1,720,953 research outputs found
An exploration of pre-service science and mathematics teachers' use of visualisation in a problem solving context : a case study at a South African university.
Get PDFMaster of Education in Science Education. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Edgewood 2015.The poor performance of learners in Science and Mathematics in South Africa is a persistent cause
for concern to stakeholders in education, and to society at large. Teacher training institutes form
crucial stakeholders in Science and Mathematics education. This has been the underlying
motivation for this case study, which is based on an exploration of pre-service Science and
Mathematics teachers’ use of visualisation within a problem solving context. The study is
grounded in the interpretivist paradigm. The purpose of this study stems from anecdotal evidence
that has showed teachers’ reluctance to teach problem solving because they are unequipped and/or
not confident in solving problems.
The exploration of pre-service Science and Mathematics teachers’ use of visualisation in a problem
solving context revolved around the following critical questions: 1. What do pre-service Science
and Mathematics teachers understand by problem solving within a visualisation context? 2. Why
do pre-service Science and Mathematics teachers choose to use the visualisation strategies they
use when teaching problem solving? 3. How do pre-service Science and Mathematics teachers
plan the use of visualisation when preparing their lessons? The framework used to guide this study
falls within the interpretivist paradigm and the theory used is the metacognition theory. This theory
refers to a higher order of thinking and, simply put, thinking about thinking. In this study, it was
analysed how pre-service teachers view their teaching and what their understanding of
visualisation is within a problem solving context.
The pilot group comprised five pre-service Science and Mathematics teachers at a South African
teacher training institute who were registered for two modules, namely Natural Science Method
Two, and Mathematics Method Two. These modules include the teaching of problem solving. A
purposive sample population of eighty pre-service teachers were invited to participate in this
project, and twelve completed part of the project, while five pre-service teachers participated until
the conclusion of the project.
A qualitative methodological approach was used and pre-service teachers participated in four
stages of data collection. Firstly, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the
biographical data of the participating pre-service teachers, and their understanding of problem
solving and visualisation. Secondly, a task sheet was administered, which included a Science as
well as a Mathematics selection of problems for the pre-service teachers to solve. All problems
were purposively selected because visualisation methods could have been used to solve them. This
tool was used to decipher what visualisation strategies pre-service teachers use when solving
problems and why they use these strategies. Thirdly, a lesson plan was developed by participants
to enable an exploration of how they taught problem solving using visualisation, as well as what
cognitive processes they used to incorporate visualisation into problem solving. The fourth stage
involved engaging participants in individual, face-to-face interviews. Semi structured interview
schedules were used for both interviews. All responses were analysed and focused on the three
research questions. The findings revealed that the majority of the pre-service teachers understood
visualisation as a set of teaching aids that made solving problems easier. The majority of
participating pre-service teachers solved Mathematics problems accurately when they used a
combination of diagrams and formulae. The responses to the Science problems revealed that the
majority of participating pre-service teachers used formulae instead of diagrams to solve them.
However, the opposite scenario was presented by these participants when they generated their
lesson plans. A greater variety of visualisation strategies were used in the Science lesson plans
than in the Mathematics lesson plans.
The findings show that the use of visualisation in problem solving helped pre-service teachers
solve Science and Mathematics problems successfully. It is anticipated that the pre-service
teachers will take this finding and make use of it in their classes in the near future, which should
in turn develop more competent problem solvers at schooling level
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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