect of exercise in upright positioning on haemodynamic parameters of patients following cardiac surgery receiving vasoactive therapy. The secondary aims were to clarify what level of vasoactive medication may allow safe exercise, and determine the incidence of adverse events. Haemodynamic parameters that were measured included heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), stroke volume (SV), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2).
Methods: This was a prospective, single-centre, cohort study conducted in an adult ICU of a tertiary, cardiothoracic university-affiliated hospital in Australia. Ethical clearance and site-specific approval from the Prince Charles Hospital was obtained prior to data collection (HREC 17/QPCH/31). Ethical clearance was also obtained from Griffith University (GU Ref No: 2917/186). Eligible participants were recruited from August 2017 to May 2018. The Flotrac-Vigileo™ system was used to obtain haemodynamic measurements. Subjects were positioned from supine, high sitting, sitting on the edge of the bed, standing, marching on the
spot and then returned to supine where they remained for 5 minutes. Subjects remained in these positions for one minute. A between-within repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to compare haemodynamic variables over various positions and interactions with positions*dose of low versus medium to high levels of vasoactive medication.
Results: Twenty participants were recruited; 16 (80%) male; mean age of 65.9 (10.6) years, with 6 (30%) receiving low dose vasoactive medication and 14 (70%) receiving a moderate to high dose. Upright positioning caused statistically significant increases in MAP (p=0.018), diastolic BP (p=0.008), and RR (p=0.049). At an individual level, clinically significant changes in CO, CI, SV, systolic BP, HR and SpO2 were observed. There was no significant interaction between position and dose of vasoactive medication. One minor adverse event occurred in a participant on low dose Dopamine. This was a transient decrease in MAP, and led to no clinically significant consequences.
Conclusions: Upright positioning led to no clinically significant consequences in this study population. The findings suggest that vasoactive medication alone should not be considered a contraindication to upright positioning in patients following cardiac surgery, and should be explored with a larger sample size.Thesis (Masters)Master of Medical Research (MMedRes)School of Medical ScienceGriffith HealthFull Tex
Return to Country: genomics and the repatriation of ancient Aboriginal Australians
No full textIndigenous people worldwide continue to struggle to repatriate the remains of their ancestors held by national and international organisations. After European settlement of Australia in 1788, Aboriginal Australian remains were deposited in museums worldwide. Many of these remains have no known provenance, making their return to Indigenous custodians difficult. Hence, we sequenced ten nuclear genomes and 27 mitogenomes from ancient pre-European Aboriginal Australians (up to 1,540 yr BP) and compared them to 100 high-coverage contemporary Aboriginal Australian genomes from 12 geographic locations. We report substantial ancient genetic structure showing strong affinities between ancient and contemporary individuals from the same geographic locations. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of identifying the origins of unprovenanced ancestral remains using nuclear DNA, thereby enabling their return to their rightful communities.No Full Tex
Parathyroid hormone effect on facilitating stress fracture repair
No full textStress fractures (SFx) result from repetitive cyclical loading of bone. They are frequent athletic injuries and underlie atypical femoral fractures following long-term bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and BPs, including Alendronate (ALN), have opposing effects on bone dynamics. ALN is an antiresorptive agent that decreases bone turnover, and with prolonged doses of BP the healing of SFxs is delayed. The extent to which intermittent PTH (iPTH) remains effective in the treatment of SFx in the presence of an ongoing BP treatment has not been tested. Starting 24 hours after SFx induction, the effect of a single PTH injection, and daily iPTH injections for 14 days, on the healing of SFx in the rat ulna was investigated. SFx was induced in 330 female Wistar rats (300 +- 15 g) during a single loading session. In the single PTH injection experiment, rats were divided into two groups (n=60). A single PTH (8 [mcg]/100g) or vehicle (VEH) saline injection was administered 24 hours after loading. Ulnae were examined 1, 2, 6 or 10 weeks following SFx.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)School of Medical ScienceGriffith HealthFull Tex
5-year Retrospective study: Comparison of Bariatric surgery outcomes single anastomosis Duodeno-ileostomy vs Sleeve Duodeno-jejunostomy Bypass vs Sleeve gastrectomy alone
No full textIntroduction
The SADI was introduced in the hope to reduce complication rates of the traditional Roux-en-Y. Bariatric surgery is always striving to reduce complications whilst maintaining weight loss. The SADI involves a sleeve gastrectomy and a duodeno-ileostomy with a common channel of 250-300cm. Optimal length for the common channel (CC) and biliary-pancreatic (BP) limb remains contested. The SDJB is similar to the SADI other than the BP limb is shortened to 150cm. Our aim was to confirm a reduction in malabsorptive complications and maintain weight loss over time by shortening BP limb length.
Methods
A 5-year retrospective cohort study was performed at a single surgeon institute. 78 SADI, 57 SDJB patients and a BMI matched cohort of 135 SG patients were identified. Inclusions: BMI 35-70, operation December 2015 – December 2021. Exclusions: revisional ring procedures. Data was collected pre and post operative. Outcomes were EWL% at 5 years, Biochemistry, stool habit and complications.
Results:
Shortening limb length was not significantly different to SADI regarding EWL% at 5 years (p=0.137) yet SADI and SDJB were superior to SG alone in EWL% at 3 and 4 years (p=<0.001 and p=0.017). SDJB was similar to SADI at remission of T2DM with both groups significantly reducing HbA1c compared to SG group (p=0.006, p=0.009 respectively). All groups significantly reduced use of CPAP, Statins and antihypertensives post operative. SDJB group significantly improved post operative daily stool count and consistency compared to SADI group (p=0.03 and p=0.001). SDJB complication rate was comparative to SADI 5.2% and 6.4% respectively with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.189). SDJB had significantly improved levels of selenium, corrected calcium, cholesterol and B12 stores compared to SADI (p=0.041, p=0.001, p=<0.001, p=<0.001).
Conclusion
Shortening limb length (SDJB) proved equal to SADI regarding EWL% over 5 years. With SADI and SDJB groups having significantly higher long term EWL% compared to SG alone. SDJB was significantly better then SADI at reducing bowel motions per day and improving stool consistency. SDJB had significantly improved biochemical markers of malabsorption compared to SADI. Overall, SDJB has similar disease resolution and weight loss to SADI and significantly improved bowel habits. Thus, shortening BPL reduced malabsorptive complications whilst maintaining long term EWL%.Thesis (Masters)Master of Medical Research (MMedRes)School of Medicine & DentistryGriffith HealthFull Tex
Characterisation of the B-Lactamase Gene From Campylobacter Jejuni
No full textThermophilic Campylobacter species such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are recognised worldwide as major causes of acute gastroenteritis in humans. Campylobacteriosis is frequently a mild to moderate self-limited illness and most cases do not require antimicrobial therapy; antimicrobial therapy is necessary for patients with systemic Campylobacter infections, for patients with severe disease, or for immunosuppressed patients. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter species using disk diffusion currently is not standardised by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), however, in order to monitor the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter species, there is a need for standardised or calibrated methods of susceptibility testing. Initially, 90 human clinical isolates of thermophilic Campylobacter species from Southeast Queensland, Australia, were screened for resistance to ampicillin, erythromycin and tetracycline using the disk diffusion susceptibility testing method. Levels of resistance were then determined using E test MIC and agar dilution methods to determine the reliability of disk diffusion results. Results of the disk diffusion testing showed 87 (97%) isolates resistant to ampicillin, 14 (16%) isolates were resistant to tetracycline and three (3.4%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin. Results of disk diffusion testing showed 100% correlation (+1 log2 dilution) with agar dilution for erythromycin and tetracycline, and 77% for ampicillin. E test showed 68% correlation with agar dilution for ampicillin, 100% for erythromycin and 64% for tetracycline. These data suggest that disk diffusion susceptibility testing may be used to screen thermophilic Campylobacter spp. for putative resistance to erythromycin and tetracycline and that the incidence of resistance of Campylobacter spp. to erythromycin and tetracycline is low in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Agar dilution remains the most accurate method for determination of ampicillin susceptibility. Numerical analyses of restriction endonuclease (RE) fragment profiles were performed to elucidate relatedness of the antibiotic resistant isolates and the results suggested a high level of isolate variation. The role of the B-lactamase in the resistance of C. jejuni to various B-lactams has been well documented and B-lactamase production in C. jejuni has been reported in 83-93% of strains. The expression and characterisation of the Campylobacter B-lactamase, however, has not been described. In this work, standard cloning techniques utilising a high-copy number E. coli cloning vector and a previously described E. coli-Campylobacter shuttle cloning vector were unsuccessful in isolation and expression of the C. jejuni B-lactamase gene in E. coli, possibly due to a lack of expression of the campylobacter gene in its host or low efficiency of transformation. Therefore, in order to facilitate the isolation, expression and characterisation of the C. jejuni B-lactamase gene, it was necessary to construct a new E.coli-Campylobacter shuttle cloning vector for the purposes of expressing the C. jejuni B-lactamase in Campylobacter. To aid in the construction of the vector, the sequence and genetic organisation of a 4.0-kb cryptic plasmid, termed pCJ419, identified in a human clinical isolate of C. jejuni was determined. Plasmid pCJ419 is a circular molecule of 4013 bp and contains four open reading frames (ORFs), the products of which share significant sequence similarity with putative proteins from known C. jejuni and C. coli plasmids. ORF-1 encodes a putative mobilisation protein (Mob); ORF-2 and ORF-3 encode proteins which have high identity to putative RepA and RepB proteins, respectively, of known C. jejuni and C. coli plasmids. ORF-4 encodes a protein which has high identity to a hypothetical protein of unknown function, Cjp32, previously described in a pVir plasmid of C. jejuni. Tandem repeating sequences typical of a plasmid replication origin (ori) were identified upstream of the DNA sequences encoding putative replication initiation proteins RepA and RepB. An E. coli-Campylobacter shuttle cloning vector, pGU0202, was constructed using plasmid pMW2 which harbours a Campylobacter-derived kanamycin-resistance gene, aphA(3’)-III. The sequences encoding pCJ419 mob, repA and repB were inserted upstream of aphA(3’)-III resulting in a stable construct of 6174 bp that was used successfully to transform both E. coli and Campylobacter. Subsequently, a novel molecular class D ?-lactamase gene, blaOXA-61, from a B-lactamase-positive, ampicillin-resistant (MIC 64 mg l-1), clinical strain of Campylobacter jejuni, strain GC015 was isolated, cloned and characterized using the newly constructed shuttle vector pGU0202. An open reading frame of 774 bp was identified on a ClaI genomic fragment of 2.2 kb and encodes a protein of 257 amino acids. Conserved motifs composed of identical amino acids typical of penicillin-recognising proteins and specific class D motifs were identified. blaOXA-61 was cloned into the shuttle cloning vector pGU0202 and expressed in B-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-susceptible C. jejuni and E. coli. A conserved 122-bp sequence directly upstream of blaOXA-61 was identified and shown to be required in cis for high-level resistance of Campylobacter to the penicillins although blaOXA-61 expressed only at low levels in E.coli. Southern hybridisation analysis demonstrated that the bla gene was chromosomally encoded and present on the same BglII and ClaI-digested genomic DNA fragments from various strains of Campylobacter with ampicillin MICs of between 4 and 64 mg l-1. In addition, DNA fragments encoding two putative zinc-dependent hydrolases from the metallo-B-lactamase superfamily, designated GLX2-1 and GLX2-2, were identified in a clinical isolate of Campylobacter jejuni, strain 012, cloned and sequenced. A strictly conserved motif, -H-X-H-X-D-, characteristic of the metallo- B-lactamase superfamily of proteins, including the class B metallo- B-lactamases, was identified in both proteins although functional B-lactamase could not be expressed in either E. coli or C. coli transformed using the C. jejuni hydrolase-containing shuttle vector pGU0202. Further work is warranted to determine the exact function of these proteins.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Institute for GlycomicsFull Tex
The Application of New Article 33, Section 4 of Indonesia's Constitution to Indonesia's Upstream Oil and Gas Legal Framework
No full textThis thesis focusses its attention on the rivalry between state control and market control of natural resources in Indonesia. Most recently, this rivalry has been highlighted by the addition of section 4 to Article 33 of the 1945 Indonesian Constitution. Section 4 was added by way of constitutional amendment in 2002. The thesis addresses the impact and implications of this amendment on key sectors of the Indonesian economy, with particular emphasis on the Indonesian oil and gas legal framework. The analysis is situated in the context of inconsistent decisions delivered by Indonesia’s Constitutional Court (the Court) regarding the meaning of,and the requirements imposed by, Article 33. A 2003 decision by the Court, Number 022/PUUI/ 2003, shortly following the addition of section 4, held that the liberalised market principles introduced by the new section allowed for private interests to exploit Indonesian natural resources for profit under the Oil and Gas Law 2001, provided that exploitation was appropriately licenced, regulated and overseen by a governmental supervisory agency. The Oil and Gas Law 2001 had created such an agency for upstream oil and gas known as Badan Pelaksana Minyak dan Gas Bumi (BP Migas). Nine years later in 2012, the Court, without explicitly overruling its 2003 decision, re-established state control of natural resources. It held that the creation and operation of BP Migas was in violation of section 3 of Article 33 and abolished the agency.
The inconsistency of these decisions raises fundamental legal questions involving constitutional interpretation and the economic ordering of the state. I argue that the inconsistency of the decisions is due to the inconclusiveness of amended Article 33 and the juxtaposition of original section 3 (with state control of natural resources) and new section 4 (with allowance for the involvement of private initiative and market forces). The retention of section 3 allowed the pre-amendment interpretation of Article 33, with its emphasis on section 3, to resurface in the Court’s 2012 decision. This pre-amendment interpretation puts the state at centre stage in governing Indonesia’s key economic sectors under Article 33, marginalising private initiative. This thesis argues that the pre-amendment interpretation’s continued control improperly ignores the intendment of section 4 of Article 33.
The argument is divided into two major parts. The first part outlines the background of Article 33 under the Constitution and the nature of its amendment in 2002. I seek to provide the basis for a post-amendment interpretation that maintains a fidelity to Article 33 with its new section 4. I utilise a philosophical approach in this task which is a version of ‘originalism’ in constitutional interpretation discourse. I find that the post-amendment constitutional reading of the new Article 33 section 4 is best situated in Mohammad Hatta’s philosophical idea of social democracy. The post-amendment interpretation allows for the operation of a regulated market economy in the key economic sectors under Article 33, provided that this produces a ‘just’ outcome. This interpretation accords with the original intent of Article 33, established as part of the constitutional deliberations in 1945. This post-amendment interpretation has been overshadowed by the re-emergence of a pre-amendment interpretation that is based exclusively on statism reflected in section 3, which was based on Soepomo’s philosophic idea of ‘integralism’, a form of state socialism (sosialisme negara). Soepomo’s integralism took centre stage in defining Indonesia’s economic and political policy under Article 33. This preamendment interpretation of today must ignore entirely the changed meaning of Article 33 by the addition of section 4.
The second part of the argument of this thesis involves the application of originalist Hattaian ideas in a post-amendment interpretation of Article 33 in the context of Indonesia’s oil and gas resources. By way of case study, a post-amendment interpretation informed by Hatta’s social democratic principles is applied to the Oil and Gas Bill 2017 that is currently being debated – a Bill intended to replace the Oil and Gas Law 2001 when enacted. In addition, I employ a comparative law approach with the aim of demonstrating international best practice related to upstream oil and gas regulatory frameworks. This is intended to illuminate the application of the constitutional requirements under amended Article 33, which in some instances is still unclear and abstract.
I limit this argument to three essential upstream oil and gas regulatory frameworks: the institutional regulatory framework; the model contract framework; and the public participation framework. The institutional regulatory framework governs the role of three key essential institutions: the government agency responsible for the key economic sectors, the National Oil Company (NOC), a state-owned enterprise that is responsible for commercial activity in the upstream sector, and privately owned companies (POCs), either foreign oil companies (FOCs) or private national oil companies (PNOCs) operating in the upstream sector. The model contract regulatory framework defines the relationship between these three key institutions in the exploration and production of oil and gas. Finally, the public participation regulatory framework defines the public’s right to participate in decisions related to oil and gas exploration and production projects that will affect their social, economic, natural and cultural environment. The analysis indicates that a substantive number of the Oil and Gas Bill 2017 stipulations relating to the three essential regulatory frameworks were misaligned with the constitutional requirements, and that some customisation is needed to realign the Oil and Gas Bill 2017 with the constitutional requirements, based on the post-amendment interpretation of Article 33.
My thesis concludes that the requirements of post-amendment Article 33 lie in the aspiration to balance social justice and market forces in the economy, as indicated in the ‘just efficiency’ term, and how those principles apply to the oil and gas legal framework. This finding is important to fill the gap in the existing literatures by focusing more on the preamendment Article 33 sections (2) and (3), notably on the definition of state control. Focusing the discussion on section 4 of Article 33 brings new insight to the theoretical discourse as well as the practical policy-making discourse.
The wording of section 4 of Article 33 includes the phrase ‘just efficiency’. I argue that this wording doesn’t just capture the original intent of the constitutional amendment of 2002, but also captures the intent of Mohammad Hatta’s social democracy ideal laid out in the ‘original’ phrase of Article 33. I have extracted two key constitutional requirements of Article 33 from exploring thehistorical trajectory of the development of Article 33 and the precedent developed by the Constitutional Court. First, the operation of the market is permissible if it is proven to produce both a ‘just’ and an ‘efficient’ outcome. If these two criteria clashes and cannot be reconciled, then the ‘just’ requirement – as an embodiment of the greatest possible prosperity for the people – should prevail over the ‘efficient’ requirement. Second, the ‘just’ outcome in Article 33 can be achieved via two avenues: the role of government in controlling the price of goods and services in the key economic sectors; and the participation of the public in economic development – notably, the indigenous/local people in the vicinity of natural resources or economic development. A robust and stable application of Article 33 in the key economic sectors should therefore be based within the ‘just efficiency’ perspective.
Finally, the application of the requirements of Article 33 suggest that the current Oil and Gas Bill 2017 being debated in the Court does not fall within the requirements parameter. Instead, the Oil and Gas Bill 2017 makes the same mistakes as the previous law regime during the Suharto era, which potentially leads to further corruption and the continuation of an inefficient system in the oil and gas sector.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith Law SchoolArts, Education and LawFull Tex
Investigations in Cardiac Development and Cardiac Regeneration
No full textCardiovascular disease and congenital heart disease impose a massive burden on society around the world. From the cost in terms of lost human lives and diminished quality of life, to the financial expense of ongoing medical treatment, the heart’s inability to effectively repair and regenerate itself presents a major challenge for medical research. The research conducted within this thesis hoped to contribute to our knowledge of the molecular pathways of myocardial development, and to explore the potential of olfactory derived stem cells to repopulate insulted myocardium. A combination of molecular biology and classical embryology techniques were first used to characterise two novel cDNAs identified in an earlier study as being upregulated in the regions of cardiac development within the chick embryo. cDNA and genomic library screening along with RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) produced products which were sequenced to identify both the transcript and genomic sequence for both of the genes. Protein expression constructs were then used to identify the localisation of the encoded proteins, and whole mount in situ hybridisation utilised to identify the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the genes. The first cDNA was identified as the vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila e(y)2 gene, and produces a transcript of approximately 600 bp in the chick with a genomic structure consisting of 5 exons covering approximately 6 Kb. The encoded protein localises to the nucleus. Its expression is ubiquitous both temporally and spatially, which is at odds with its initial method of identification. The second cDNA remains novel at the time of submission, and shows no homology to any characterised genes. This cDNA, named C1-3C, produces two alternative transcripts, one of approximately 700 bp, and a second of 9.9 Kb, with a genomic structure showing no introns within the 2 Kb of analysed sequence. The encoded protein again localises to the nucleus. Expression of the C1-3C gene demonstrated a discrete pattern, though this pattern is again contrary to an up-regulation within the cardiogenic regions. Whilst unfortunately neither of the investigated genes appear to play a direct role in cardiac development, the aim of characterisation of these novel cDNAs was achieved.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)School of Biomolecular and Physical SciencesScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Optimising Aerobic Capacity and Strength in Men Aged 70-80 yrs: The Interaction of Training and Anabolic Hormones
No full textThe purpose of the present study was to: 1. To investigate the effects of sixteen weeks of training (aerobic/resistance) and four weeks of detraining on the cardiovascular system of men aged 70-80 yrs. 2. To investigate the effects of sixteen weeks of training (aerobic/resistance) and four weeks of detraining on the musculoskeletal system of men aged 70-80 yrs. 3. To investigate the effects of sixteen weeks of training (aerobic/resistance) and four weeks of detraining on resting anabolic hormones and the hormonal response to exercise in men aged 70-80 yrs. Methodology Thirty-two previously sedentary men aged 70-80 yrs volunteered to participate in the study. Each subject completed a medical history questionnaire, underwent a detailed medical examination and completed an incremental execise test to volitional fatigue on a cycle ergometer. Pre-training tests included body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), muscular strength, muscular power and rate of force development (RFD), peak oxygen consumption (V02 peak) and peak cardiac output (apeak). During a 30 min sub-maximum cycle exercise test (10 mins @40W, 50% and 70% V02 peak)a, V02 , heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and blood pressure (BP) were measured after each 10 mins of work, pre-training, after 16 wk training and after four wk detraining.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)School of Physiotherapy and Exercise ScienceGriffith HealthFull Tex
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