88,639 research outputs found
Trace elements in marine biogenic carbonates: analysis and application to past ocean chemistry
No full textTrace elements in marine biogenic carbonates may be used as proxies for past oceanchemistry provided that there is an established relationship between the trace elementproxy and a parameter of interest, this relationship is preserved within biogeniccarbonate, and the trace element can be determined sufficiently accurately. Successfulapplication of any trace element proxy requires both development of the analyticalmethodology to ensure accurate data with the necessary sensitivity, and anunderstanding of the relationship between proxy and seawater chemistry.Herein I develop methods for the determination of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca and Cd/Ca inplanktonic foraminiferal calcite, using inductively coupled plasma optical emissionspectrophotometry and isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry, andpropose a potential reference material for Mg/Ca in foraminiferal calcite. The developedtechniques are applied to an investigation of the Mg/Ca temperature proxy overChatham Rise in the Southwest Pacific Ocean and a calibration study of the partitioncoefficient, DCd, for cadmium incorporation into planktonic foraminifera.Comparisons of planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca, shell weight and oxygenisotope records from sites north and south of the Subtropical Front on Chatham Rise,demonstrate the effects of hydrography, foraminiferal habitat and dissolution as controlson Mg/Ca. Determinations of Cd/Ca in seven species of planktonic foraminiferaconfirm that the dominant controls on Cd/Ca are foraminiferal habitat and hydrography,with only a minor influence of post depositional dissolution. The major uncertainty indetermination of DCd from core top samples comes from uncertainty in estimation of thedepth distribution and seasons of calcification of planktonic foraminifera
Laonice pectinata Greaves & Wilson, 2011, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Laonice pectinata</i> sp. nov. <p>Figures 8–9</p> <p> <b>Material examined. Holotype:</b> Australia: Indian Ocean, west of Perth, Stn SS 082005 25BS02, 32º51.267ʹ S, 114º15.417ʹ E, 14 Oct 2005, 1440 m, MV F 150655. <b>Paratypes:</b> Indian Ocean, west of Perth, Stn SS 082005 25BS02, 32º51.267ʹ S, 114º15.417ʹ E, 14 Oct 2005, 1440 m, 1 specimen, MV F 110722; Indian Ocean, west of Perth, Stn SS 082005 25BS02, 32º51.267ʹ S, 114º15.417ʹ E, 14 Oct 2005, 1440 m, 3 specimens, MV F 110724; Indian Ocean, Ningaloo North region, T2 100, Stn SS 07/2005 17, 21º58.75ʹ S, 113º50.583ʹ E, 23 Jan 2005, 99 m, 1 specimen, MV F167424.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> All anterior fragments, longest 27 chaetigers; in relatively poor condition, 3.5–5.5 mm long, 0.5– 1 mm wide.</p> <p>Peristomium separate from prostomium, narrow, approximately half length of prostomium. Prostomium blunt, somewhat rounded, entire, extending posteriorly to chaetiger 1, terminating with occipital antenna, not fused to dorsum for posterior third of length; dorsal ridge extending posteriorly at least 12 chaetigers, uncertain due to specimen condition. Short occipital antenna present. Eyes present or absent; two pairs of eyes visible on one specimen (MV F167424); absent from remaining specimens. Palps lost from all specimens.</p> <p>Dorsal branchiae from chaetiger 2 to end of fragments; free and separate from notopodial lamellae throughout; slender, up to twice length of notopodial postchaetal lamellae, appear to fall off more easily than in some other species.</p> <p>First notopodial postchaetal lobe small, increasing in size until about chaetiger 4, leaf-shaped, somewhat pointed dorsally, becoming larger and more rounded, ultimately becoming kidney-shaped. Neuropodial postchaetal lamellae small rounded lobes throughout. Dorsal crests absent. Interparapodial pouches present, beginning chaetiger 3, until at least chaetiger 13 (after which they are difficult to recognise due to preservation).</p> <p>Notopodial capillary chaetae in three rows, becoming more dense until about chaetiger 10, then reducing in number until end of fragment. Anterior neuropodial capillaries in three rows, stout; reduced to two rows, more slender and confined to upper part of neuropodium posteriorly. Neuropodial hooded hooks begin from chaetiger 21–27, up to 20 per fascicle, with many accessory teeth and no discernable main fang (Fig. 9 A–B). Neuropodial sabre chaetae present, in ventral-most position, beginning chaetiger 9–14, two per fascicle, occasionally only a single sabre chaeta present.</p> <p>Pygidium unknown.</p> <p> <b>Colour.</b> White (unpigmented) in ethanol.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Western Australia, 99–1440 m (Figs. 1-2).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species is easily distinguished from other Australian species by the presence of up to 20 neuropodial hooded hooks per fascicle, each with numerous teeth. Hood removal by ultrasound was unsuccessful and due to limited hooks on the few available fragments, further attempts were not undertaken and hence SEM studies could not be conducted. Unfortunately this means that the exact number of teeth remains unknown, but the shape is clearly distinguishable under a light microscope. It is most similar to <i>Laonice blakei</i> Sikorski, Jirkov & Tsetlin, 1988, which is known only from the Arctic; that species also has interparapodial pouches regularly starting from chaetiger 3 and three rows of chaetae on anterior chaetigers. However, hooks in <i>L. blakei</i> possess a distinct main fang. The species is also described as having a large occipital antenna and a caruncle to chaetiger 10–14, whereas <i>L. pectinata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> lacks a distinct caruncle but has a dorsal ridge to about chaetiger 12.</p> <p>The sole specimen in which two pairs of eyes visible (MV F167424), was collected at 99 m; the remaining specimens were from 1440 m and we cannot find any other morphological differences other than the absence of eyes in the specimens from the deeper locality. We thus treat the material as conspecific.</p> <p> <i>Laonice pectinata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> can also be characterised by having pouches consistently starting from chaetiger 3 (this feature does not appear to differ with size; however, there are only four specimens), pouches that end relatively early (about chaetiger 9–13), three rows of anterior notochaetae and often two sabre chaetae per fascicle.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> Latin for ‘comblike, toothed’, <i>pectinata</i> refers to the appearance of the neuropodial hooded hooks.</p>Published as part of <i>Greaves, Elizabeth & Wilson, Robin, 2011, New Laonice species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from western and northern Australia, pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 2903</i> on pages 10-12, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/207906">10.5281/zenodo.207906</a>
Laonice lemniscata Greaves & Wilson, 2011, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Laonice lemniscata</i> sp. nov. <p>Figures 3–4</p> <p> <b>Material examined. Holotype:</b> Australia: Indian Ocean, Albany region, T6 200, Stn SS07/2005 183, 35º21.5ʹ S 118º17.4ʹ E, 9 Jan 2005, 193 m, MV F167370. <b>Paratypes:</b> Indian Ocean, Two Rocks region, T4 200, Stn SS07/ 2005 134, 31º38.9ʹ S, 115º1.267ʹ E, 4 Jan 2005, 196 m, 1 specimen, MV F 111057; Indian Ocean, Bald Island region, T7 100, Stn SS07/2005 195, 35º10.65ʹ S, 118º37.917ʹ E, 10 Jan 2005, 102 m, 1 specimen, MV F158711; Indian Ocean, Bunbury region, L13 100, Stn SS07/2005 213, 33º2.3ʹ S, 114º48.483ʹ E, 14 Jan 2005, 102 m, 1 specimen, MV F 110637; Indian Ocean, Albany region, T6 200, Stn SS07/2005 183, 35º21.5ʹ S, 118º17.4ʹ E, 9 Jan 2005, 193 m, 1 specimen, MV F167372.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> All specimens anterior fragments, 18–35 chaetigers except nearly complete holotype (MV F167370) with 61 chaetigers, 2.3–15 mm long (holotype 15 mm), 0.3–0.8 mm wide.</p> <p>Prostomium blunt, anteriorly rounded, entire or very slightly indented; without frontal or lateral horns. Caruncle present, continuous with prostomium, narrowing at about level of chaetiger 2, then extending back to chaetiger 9 or 10 (difficult to determine due to split dorsum). Long, finger-like occipital antenna present on posterior part of prostomium, behind eyes. Eyes present as one pair, each a dark brown to reddish patch edged anteriorly and laterally by lighter brown crescent. Peristomium separate from prostomium, approximately half the length of prostomium. Palps lost from all specimens. Nuchal organ long, U-shaped, extending posteriorly to about chaetiger 15 or 16 (difficult to determine due to split dorsum) (Fig. 3 A).</p> <p>Dorsal branchiae present from chaetiger 2 to near posterior end of body. Branchiae free, separate from notopodial lamellae throughout; all simple, distinctly ciliated on inner margin; longest on anterior third of specimen, first branchiae approximately same length as notopodial lobe, by about chaetiger 7 approximately twice length of notopodial lobe, and in posterior half up to three times length of lobes (due in part to the smaller size of the notopodial lobe).</p> <p>Notopodial postchaetal lobes reduced to small subtriangular projection on chaetiger 1; then leaf-like and slightly pointed until about chaetiger 4, then becoming more rounded and gradually reduced to small round lobes. Neuropodial postchaetal lobes leaf-like from chaetiger 1; dorsally rounded and ventrally pointed until about chaetiger 15, then rounded and reduced in size; small by about chaetiger 25(Fig. 3 B–D). Dorsal crests present from chaetiger 10, initially separated by nuchal organ/caruncle, full, ciliated crests from chaetiger 13 and on all remaining chaetigers. Additional transverse ciliation present on segmental margins. Interparapodial pouches on chaetigers 9– 61; starting from chaetiger 9–11 and continuing posteriorly to end of fragment (Fig. 3 E).</p> <p>Anterior capillaries in two rows in both noto- and neuropodia, anterior row generally stout and short. Posterior neuropodial capillaries narrower and fewer than anterior. Neuropodial hooded hooks begin from chaetiger 17–22, 4–5 per fascicle, bi- or tridentate (tooth above main fang may or may not have smaller apical tooth) (Fig. 4 A–B). Neuropodial sabre chaetae first present on chaetiger 10–11, 1–2 per fascicle.</p> <p>Pygidium unknown.</p> <p> <b>Colour.</b> White (unpigmented) in ethanol.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Southwestern Australia, shelf, 102–196m (Figs. 1–2).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The prominent dorsal crests distinguish this species from other known <i>Laonice</i> species. Of the descriptions that mention dorsal crests, the majority describe them as low or incomplete, not reaching the dorsal midline, except <i>L. japonicus</i> (Moore, 1907) and <i>L. magnacristata</i> Maciolek, 2000, which both have large dorsal crests. The crests of <i>L. japonicus</i> start around chaetiger 38, much later than those of <i>L. lemniscata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>. <i>Laonice magnacristata</i> has crests starting on chaetiger 11, similar to <i>L. lemniscata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, but has a very limited number of branchiae (6 pairs compared to over 50 pairs in <i>L. lemniscata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>).</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Latin for ‘adorned with ribbons’ <i>lemniscata</i> refers to the appearance of the long, thin branchiae of this species.</p>Published as part of <i>Greaves, Elizabeth & Wilson, Robin, 2011, New Laonice species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from western and northern Australia, pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 2903</i> on pages 4-6, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/207906">10.5281/zenodo.207906</a>
Probability in the Everett World: Comments on Wallace and Greaves
No full textIt is often objected that the Everett interpretation of QM cannot make sense of quantum probabilities, in one or both of two ways: either it can’t make sense of probability at all, or it can’t explain why probability should be governed by the Born rule. David Deutsch has attempted to meet these objections. He argues not only that rational decision under uncertainty makes sense in the Everett interpretation, but also that under reasonable assumptions, the credences of a rational agent in an Everett world should be constrained by the Born rule. David Wallace has developed and defended Deutsch’s proposal, and greatly clarified its conceptual basis. In particular, he has stressed its reliance on the distinguishing symmetry of the Everett view, viz., that all possible outcomes of a quantum measurement are treated as equally real. The argument thus tries to make a virtue of what has usually been seen as the main obstacle to making sense of probability in the Everett world. In this note I outline some objections to the Deutsch-Wallace argument, and to related proposals by Hilary Greaves about the epistemology of Everettian QM. (In the latter case, my arguments include an appeal to an Everettian analogue of the Sleeping Beauty problem.) The common thread to these objections is that the symmetry in question remains a very significant obstacle to making sense of probability in the Everett interpretation
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
[Newspaper Clipping: Author Claims Evidence of Second JFK Assassin #1]
No full textNewspaper article titled "Author Claims Evidence of Second JFK Assassin." The article states that author Richard J. Whalen concluded "that there is circumstantial evidence to support the theory of a second assassin in the shooting of President John F. Kennedy.
Also By The Same Author: AKTiveAuthor, a Citation Graph Approach to Name Disambiguation
No full textThe desire for definitive data and the semantic web drive for inference over heterogeneous data sources requires co-reference resolution to be performed on those data. In particular, name disambiguation is required to allow accurate publication lists, citation counts and impact measures to be determined. This paper describes a graph-based approach to author disambiguation on large-scale citation networks. Using self-citation, co-authorship and document source analyses, AKTiveAuthor clusters papers, achieving precision of 0.997 and recall of 0.818 over a test group of eight surname clusters
John F. Kennedy telegram to Roosevelt
No full textJersey Homesteads (later the Borough of Roosevelt) was established in the 1930s as an agro-industrial cooperative community. It was established specifically for urban Jewish garment workers, many of whom had emigrated from Europe. President John F. Kennedy sent a telegram to the citizens of Roosevelt, New Jersey, apologizing for not being able to attend the memorial dedication in honor of former President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. (Jersey Homesteads became Roosevelt in 1945 in honor of the president.) President Kennedy expressed his gratitude to the people of Roosevelt for constructing the memorial, and commented that it will serve as a constant reminder of Roosevelt's good works
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