1,721,006 research outputs found
Manifestazioni cliniche della neuropatia autonomica diabetica: valutazione dei sintomi.
No full textLa neuropatia autonomica diabetica (NAD) è
una complicanza frequente del diabete, a insorgenza precoce
e a forte impatto in termini di diagnosi, gestione di malattia
e compromissione della qualità di vita dei soggetti affetti.
Le manifestazioni cliniche della NAD sono numerose e possono
interessare tutti gli organi e apparati; in questo contesto,
la NAD cardiaca è la forma clinicamente più importante
in quanto fattore di rischio per mortalità cardiovascolare.
Il gold standard per la diagnosi di NAD cardiaca è rappresentato
dai test cardiovascolari (cardiovascular autonomic
reflex tests, CARTs), mentre la valutazione dei sintomi in
passato era stata considerata di utilità diagnostica non rilevante
date la bassa specificità dei sintomi e l’indisponibilità
di questionari validati. Pertanto, la seguente rassegna prende
in esame le novità in termini di valutazione e monitoraggio
dei sintomi disautonomici nella NAD
Effect of the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Autonomic Function in Subjects with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Full text linkBackground: In addition to the metabolic effects in diabetes, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists lead to a small but substantial increase in heart rate (HR). However, the GLP-1R actions on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in diabetes remain debated. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluates the effect of GLP-1R agonist on measures of ANS function in diabetes. Methods: According to the Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we conducted a meta-analysis considering clinical trials in which the autonomic function was evaluated in diabetic subjects chronically treated with GLP-1R agonists. The outcomes were the change of ANS function measured by heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac autonomic reflex tests (CARTs). Results: In the studies enrolled, HR significantly increased after treatment (P<0.001), whereas low frequency/high frequency ratio did not differ (P=0.410); no changes in other measures of HRV were detected. Considering CARTs, only the 30:15 value derived from lying-to-standing test was significantly lower after treatment (P=0.002), but only two studies reported this measurement. No differences in other CARTs outcome were observed. Conclusion: The meta-analysis confirms the HR increase but seems to exclude an alteration of the sympatho-vagal balance due to chronic treatment with GLP-1R agonists in diabetes, considering the available measures of ANS function
Ketogenic state improves testosterone serum levels-results from a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textIt is widely demonstrated that obesity and hypogonadism are bi-directionally correlated, since the hypogonadism prevalence is higher in obese population, while weight loss increases testosterone serum levels. Several approaches are available to contrast weight excess, from simple dietary regimens to more complex surgical procedures. Ketogenic diets (KD) fit in this context and their application is growing year after year, aiming to improve the metabolic and weight patterns in obese patients. However, KD influence on testosterone levels is still poorly investigated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Painful and painless diabetic neuropathy: one disease or two?
No full textPainful diabetic polyneuropathy (PDPN) is generally considered a variant of
diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) but the identification of distinctive aspects that
characterize painful compared with painless DPN has however been addressed in
many studies, mainly with the purpose of better understanding the mechanisms of
neuropathic pain in the scenario of peripheral nerve damage of DPN, of
determining risk markers for pain development, and also of recognizing who might
respond to treatments. This review is aimed at examining available literature
dealing with the issue of similarities and differences between painful and
painless DPN in an attempt to respond to the question of whether painful and
painless DPN are the same disease or not and to address the conundrum of why some
people develop the insensate variety of DPN whilst others experience distressing
pain. Thus, from the perspective of comparing painful with painless forms of DPN,
this review considers the clinical correlates of PDPN, its distinctive framework
of symptoms, signs, and nerve functional and structural abnormalities, the
question of large and small fiber involvement, the peripheral pain mechanisms,
the central processing of pain and some new insights into the pathogenesis of
pain in peripheral polyneuropathies and PDPN
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