1,723,621 research outputs found
Lo spettacolo della guerra. I «panorami» delle campagne rivoluzionarie e napoleoniche tra Inghilterra e Francia (1793-1816)
No full textIn 1787 Robert Barker, an Irish painter living in Edinburgh, patented the panorama, an immense circular painting which for the first time allowed viewers to immerse themselves in the canvas. Launched in London in 1791, the panorama rapidly spread throughout Europe, becoming particularly popular in Paris. The aim of this article is to reconstruct the genesis of the panorama industry in London and Paris between 1793 and 1816, a period in which war between France and England monopolized the market. More precisely, the article will investigate the reasons for the success of the military panorama, highlighting its decisive role in the transformation of public imaginary and the spectacularization of war
Immersive Risorgimento: The Panoramas of the Battle of Solferino in France and Italy
No full textThe years between the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century were marked by a great media transformation that led to a process of spectacularisation of politics. The war dimension was decisively affected by this transformation. A whole set of new cultural products offered to the public a virtual participation in war events of the time. Panoramas were the most effective ones, as they allowed for an immersive experience of the battlefields. At the same time, panoramas conquered the interest of institutions which integrated them into their policies of spectacularisation. The aim of this paper is to show how panoramas were crucial in the 19th-century process of militarisation of the imageries, by presenting the Italian unification, the so-called Risorgimento, as a case study. More precisely, the paper will focus on the panoramas devoted to the battle of Solferino (June 24, 1859), in which the Piedmontese and French armies defeated the Austrians. The Panorama of the Battle of Solferino, painted by Jean-Charles Langlois in 1865, and the similarly themed ones exhibited in Milan in 1881 and in Turin in 1884, will be discussed
Visitare il Risorgimento: turismo patriottico e diplomazia della memoria a Solferino e San Martino (1859-1909)
No full textIn the 19th century, battlefields played an increasingly important role in the imaginaries
and sensibilities of the public, establishing themselves as destinations of a new travel
experience that can be defined as patriotic tourism. The article will consider the Italian Risorgimento, presenting the battle of Solferino and San Martino as a case study. More precisely, it will reconstruct the touristic and memorial policies implemented
by the Society of Solferino and San Martino, from the aftermath of the battle until the
celebration of its fiftieth anniversary in 1909, under the different presidencies of Luigi
Torelli, Vincenzo Stefano Breda and Carlo Maluta. A transnational perspective will also
be adopted, analysing touristic flows from abroad and the central role played by French
diplomacy in publicising and promoting the sites of the 1859 Campaign
Dentro la «boutique» filellenica. I «panorami» della Guerra d'indipendenza greca (1821-1832)
No full textIn 1821, the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence sparked a philhellenic mobilization that drew in the European public with a never-before-seen intensity. The media, and military panoramas in particular, played a decisive role in this veritable «Graecomania». Patented in 1787, the panorama consisted in an immense circular canvas, allowing the spectator to be completely immersed in the painted subject. Having faced a crisis with the end of the Napoleonic wars, the military panorama received fresh impetus from the Hellenic conflict, and it became a huge success, especially in Paris and London. Filling a gap in the scientific literature, this article aims to reconstruct the story of the philhellenic panoramas produced in France and England with a transnational perspective, highlighting the innovative ways through which they mediatized and spectacularized the Greek War of Independence. More precisely, the philhellenic season launched two formats: the fixed panorama, perfected in France by Jean-Charles Langlois, and the moving panorama, popularized in England by a varied crowd of stage designers and entertainment entrepreneurs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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