1,720,962 research outputs found
Identificación, biogénesis y función de Dominios ER-HMGR de retículo endoplasmático en Arabidopsis thaliana
Get PDFTesi realitzada al Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG)La sobreexpresión del dominio de membrana de la Hidroximetil glutaril CoA reductasa (HMGR) en Arabidopsis thaliana desencadena la formación de agregados vesiculares de retículo endoplasmático (RE), esta capacidad morfogénica tiene precedentes claros en levaduras y mamíferos. En A. thaliana dos genes (HMG1 y HMG2) codifican tres isoformas de HMGR (HMGR1S, HMGR1L y HMGR2), las proteínas HMGR1S y HMGR1L derivan del mismo gen y tienen la misma secuencia, pero la isoforma 1L tiene una extensión en N-terminal de cincuenta residuos de aminoácidos, las tres isoformas de la HMGR se insertan co-traduccionalmente en la membrana del RE.
En la presente tesis se determinó la localización subcelular de la HMGR1S de A. thaliana expresando el dominio de membrana de la HMGR1S unido a GFP, se observó que esta proteína quimérica se localiza en el RE formando agregados, con la ayuda de un marcador rojo T3RE, se observó en ensayos de colocalización en N. benthamiana que los agregados de HMGR son parte funcional del RE.
Se determinó la organización estructural de las vesículas de HMGR formadas por el dominio de HMGR1S por primera vez a nivel de ultraestructura en hojas de N. benthamiana, así como también de una línea transgénica de A. thaliana, en este análisis se observaron distintas conformaciones lamelares, de círculos concéntricos y cristaloides presentes en los agregados.
Se realizaron ensayos de inmunolocalización a nivel de la ultraestructura de los agregados de 1SGFP en A. thaliana, con anticuerpos contra GFP y anticuerpos contra el dominio catalítico de la HMGR, y se observó el marcaje de ambos anticuerpos, indicándonos la presencia en estos agregados, tanto de la 1SGFP como de la HMGR endógena, confirmando que el dominio de membrana de HMGR determina su localización subcelular. Los dominios de RE en el que se acumulan 1S:GFP y/o HMGR fueron denominados como Dominios ER-HMGR.
Por otro lado, a pesar de las dificultades técnicas, un estudio anterior sugiere la coincidencia física entre vesículas de HMGR y ER bodies, estas últimas son estructuras derivadas de retículo endoplasmático que cumplen un rol importante en el mecanismo de defensa de las plantas en condiciones de estrés. La identidad estructural y funcional de los ER bodies no ha sido caracterizada aún. En este sentido en la presente tesis se profundizo en el estudio de la coincidencia física y funcional entre vesículas de HMGR y ER bodies, como su caracterización estructural en distintos tipos celulares de A. thaliana. Además, se determinó el papel biológico del dominio de membrana de HMGR en respuesta a estrés utilizando líneas mutantes knock out para el gen HMG1. En este análisis se observó que el gen de la HMGR1 es necesario para la derivación de Dominos ER-HMGR hacia vacuola en respuesta a estrés.The overexpression of hydroxymetyl-glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) membrane domain in Arabidopsis thaliana triggers the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) vesicular aggregates formation, this morphogenetic capability has clear precedents in yeast and mammal cells. In the present thesis, the subcellular localization of A. thaliana HMGR1S isoform was determined through the expression of the HMGR1S membrane domain attached to GFP. This chimerical protein 1S:GFP is localized in the ER forming aggregates, the use of a red lumen ER marker T3RE allowed through colocalization assays in N. benthamiana, determine the 1S:GFP aggregates are a functional part of the ER.
The ultra-structural organization of 1S:GFP aggregates induced by the HMGR membrane domain expression was determined for the first time at this level, in N. benthamiana agroinfiltrated and transgenic lines of A. thaliana. In this analysis, was observed that the 1S:GFP aggregates are conformed by smooth ER membranes distributed with different organization patterns, such as lamellar, whorls and mainly crystalloid.
The immuno localization assays of 1S:GFP aggregates in A. thaliana at ultra-structural level, with anti-GFP and anti-CD1 (CD1:catalytic domain of HMGR1), revealed the presence in ER aggregates of 1S:GFP and HMGR distributed homogenously, therefore these aggregates are a specific domain characterized by the presence of HMGR and denominated as ER-HMGR domain. On the other hand, a previous study suggested the physical coincidence between HMGR vesicles and ER bodies, the last ones are ER derived structures which accumulates specific hydrolytic enzymes and has an important role in plant defense against stress conditions and pathogen attack. In the present work, the study of the physical coincidence between HMGR vesicles and ER bodies and the structural characterization in different tissues and cells was detailed. Additionally, the biologic role of the HMGR1S membrane domain in stress conditions was determined, using HMG1 gene knock out lines. In this analysis it was observed that the HMG1 gene is necessary to derive ER-HMGR domains to vacuole in response to stress conditions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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