1,721,013 research outputs found
Towards Addressing Anthropocentric Bias in Large Language Models
No full textThe widespread use of Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly among non-expert users, has raised ethical concerns about the propagation of harmful biases. While much research has addressed social biases, few works, if any, have examined anthropocentric bias in Natural Language Processing (NLP) technology. Anthropocentric language prioritizes human value, framing non-human animals, living entities, and natural elements solely by their utility to humans; a perspective that contributes to the ecological crisis. In this paper, we evaluate anthropocentric bias in OpenAI’s GPT-4o across various target entities, including sentient beings, non-sentient entities, and natural elements. Using prompts eliciting neutral, anthropocentric, and ecocentric perspectives, we analyze the model’s outputs and introduce a manually curated glossary of 424 anthropocentric terms as a resource for future ecocritical research. Our findings reveal a strong anthropocentric bias in the model's responses, underscoring the need to address human-centered language use in AI-generated text to promote ecological well-being
Body-Shaming Detection and Classification in Italian Social Media
Full text linkIn the last decades, the Natural Language Processing (NLP) community has demonstrated committed involvement in addressing societal challenges, particularly in the realm of hate-speech detection. Despite advancements, these phenomena continue to perpetrate, especially online, where users on social network platforms often find themselves in unsafe and possibly harmful environments. Among the various manifestations of hate speech and offensive language, one aspect that has been overlooked by the NLP community is body-shaming. Despite its prevalence among hateful users and its potential to harm a diverse group of individuals, from women to people with disabilities, efforts to counteract this damaging phenomenon remain limited. In this work, we first introduce a novel taxonomy designed to distinguish and classify instances of body-shaming by the targeted group. Following this, we present a dataset of Instagram comments for body-shaming detection and classification in the Italian language, which has been manually annotated according to the taxonomy. After detailing the data-gathering and annotation process, we present a classification benchmark using three BERT-based models to showcase our dataset’s classification potential. Results demonstrate good performances in detecting body-shaming instances across several categories of our proposed taxonomy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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