1,721,004 research outputs found
Manuale dei disturbi alimentari
No full textI disturbi alimentari (DA) rappresentano una sfida stimolante sia per i clinici sia per il Sistema sanitario nazionale nel suo complesso, poiché pongono problemi che coinvolgono varie prospettive cliniche, sociali e culturali. Ciò ha reso necessaria la creazione di affiatate équipe multidisciplinari, nella consapevolezza che la cura dei da passi per una presa in carico integrata e complessa dei bisogni a livello sia psichico che somatico, sia personale che di sistema. Privilegiando un approccio multidisciplinare che illustri la complessità degli approcci alla cura dei da, il volume descrive la storia di questi disturbi e le loro forme cliniche, negli adulti e nell’età evolutiva; i sintomi alimentari, gli strumenti psicodiagnostici per valutarli, gli aspetti corporei, neuroscientifici e quelli più generali che sottendono il disturbo, e presenta infine i modelli di cura, senza trascurare gli aspetti medico-legali
Disturbi alimentari e neuroscienze: la rappresentazione del corpo
No full textLa società odierna rivolge sempre maggiore attenzione al corpo e alla sua rappresentazione e tale fenomeno viene indubbiamente enfatizzato dalla realtà mediatica dell’immagine nella quale siamo immersi. Ciò rende il corpo un’icona che si impone fortemente su tutte le altre caratteristiche psicologiche e di personalità dell’individuo, spesso con risultati negativi. Non a caso diversi studi hanno messo in luce come le sensazioni negative riguardanti l’inadeguatezza del proprio corpo siano correlate allo sviluppo dei disturbi della nutrizione e dell’alimentazione (Stice, Shaw, 2002), a loro volta associati a problemi fisici e psicologici a lungo termine (Wagner et al., 2006; Mascolo et al., 2012) nonché al più alto tasso di mortalità tra i disturbi psichiatrici (Smink, van Hoeken, Hoek, 2012). È ormai evidente che l’origine e il decorso dei disturbi alimentari (DA) abbiano un’eziologia multifattoriale e che, accanto ai più noti fattori psicologici, evolutivi, biologici e socioculturali, debbano essere presi in considerazione alcuni aspetti più prettamente cognitivi, tra
i quali la rappresentazione del corpo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Iowa Gambling Task: Men and Women Perform Differently. A Meta-analysis
No full textThe Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was designed to assess decision-making under conditions of complexity and uncertainty; it is currently one of the most widely used tests to assess decision-making in both experimental and clinical settings. In the original version of the task, participants are given a loan of play money and four decks of cards and are asked to maximize profits. Although any single card unpredictably yields wins/losses, variations in frequency and size of gains/losses ultimately make two decks more advantageous in the long-term. Several studies have previously suggested that there may be a sex-related difference in IGT performance. Thus, the present study aimed to explore and quantify sex differences in IGT performance by pooling the results of 110 studies. The meta-analysis revealed that males tend to perform better than females on the classic 100-trial IGT (UMD = 3.381; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the significant heterogeneity observed suggests high variability in the results obtained by individual studies. Results were not affected by publication bias or other moderators. Factors that may contribute to differences in male and female performance are discussed, such as functional sex-related asymmetries in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala, as well as differences in sensitivity to wins/losses
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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