1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Effect of age and sex on cardiac force development: an experimental examination using intact human atrial fibers
No full textAlter und Geschlecht sind zwei unabhängige Variablen, die jeden Aspekt des gesunden und kranken Herzens beeinflussen. Steigendes Alter ist als Risikofaktor für nahezu jegliche Pathologie bekannt. Ebenso gibt es eine Reihe an Daten, die dem weiblichen Geschlecht einen kardiovaskulären Gesundheitsvorteil zusprechen. Dennoch bleibt die Interaktion zwischen Geschlecht, Alter und kardiovaskulärer Gesundheit unter dem Einfluss einer Vielzahl an extrinsischen und intrinsischen Faktoren und kann nicht einem einzigen dominierenden Mechanismus zugeschrieben werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, alters- und geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede im myokardialen Kontraktionsverhalten zu untersuchen.
Hierfür wurden klinische Daten von elektiven kardiochirurgischen Patienten mit experimentellen Daten mittels dem intakten Muskelfasermodel verbunden. Humane kardiale Gewebeproben wurden im intakten Zustand elektrisch zur Kontraktion stimuliert und dessen Kontraktionsverhalten gemessen. Die durchgeführten Experimente (n=171) konnten keinen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied im Kontraktionsverhalten zwischen den Muskelfasern von Frauen und Männern zeigen. Lediglich das Alter der Patienten hatte einen Einfluss auf die entwickelte Kraft der Muskelfasern aus dem rechten Vorhof. So zeigte sich mit zunehmendem Alter eine Abnahme der maximalen Kontraktionskraft (p=0.044). Dieser beobachtete Effekt konnte auch in Muskelfasern aus dem linken Vorhof gesehen werden, jedoch weniger stark ausgeprägt. Darüber hinaus konnte eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen der im Muskelfasermodell gemessenen Kraft und der echokardiographisch ermittelten linksventrikulären Ejektionsfraktion nachgewiesen werden. Eine reduzierte LVEF in der echokardiographischen Untersuchung war mit einer verminderten Kraftentwicklung im intakten Muskelfasermodel assoziiert (p=0.019). Da diese Beobachtung den bisherigen etablierten Erkenntnissen in der Literatur entspricht, dient sie zusätzlich als Verifizierung der Qualität und Validität der verwendeten Methode an sich. Die intakte Muskelfasermethode ist auch für die Zukunft eine geeignete und hoch-sensible Methode, um Fragestellungen zu kardiovaskulären Themen weiter zu untersuchen.Age and sex are two independent variables that influence every aspect of the healthy and diseased heart. Increasing age is a well-established risk factor for almost all cardiovascular pathologies. Understanding mechanisms underlying cardiac aging can help us appreciate clinical differences between patients at different stages of life. Likewise, it is becoming increasingly recognized that sex-differences play a key role in the development and presentation of cardiovascular disease, suggesting a potential cardiovascular health advantage to the female sex. Nevertheless, the interaction between gender, age, and cardiovascular health is shaped by a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and cannot be ascribed to a single dominant mechanism. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of age- and sex-specific differences in myocardial contractile behavior.
To achieve this, clinical data from elective cardiac surgery patients was combined with experimental data obtained using the intact muscle fiber model. Vital human cardiac tissue samples were electrically stimulated to contract in their intact state, and contractile behavior was measured. The experiments (n = 171) revealed no statistically significant difference in contractile behavior between muscle fibers from female and male patients. However patient age had a significant impact on the contractile force of muscle fibers from the right atrium, showing a gradual decline in maximal force generation with increasing age (p = 0.044). A similar, though less pronounced, trend was observed in muscle fibers from the left atrium.
Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the force measured in the muscle fiber model and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by echocardiography. Reduced ejection fraction in echocardiographic assessment was associated with diminished force generation in the intact muscle fiber model (p = 0.019). As this observation aligns with established findings in literature, it also serves as a validation of the quality and reliability of the applied experimental method itself. Hence, the intact muscle fiber approach represents a suitable and highly sensitive tool for future studies addressing cardiovascular research questions
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