1,721,183 research outputs found
Escaping Thucydides’s Trap: the Fate of US-China Relations According to Graham Allison
No full textDestined for War by Graham Allison, former dean of Harvard’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs and advisor to various US ad-ministrations, has aroused a lively debate in the International Relations the-ory community, for the purpose of explaining the current global strategic environment and US-China economic, diplomatic, cultural and military competition through a framework drawn from Thucydides’s observation of the fifth century BCE Peloponnesian War
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Graham Allison. Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides’s Trap? Boston and New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017. Howard W. French. Everything Under the Heavens: How the Past Helps Shape China’s Push for Global Power. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2017.
No full textGraham Allison. Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides’s Trap? Boston and New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017. Howard W. French. Everything Under the Heavens: How the Past Helps Shape China’s Push for Global Power. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2017
Análisis de la crisis actual del MERCOSUR desde la teoría de la decisión. Una aplicación práctica de los Modelos de Toma de Decisión de Graham Allison
Get PDFEl MERCOSUR se encuentra actualmente inmerso en una de las peores crisis su historia desde su creación en 1991. Principalmente, se manifiestan diferencias importantes entre los dos socios principales, Argentina y Brasil, como consecuencia de la existencia de asimetrías entre sus miembros que el bloque en su conjunto no ha podido resolver sino que, por el contrario, se han profundizado. Ante este contexto, los tres modelos de toma de decisión creados por Graham Allison – del Actor Racional, de Proceso Organizativo y de Política Burocrática - constituyen un marco lógico útil e interesante para elucidar diferentes explicaciones o interpretaciones que arrojen luz sobre esta cuestión
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Book Review of Destined for War: Can America and China Escape Thucydides\u27s Trap? by Graham Allison
Get PDFCHINA AND THE UNITED STATES ARE HEADING TOWARD A WAR NEITHER WANTS. The reason is Thucydides’s Trap, a deadly pattern of structural stress that results when a rising power challenges a ruling one. This phenomenon is as old as history itself. About the Peloponnesian War that devastated ancient Greece, the historian Thucydides explained: “It was the rise of Athens and the fear that this instilled in Sparta that made war inevitable.” Over the past 500 years, these conditions have occurred sixteen times. War broke out in twelve of them. Today, as an unstoppable China approaches an immovable America and both Xi Jinping and Donald Trump promise to make their countries “great again,” the seventeenth case looks grim. Unless China is willing to scale back its ambitions or Washington can accept becoming number two in the Pacific, a trade conflict, cyberattack, or accident at sea could soon escalate into all-out war. In Destined for War, the eminent Harvard scholar Graham Allison explains why Thucydides’s Trap is the best lens for understanding U.S.-China relations in the twenty-first century. Through uncanny historical parallels and war scenarios, he shows how close we are to the unthinkable. Yet, stressing that war is not inevitable, Allison also reveals how clashing powers have kept the peace in the past — and what painful steps the United States and China must take to avoid disaster today
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