1,722,303 research outputs found
Lesekompetenz
No full textMüller B, Richter T. Lesekompetenz. In: Grabowski J, ed. Sinn und Unsinn von Kompetenzen: Fähigkeitskonzepte im Bereich von Sprache, Medien und Kultur . Leverkusen: Budrich; 2014: 29-49
Communication patterns for expressing real-time requirements using MSC and their application to testing
No full textThis paper introduces real-time communication patterns (RTC-patterns) for capturing real-time requirements of communication systems. RTC-patterns for some of the most common real-time requirements are presented. They are formalized by using Message Sequence Charts (MSCs). The application of RTC-patterns to testing is explained by an example. The example shows how real-time requirements which are expressed using RTC-patterns can be related to TIMEDTTCN-3 evaluation functions
Communication patterns for expressing real-time requirements using MSC and their application to testing
No full textThis paper introduces real-time communication patterns (RTC-patterns) for capturing real-time requirements of communication systems. RTC-patterns for some of the most common real-time requirements are presented. They are formalized by using Message Sequence Charts (MSCs). The application of RTC-patterns to testing is explained by an example. The example shows how real-time requirements which are expressed using RTC-patterns can be related to TIMEDTTCN-3 evaluation functions
Geometry of Quantum Systems:density states and entanglement
No full textVarious problems concerning the geometry of the space u
∗ (H) of Hermitian operators on a Hilbert space H are addressed. In particular, we study the canonical Poisson and Riemann–Jordan tensors and the corresponding foliations into K ̈ahler submanifolds. It is also shown that the space D(H) of
density states on an n-dimensional Hilbert space H is naturally a manifold stratified space with the stratification induced by the the rank of the state. Thus the space Dk(H) of rank-k states, k = 1, . . . , n, is a smooth manifold of (real) dimension 2nk − k2 − 1 and this stratification is maximal in the sense that every smooth curve in D(H), viewed as a subset of the dual u ∗ (H) to the Lie
algebra of the unitary group U(H), at every point must be tangent to the strata Dk(H) it crosses. For a quantum composite system, i.e. for a Hilbert space decomposition H = H1 ⊗ H2, an abstract criterion of entanglement is proved
ATLAS user analysis on private cloud resources at GoeGrid
No full textAbstract User analysis job demands can exceed available computing resources, especially before major conferences. ATLAS physics results can potentially be slowed down due to the lack of resources. For these reasons, cloud research and development activities are now included in the skeleton of the ATLAS computing model, which has been extended by using resources from commercial and private cloud providers to satisfy the demands. However, most of these activities are focused on Monte-Carlo production jobs, extending the resources at Tier-2. To evaluate the suitability of the cloud-computing model for user analysis jobs, we developed a framework to launch an ATLAS user analysis cluster in a cloud infrastructure on demand and evaluated two solutions. The first solution is entirely integrated in the Grid infrastructure by using the same mechanism, which is already in use at Tier-2: A designated Panda-Queue is monitored and additional worker nodes are launched in a cloud environment and assigned to a corresponding HTCondor queue according to the demand. Thereby, the use of cloud resources is completely transparent to the user. However, using this approach, submitted user analysis jobs can still suffer from a certain delay introduced by waiting time in the queue and the deployed infrastructure lacks customizability. Therefore, our second solution offers the possibility to easily deploy a totally private, customizable analysis cluster on private cloud resources belonging to the university
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Tak zwany konstytucjonalizm i poznaie prawa
No full textDa una prospettiva giusfilosofica, le tesi più interessanti del c.d. neocostituzionalismo sono quelle che sfidano il positivismo giuridico metodologico. Come approach al diritto, il positivismo giuridico presuppone la possibilità di distinguere tra il diritto qual è ed il diritto quale dovrebbe essere, tra diritto ideale e diritto reale, e, sulla base di tale distinzione, individua l’oggetto della scienza giuridica nel diritto positivo. L’attacco del neocostituzionalismo a questo modo di intendere la conoscenza del diritto ruota intorno a tre argomenti: a) l’argomento della pretesa di correttezza b) l’argomento legato alla impossibilità di distinguere nettamente l’osservatore dal partecipante e c) l’argomento della svolta interpretativa della scienza giuridica. Il mio obiettivo in questa sede è quello di mostrare che il giuspositivismo metodologico non è in grado di replicare in modo convincente ad una critica fondata su questi argomenti. Altra questione, che non affronto direttamente, è quella di stabilire se, a partire da queste critiche, sia possibile configurare una prospettiva giusfilosofica alternativa tanto al giusnaturalismo quanto al giuspositivismo. Per un verso, ritengo che si tratti di una questione leziosa, che rischia di arenarsi in dispute sterili il cui esito è pre-determinato dalle definizioni stipulative di partenza. Per altro verso, ritengo possibile e opportuno ricostruire, a livello concettuale, giupositivismo e giusnaturalismo come prospettive mutuamente esclusive. In questo caso, gli autori c.d. neocostituzionalisti potranno essere ricondotti ora all’una ora all’altra concezione del diritto a seconda che le critiche al giuspositivismo metodologico siano accompagnate da una prospettiva meta-etica oggettivista e cognitivista o, viceversa, soggettivista e non-cognitivista. Nel primo caso, ci troveremmo di fronte a concezioni del diritto anti-giuspositiviste (e, dunque, giusnaturaliste); nel secondo, di fronte a concezioni post-positiviste del diritto che, pur rinunciando alla purezza della scienza giuridica, mantengono fede alla massima auctoritas non veritas facit legem. In questo modo, si recupererebbe anche l’intuizione di giuspositivisti come Hans Kelsen ed Alf Ross che considerano il non-cognitivismo etico un elemento essenziale del positivismo giuridico.From a legal philosophical point of view, the most interesting theses of so-called neo-constitutionalism are those that challenge methodological legal positivism. As an approach to law, legal positivism presupposes the possibility of distinguishing between “law as it is” and “law as it should be”, between ideal law and real law, and, on the basis of this distinction, it identifies the object of legal science in positive law. The attack of neo-constitutionalism on this way of seeing legal knowledge revolves around three arguments: a) the argument of the correctness claim b) the argument relating to the impossibility of clearly distinguishing the observer from the participant, and c) the argument of the interpretive turn in legal science. My goal here is to show that methodological legal positivism is unable to reply convincingly to a critique based on these arguments. Another issue, which I do not deal with directly, is to determine whether, from these criticisms, it is possible to configure a legal philosophical perspective that is an alternative to both natural law doctrine and legal positivism. On the one hand, I feel that this is a futile issue, which is likely to run aground in sterile disputes whose outcome is predetermined by the starting stipulative definitions. On the other hand, I think it is possible and appropriate, at a conceptual level, to reconstruct legal positivism and natural law as mutually exclusive perspectives. In this case, the so-called neo-constitutionalist authors can be linked to the one or the other conception of law, depending on whether criticisms of methodological legal positivism are accompanied by an objectivist and cognitivist meta-ethical perspective or, conversely, by a subjectivist and non-cognitivist one. In the first case, we would be looking at anti-positive-law ideas of law (and, therefore, at natural law ones); in the second, at post-positivist conceptions of law that, despite foregoing the purity of legal science, remain faithful to the maxim auctoritas non veritas facit legem. In this way we would also recover the intuition of legal positivists like Hans Kelsen and Alf Ross, who consider ethical non-cognitivism an essential element of legal positivism
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