7,928 research outputs found
Русский возвратный перфективный пассив: к проблеме существования
Get PDFIn the present article the author uses some language material to substantiate the opinion that in Russian, there still exist reflexive perfect passive forms
Copyright, contratto e accesso alla conoscenza: un’analisi comparata = Copyright, contract and access to knowledge: a comparative analysis.
Get PDFIl processo di digitalizzazione e lo sviluppo dei media, stravolgendo il paradigma tradizionale del copyright/diritto d’autore conducono a reazioni opposte. Da un lato, estendendo in vario modo l’ampiezza dell’esclusiva autorale favoriscono l’adozione di regole restrittive di accesso e uso dei contenuti; dall’altro, alimentano le logiche di condivisione, specie in alcune aree di produzione del sapere.
Il contratto, pur mutata la propria natura nella dimensione digitale, rappresenta la prima leva per l’affermazione di tali divergenti dinamiche, che, in entrambe le direzioni, riguardano anche la circolazione della conoscenza scientifica. Nel senso dell’apertura, lo strumento negoziale consente di perseguire i principi affermati dal movimento dell’Open Access (OA), abbattendo le barriere economiche e giuridiche all’accesso e utilizzo dei contenuti.
Dal deposito e pubblicazione su archivi istituzionali e disciplinari di opere transitate già attraverso i canali editoriali convenzionali, comunemente definita green road, alla pubblicazione su riviste ad accesso aperto, gold road, il fenomeno si sviluppa dal basso verso l’alto grazie alle dichiarazioni di principio e alle norme informali che hanno sin ora guidato le comunità accademiche nell’affermazione dell’OA. Di recente, tuttavia, i principi dell’OA sono oggetto di attenzione da parte del decisore pubblico che, pur timidamente, ne “impone” l’attuazione a tutte le comunità accademiche. Eppure, il diritto formale non sembra da solo sufficiente: è soltanto il primo tassello di una disciplina organica tesa a definire regole e incentivi per la produzione e la disseminazione della conoscenza scientifica, allo scopo di bilanciare la libertà “accademica” con il diritto di accesso alla conoscenza. = ENGLISH VERSION = Along with a comparative perspective that takes account of the U.S. and Italian law, this work aims to explore the interface between copyright and contract lae in publishing process.
In the current publishing environment, contracts and technology play a dominant role in the exploitation of copyrighted works. Publishers are granted by assignment of all copyright rights to reproduce and publish the work, but also to exercise control over its contents through technological protection measures. At the same time, mass digitization allows libraries and other organizations to make contents available online, which it entails a redefinition of the traditional publishing process and introduces new players to the scene (e.g., Google Books).
Hence, technology proves to be a powerful instrument for the spread of knowledge and it is on this pattern that Open Access (OA) is rapidly gaining ground.
Mostly based on a bottom-up approach that is on soft law, institutional policies and contracts, OA designs a new legal environment targeting the objectives of free accessibility, further distribution, and proper archiving of publications. These aims can be achieved through the creation of new open access business models to publish on OA journals (gold road) or to self-archive in institutional or disciplinary repositories works that have been originally published in conventional journals (green road).
However, in order for OA to be fully developed it is necessary to devise a principled and feasible approach to the dissemination of scholarly works against the current social, economic and legal background.
Indeed, the importance of OA is steadily recognized by legislators who integrate OA provisions into their legal system. This is an innovation of great significance, which was first fostered in the USA, and then extended in some European countries such as Italy and Germany in the European framework. Nevertheless, considering the different law systems, the formal law need to be combined with national strategies and institutional policies providing adequate incentives to the authors, while also promoting academic freedom and the right to knowledge access
Славянский рефлексивный имперсонал: к проблеме описания значений
Get PDFIn the present article the author makes use of 19th century language material from Russian, as well as contemporary data from a language related to Russian, namely Bulgarian, with the aim of studying the «X-у P-ся» construction on a wider plane and searching for answers to some questions concerning the description of the semantics of the Slavic reflexive impersonal construction
Антипассив в русском и болгарском языках
No full textВ статье термином антипассив объединены функционально однотипные конструкции, состав и сфера распространения которых в русском и болгарском языках полностью не совпадают. Отмечены признаки, специфичные для объединенных общим термином дериваций.
Первая часть посвящена русским и болгарским конструкциям, в которых исходное прямое дополнение занимает позицию косвенного. Русский и болгарский языковой материал рассматривается в сопоставлении.
Объектом описания во второй части являются структуры типа русской Собака кусается, определяются их грамматический и прагматический статус, а также терминологическое представление. Уточнен объем этой группы в русском и болгарском языках, отмечены особенности словообразовательной базы для предикатов этой модели.
В третьей части рассматриваются конструкции с русскими и болгарскими посессивно-рефлексивными глаголами. Собранные для анализа глагольные лексемы распределены по семантическим группам, сравнивается объем русских и болгарских групп и делаются заключения о продуктивности посессивно-рефлексивной модели в сопоставляемых языках.
В конце статьи несоотносительность рассмотренных русских и болгарских антипассивных конструкций или несовпадения в их продуктивности связываются с особенностями грамматических систем русского и болгарского языков
The housing market in the Russian Federation : privatization and its implications for market development
Get PDFThe author reviews sociological data on privatization and the development of a housing market in Russia through 1996. Using data from urban surveys largely unknown outside Russia, she also considers demand for housing and household mobility in Russia. Since early 1997 the Russian government has increasingly focused on housing reform. Current policy calls for a reduction (in stages) of housing subsidies (for which both owners and tenants of privatized apartments are eligible), with the goal of 100 percent cost recovery by 2003. But household incomes are not expected to rise commensurately, so housing's share of the household budget is likely to grow for most Russians. By the end of 1996 about 55 percent of Russian housing was privately owned. The rate of privatization peaked in Moscow in 1993 and has since abated considerably, essentially coming to a halt in 1996. The pattern was the same in smaller cities, but with a later starting date. Not surprisingly, high-quality apartments in city centers have much higher rates of privatization than lower-quality housing some distance from the center. Also affecting the decision to privatize are demographic characteristics of the occupants and household incomes, values, and education levels. Privatization has produced a far-from-uniform class of owners. The two groups most likely to have privatized their apartments--pensioners and the relatively well-off--have quite different effects on the housing market . Pensioners--the larger group--are generally not inclined to move and thus exert a negative effect on housing mobility. The well-off--a much smaller group--can be expected to participate actively in the housing market. There has been some movement toward a more efficient allocation of housing. Because of economic forces, part of the mover households moved from their original apartments to apartments that were somehow inferior. Moreover the housing market allows poorer households to find housing more in keeping with their ability and willingness to pay for it. Many renters in Russia have chosen not to privatize their apartments, influenced largely by the sense of"occupation rights"inherited from the former Soviet Union. Many Russians have little incentive to privatize their housing, but data from Moscow and two smaller cities indicate that market ideas about searching for housing are beginning to penetrate the Russian public's mentality.Real Estate Development,Land andReal Estate Development,Municipal Housing and Land,Banks&Banking Reform,Housing&Human Habitats,Housing&Human Habitats,Urban Housing,Municipal Housing and Land,Real Estate Development,Land and Real Estate Development
Chapter Alla cieca e il testimone di secondo grado
Get PDFThe essay focuses on the modalities adopted by Magris in his novel, Alla cieca, to merge literature and civil engagement through a fine narrative construction. By populating his writing with precise documentary research and taking advantage of the possibilities of invention, the author succeeds in giving voice to minimum destinies of History and save their high moral lesson. This can also be seen through a comparative reading of the pages of the novel dealing with Tito’s gulag, Goli Otok, and Scotti’s book, which is a historical reconstruction provided by witnesses of the events suffered by Italians who lived there
О специфике болгарского экспериенцера в сравнении с русским (на материале болгарских и русских предложений со значением восприятия)
Get PDFТекст аннотации отсутствует
Prepodavanie i issledovanie russkogo jazyka v Sofijskom Universitete k 60-letiju specialʹnosti russkaja filologija ; [1946 - 2006]
No full text60 godini ruska filologija v Sofijskija Universitet sbornik naučni statii = Russkaja filologija v Sofijskoj Universitete k 60-letiju specialʹnosti
No full text- …
