1,720,957 research outputs found
Rationalité économique et logique de précaution : quelle compatibilité ?
Full text linkIntroduction Dans notre article précédent, nous avons proposé de considérer les situations de précaution comme résultant d’interactions homme-nature particulières, caractéristiques de la civilisation industrielle avancée, où le développement technologique contemporain brouille toujours davantage les pistes tracées par l’évolution naturelle, entraînant l’homme toujours plus loin dans l’inédit, l’incertain et l’inconnu. En réponse à cette évolution technologique préoccupante, nous avons préconi..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Cost of Illness and Contingent Valuation : Controlling for the Motivations of Expressed Preferences in an Attempt to Avoid Double-Counting
Full text linkCette contribution traite de la problématique du double-compte des impacts sur la santé humaine dans le cadre de l’évaluation du coût de la maladie. Un double-compte surgit lorsque des estimations sont utilisées conjointement, alors qu’elles sont issues de méthodes de monétarisation qui se recoupent partiellement. Afin d’y remédier, nous proposons de restreindre le champ d’investigation de chaque méthode à un domaine spécifique d’impacts. De manière à appliquer la méthode d l’évaluation contingente exclusivement à la monétarisation des coût intangibles, nous suggérons une approche en trois temps : (1) laisser les personnes interrogées libre d’évaluer les conséquences auxquelles elles sont sensibles, (2) obtenir de ces personnes des explications sur ce qui motive leur réponse, (3) contrôler l’influence de ces motivations sur leurs évaluations. Cette procédure a été appiquée lors d’une évaluation contingente menée en Suisse. Un traitement économétrique a été utilisé afin de limiter la portée des estimations contingentes aux seules intangibles, permettant ainsi de combiner les méthodes de monétarisation tout en réduisant au maximum le risque de double-compte et de surestimation.This paper addresses the issue of double counting of health impacts in the context of cost of illness valuation. Double counting occurs when estimates are jointly used, which rely on valuation techniques that overlap. As a solution, we propose to limit the scope of each of the valuation method to a specific range of impacts. In order to limit the contingentvaluation method to the exclusive valuation of intangible costs, we propose a three steps approach : (1) leave the respondents free to valuate the consequences which matter to them, (2) elicit respondent’s motivations, (3) control for the influence motivations have on elicited values. This procedure was applied in a Swiss contingent-valuation. An econometric treatment was applied in order to limit the scope of the estimates of the contingent valuation method to intangibles, therefore the possibility to a combination of methods with the risk of double-counting and underestimating costs being kept to a minimum
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Possession et propriété : une approche économique
No full text1. Introduction Les arrangements institutionnels jouent un rôle crucial dans les relations homme-nature (Bromley 1989, 1991, 1992 ; Ostrom 1990 ; Schlager & Ostrom 1992 ; Hanna et al. 1996). D’une part, ils déterminent le type d’interactions que les membres de la société peuvent ou non entreprendre envers leur milieu naturel. D’autre part, ils constituent des facteurs essentiels de pouvoir et de statut social à travers le contrôle qu’ils concèdent envers les ressources naturelles. En ..
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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