2,126 research outputs found
Abstract IA09: Comprehensive genomic characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
No full textAbstract
Large and comprehensive genomic analyses of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are greatly increasing our understanding of the heterogeneity of this disease and identifying the key genomic changes that drive these tumors. HNSCC tumors associated with HPV are distinct from HNSCC disease linked to tobacco exposure (HPV-positive versus HPV-negative). HPV- tumors are characterized by: 1) amplification of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK); 2) genomic loss of TP53 and loss of CKDN2A/RB1 by a variety of mechanisms including truncating mutation, deletion, and/or alternative splicing; 3) amplification of CCND1/CDK4/CDK6; 4) activation of NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3; and 5) loss of NOTCH1/FAT1/AJUBA. In contrast, HPV-positive HNSCCs harbor: 1) RTK amplification; 2) FGFR2/3 mutations and/or FGFR3-TACC3 fusions; 3) CDKN2A loss; and 4) E2F1 amplification. Interestingly, activating mutations in the PIK3CA oncogene are found in approximately one third of HPV-negative HNSCC and in over fifty percent of HPV-positive tumors. Mutually exclusive mutations in RAS family genes, specifically RHOA, KRAS, and HRAS, are present but infrequently found in HNSCC (6% of TCGA cases). Amplification of chromosome 3q, a region containing the TP63, SOX2, and PIK3CA genes, is seen in the majority of both HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCC. HPV-negative HNSCCs demonstrate clear evidence of molecular heterogeneity, as demonstrated by expression profiling studies indicating diverse biologic subclasses within HPV-negative disease, including a class of tumors without EGFR amplification and/or overexpression, previously termed “atypical” HNSCCs, which consist of approximately 20% of HPV-negative cases and the majority of HPV-positive HNSCCs. An intriguing mutational pattern identified by TCGA was a subset of HPV-negative HNSCC originating in the oral cavity with few to no copy-number alterations statistically enriched for HRAS, CASP8, and PIK3CA mutations and lack of TP53 mutation. With increasing genetic profiling of HNSCC cell lines and patient-derived xenografts, there is increasing opportunity to rationally select preclinical models to test specific precision medicine hypotheses.
Citation Format: Jennifer R. Grandis. Comprehensive genomic characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; April 23-25, 2017; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(23_Suppl):Abstract nr IA09.</jats:p
Revisión bibliográfica sobre aceites con énfasis en el Aceite de la Semilla Tectona Grandis (Teca)
No full textLa Tectona Grandis es una madera muy deseable por muchas personas por sus diversas características; por consiguiente, este maderable se posesiona en un nivel de alta calidad. La Teca como lo es llamado, tiene su origen en el sur de Asia; luego, este fue distribuido a distintos países entre ellos Colombia. El fruto de este maderable es de textura dura y su semilla es de textura frágil y suave. Por otro lado, la semilla es tradicionalmente perseguida como tónicos capilares en la India.
Los aceites vegetales están compuestos por triglicéridos; es decir, por ésteres de ácidos grasos y glicerina; podemos clasificar los lípidos en lípidos simples, lípidos complejos y lípidos derivados, a su vez cuentan con tipos y subtipos de acuerdo al Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (2019). En la Tectona Grandis se encuentran ácidos grasos como el linoleico, oleico, palmítico y en pequeñas cantidades el esteárico cuyos posibles usos pueden ser en la cosmética, farmacología entre otros.
La calidad de los aceites está regida por una serie de normas, en Colombia se utilizan las normas NTC, como lo es el índice de acidez, índice de peróxido, índice de saponificación, índice de yodo y otras más. Este valor es importante en las industrias porque con él se puede saber si la materia prima cumple con las condiciones necesaria para su aprovechamiento.
Por último, los métodos de extracción como lo indica la palabra son sistemas cuyo propósito es extraer aceite a partir de la materia prima, en tiempos antiguos utilizaban las piedras, madera y el hierro y; por supuesto, la fuerza Humana o Animal con la que se movían los elementos del molino. Hoy en día se utilizan métodos más sofisticados como el método del solvente, utilizado para la extracción del aceite de la Tectona Grandis. A nivel industrial este método no se aplica en la industria porque genera gastos en la compra de solventes.RESUMEN…………………………………………………………………………….5LISTA DE TABLAS…………………………………………………………………. 8LISTA DE FIGURAS………………………………………………………………... 9LISTA DE SÍMBOLOS……………………………………………………………… 11INTRODUCCIÓN……………………………...………..…………………….…...…111. OBJETIVOS……..………………………………….…………………..…..….. 131.1. OBJETIVO GENERAL..………………………………………………..……… 131.2. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS………………………………………………… . .132. Capitulo I. GENERALIDADES DE LA Tectona grandis……………………....142.1 DESCRIPCIÓN BOTÁNICA…………………………………………………….162.2 HÁBITAT DE LA ESPECIE……………………………………………………..212.3 PROPIEDADES…………………………………………………………………..212.4 TAXONOMÍA………………………………………………………………………212.5 CARACTERÍSTICAS……………………………………………………………..222.6 UTILIDADES …………….………………………………………………………..232.7 COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA DE LA CORTEZA………………………………...242.8 COMPOSICIÓN MINERAL DEL ACEITE DE LA Tectona grandis………..273. Capitulo II. ACEITES……………………………..………………………………..283.1 CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS LÍPIDOS…………………………………………..293.2 COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA MAYORITARIA DE LOS ACEITES GRASOS 393.3 PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS DEl ACEITE DE LA Tectona grandis…..403.4 POSIBLES USOS INDUSTRIALES DEL ACEITE DE LA Tectona grandis…………………………………………………………………………………...473.4.1 Ácido linoleico…………………………………………………………………...473.4.2 Ácido oleico……………………………………………………………………...493.4.3 Ácido palmítico…………………………………………………………………..513.4.4 Ácido esteárico…………………………………………………………………..514. Capitulo III. ANÁLISIS DE LA CALIDAD DE LOS ACEITES………………..534.1 ANÁLISIS FISICOQUÍMICOS DE LOS ACEITES………………………..534.1.2 Índice de acidez……………………………………………………………..544.1.3 Índice de yodo…………………………………………………………….…614.1.4 Índice de peróxidos………………………………………………………...654.1.5 Índice de saponificación (IS)…………………………………………….....694.2 DATOS DEL ANÁLISIS FISICOQUÍMICOS ENCONTRADOS EN EL ACEITE DE LA Tectona grandis………………………………………….735. Capitulo IV. MÉTODOS DE EXTRACCIÓN DE ACEITES……………………745.1 MÉTODOS ACTUALES EN LA EXTRACCION DEL ACEITE…………..…..725.1.1 Método del prensado……………………………………………………….….775.1.2 Extracción mediante Fluido supercrítico…………………………….…….805.2 MÉTODOS DE EXTRACCIÓN UTILIZADOS EN LA Tectona grandis…….815.2.1 Método del solvente……………………………………………………...816. CONCLUSIÓN................................................................................857. BIBLIOGRAFÍA..........................................................................86MonografíaPregradoQuímico(a
Cult: A Composite Novel
No full textCult (redacted)
The first component of the thesis is a composite novel called Cult which falls into two parts with seven narratives in each. Part 1 tracks the protagonist, Ellen, from her first involvement with the cult through to her eventually leaving it. Although fiction, the first half of the book answers the kinds of questions the author is asked when people discover that she was once a sannyasin (a follower of the guru Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh). While the experiences of meditation, group therapy and communal living are all faithfully rendered within the stories, the need for strong characters, narrative drive and a lightness of touch takes precedence.
Part 2 picks up Ellen’s story some twenty or so years later and explores what becomes of her in middle age. It also looks at other groups in society, such as academia, the law and the internet dating community which each have their own jargon, hierarchies, rituals and rules but are not considered to be cults.
The book examines the question raised in the Epigraph, ‘how do we be together when we feel so alone’ with a focus on relationships other than the familial and the romantic.
Collisions, Chasms and Connections: a Performative Exploration of the Composite Novel Form
The second part of the thesis is both a critical and creative response to three contemporary American books: Olive Kitteridge by Elizabeth Strout; A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan; and Legend of a Suicide by David Vann. The critical element comprises a close reading of the three books; a chronological reconstruction of their overarching storylines; and a consideration of what their authors have said about writing the books. It concludes that, in the composite novel, the simultaneous presentation of multiple views and storylines operate much like a 3D image to give the impression of depth to the characters and situations rendered. The creative element of the essay is a playful and personal response to the texts
History of changes to absentee ballot eligibility in Connecticut / by Jennifer Proto (principal analyst), Jennifer Bernier (senior legislative librarian)
No full text1 online resource (3 pages)"December 17, 2020."Discusses changes since 1965 to state law codifying reasons for which electors may vote by absentee ballot in Connecticut, currently CGS § 9-135 (amended this year by PA 20-3, July special session
Spontaneous ATM gene reversion in A-T iPSC to produce an isogenic cell line
No full textA spontaneously reverted iPSC line was identified from an A-T subject with heterozygous ATM truncation mutations. The reverted iPSC line expressed ATM protein and was capable of radiation-induced phosphorylation of CHK2 and H2A.X. Genome-wide SNP analysis confirmed a match to source T-cells and also to a distinct, non-reverted iPSC line from the same subject. Rearranged T-cell receptor sequences predict that the iPSC culture originated as several independently reprogrammed cells that resolved into a single major clone, suggesting that gene correction likely occurred early in the reprogramming process. Gene expression analysis comparing ATM-/- iPSC lines to unrelated ATM+/- cells identifies a large number of differences but comparing only the isogenic pair of A-T iPSC lines reveals that the primary pathway affected by loss of ATM is a diminished expression of p53-related mRNAs. Gene reversion in culture, while likely a rare event, provided a novel, reverted cell line for studying ATM function.Peer reviewe
Food insecurity in Connecticut / by Jennifer Proto, principal analyst
No full text1 online resource (5 pages)"December 18, 2020.
Legal challenges to redistricting plans / by Jennifer Proto, principal analyst
No full text1 online resource (11 pages)"January 28, 2021."Summarizes court decisions concerning challenges to Connecticut redistricting plans. Updates a 2011 repor
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Interleukin 6 is increased in preclinical HNSCC models of acquired cetuximab resistance, but is not required for maintenance of resistance
No full textThe epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor cetuximab is the only oncogene-targeted agent that has been FDA approved for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Currently, there are no biomarkers used in the clinic to predict which HNSCC tumors will respond to cetuximab, and even in tumors that regress with treatment, acquired resistance occurs in the majority of cases. Though a number of mechanisms of acquired resistance to cetuximab have been identified in preclinical studies, no therapies targeting these resistance pathways have yet been effectively translated into the clinic. To address this unmet need, we examined the role of the cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) in acquired cetuximab resistance in preclinical models of HNSCC. We found that IL-6 secretion was increased in PE/CA-PJ49 cells that had acquired resistance to cetuximab compared to the parental cells from which they were derived. However, addition of exogenous IL-6 to parental cells did not promote cetuximab resistance, and inhibition of the IL-6 pathway did not restore cetuximab sensitivity in the cetuximab-resistant cells. Further examination of the IL-6 pathway revealed that expression of IL6R, which encodes a component of the IL-6 receptor, was decreased in cetuximab-resistant cells compared to parental cells, and that treatment of the cetuximab-resistant cells with exogenous IL-6 did not induce phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, suggesting that the IL-6 pathway was functionally impaired in the cetuximab-resistant cells. These findings demonstrate that, even if IL-6 is increased in the context of cetuximab resistance, it is not necessarily required for maintenance of the resistant phenotype, and that targeting the IL-6 pathway may not restore sensitivity to cetuximab in cetuximab-refractory HNSCC
Qualifying for Medicaid for Employees with Disabilities (MED-Connect) / by Jennifer Proto, principal analyst
No full text1 online resource (2 pages)"November 25, 2020."Discusses the eligibility criteria that an individual with a disability must meet to qualify for the MED-Connect progra
Legislative history of filling constitutional officer vacancies / by Jennifer Proto (principal analyst), Christine McCluskey (librarian)
No full text1 online resource (3 pages)"December 23, 2020."Discusses the legislative history of CGS § 9-213, which addresses how four of the state's constitutional officers (the attorney general, comptroller, secretary of the state (SOTS), and treasurer) are appointed if there is a vacanc
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