1,721,001 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Motivation des adolescents obèses pour l'activité physique. Les apports de la théorie de l'autodétermination et de l'entretien motivationnel
No full textObesity currently represents a major public health issue. Despite the fact that physical activity (PA) is recognized to play a key role in weight control, numerous studies tend to show that obese populations experience difficulties in the adoption of an active lifestyle. This doctoral dissertation deals with the psychosocial determinants of PA among obese populations. A meta-analysis was first conducted so as to determine the impact of interventions promoting PA among obese populations. Inclusion of 49 studies published to date enabled to conclude to the existence of a significant, but moderated (d=0.44), impact of interventions on participants' PA. Despite the fact that few variables (e.g., duration, type of PA indicator, format of sessions) modulated impact of interventions, few results appeared concerning the psychosocial processes implicated in those effects. Based on self-determination theory (SDT, Deci & Ryan, 2002), a program of research comprising 3 complementary studies was then conducted in order to (1) enhance the understanding of the motivational mechanisms associated with a PA adoption among obese adolescents, and (2) evaluate the impact of a motivational intervention aiming at helping this population to become more physically active. Using a cross-sectional methodology, study 1 aimed at indentifying the motivational patterns specifically associated with different type of PA (i.e., leisure time PA, sport, daily PA). The results suggest that leisure time PA is associated with high levels of identified and integrated regulations, as well as low levels of introjection. Sport participation was associated with high levels of introjection and low levels of external regulation. Study 2 explored with a qualitative methodology the motivational factors associated with the success or failure of a weight loss program for adolescents. The results indicate that participants who succeeded in losing weight expressed more support from their family and more autonomous reasons to maintain health behaviors. Lastly, study 3 consisted in a randomized controlled trial of 6 months aimed at determining to what extent the addition 6 motivational interviewing sessions (MI, Miller & Rollnick, 2002) would impact the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral weight loss program. Compared to participants who only benefited from the weight loss program, multilevel analyses reveal that adolescents who received both MI and weight loss program reported (1) an higher increase of PA (self-reported and objective), (2) an higher increase of integrated and identified regulations, (3) an higher autonomy support from medical staff and (4) a more important decrease of amotivation. Taken globally, those results both suggest interest of MI as a pertinent counseling method to promote PA among obese adolescent population as well as interest of SDT as an explanatory framework of motivational processes associated with PA adoption among obese adolescents.L'obésité représente à l'heure actuelle un problème de santé publique majeur. Malgré le rôle essentiel de l'activité physique (AP) dans la gestion du poids, de nombreuses études rapportent les difficultés d'engagement des populations obèses dans un style de vie actif. Ce travail doctoral porte sur l'étude des déterminants psychosociaux de l'AP des personnes obèses. Une méta-analyse a tout d'abord été conduite afin de déterminer l'impact des interventions faisant la promotion de l'AP auprès des populations obèses. L'analyse des 49 études publiées à ce jour, a permis de conclure à un impact significatif, mais modéré (d = 0.44) des interventions, sur l'AP des participants. Si quelques variables (e.g., durée, type d'indicateurs d'AP, format des sessions) semblent moduler le poids des interventions, il n'a pas été possible de tirer des conclusions concernant les processus psychosociaux impliqués dans ces effets. Prenant appui sur la théorie de l'autodétermination (TAD, Deci & Ryan, 2002), un programme de recherche constitué de 3 études complémentaires a ensuite été réalisé, afin (1) d'améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes motivationnels associés à l'adoption d'AP chez des adolescents obèses, et (2) d'évaluer l'impact d'une intervention motivationnelle destinée à rendre cette population plus active physiquement. Suivant un plan corrélationnel transversal, l'étude 1 avait pour objectif d'identifier les patterns motivationnels spécifiquement associés à différents types d'AP (i.e., AP sportive, de loisir, domestique). Les résultats suggèrent que l'AP de loisir est associée à un niveau élevé de régulations identifiée et intégrée, et à un faible niveau d'introjection. La pratique sportive est quant à elle, associée à un niveau élevé d'introjection et un faible niveau de régulation externe. L'étude 2 a exploré, par l'intermédiaire d'une méthodologie qualitative, les facteurs motivationnels associés au succès ou à l'échec d'un programme de gestion du poids pour adolescents. Les résultats indiquent que les participants ayant réussi à perdre du poids semblaient bénéficier d'un plus grand soutien de la part de la famille, et manifestaient une plus grande motivation autodéterminée à maintenir leurs comportements de santé. Enfin, à partir d'un plan randomisé contrôlé sur 6 mois, l'étude 3 a cherché à déterminer si l'ajout de 6 entretiens motivationnels (EM, Miller & Rollnick, 2002) augmentait l'efficacité d'un programme cognitivo-comportemental de gestion du poids. Comparés aux participants n'ayant bénéficié que du programme de gestion du poids, les analyses multi-niveaux montrent que les adolescents qui ont bénéficié à la fois des EM et du programme de gestion du poids présentaient (1) une plus grande augmentation de leur AP (auto-rapportée et objective), (2) une plus grande hausse des régulations identifiée et intégrée, (3) un niveau supérieur de soutien de l'autonomie du personnel médical, et (4) une diminution plus importante du niveau d'amotivation. Pris dans leur ensemble, ces résultats soulignent à la fois l'intérêt de l'EM, comme une stratégie pertinente pour promouvoir l'AP des adolescents obèses, et celui de la TAD comme cadre explicatif des mécanismes motivationnels associés à l'adoption d'AP chez des adolescents obèses
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Motivation of obese adolescents toward physical activity. The contributions of self-determination theory and motivational interviewing.
No full textL'obésité représente à l'heure actuelle un problème de santé publique majeur. Malgré le rôle essentiel de l'activité physique (AP) dans la gestion du poids, de nombreuses études rapportent les difficultés d'engagement des populations obèses dans un style de vie actif. Ce travail doctoral porte sur l'étude des déterminants psychosociaux de l'AP des personnes obèses. Une méta-analyse a tout d'abord été conduite afin de déterminer l'impact des interventions faisant la promotion de l'AP auprès des populations obèses. L'analyse des 49 études publiées à ce jour, a permis de conclure à un impact significatif, mais modéré (d = 0.44) des interventions, sur l'AP des participants. Si quelques variables (e.g., durée, type d'indicateurs d'AP, format des sessions) semblent moduler le poids des interventions, il n'a pas été possible de tirer des conclusions concernant les processus psychosociaux impliqués dans ces effets. Prenant appui sur la théorie de l'autodétermination (TAD, Deci & Ryan, 2002), un programme de recherche constitué de 3 études complémentaires a ensuite été réalisé, afin (1) d'améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes motivationnels associés à l'adoption d'AP chez des adolescents obèses, et (2) d'évaluer l'impact d'une intervention motivationnelle destinée à rendre cette population plus active physiquement. Suivant un plan corrélationnel transversal, l'étude 1 avait pour objectif d'identifier les patterns motivationnels spécifiquement associés à différents types d'AP (i.e., AP sportive, de loisir, domestique). Les résultats suggèrent que l'AP de loisir est associée à un niveau élevé de régulations identifiée et intégrée, et à un faible niveau d'introjection. La pratique sportive est quant à elle, associée à un niveau élevé d'introjection et un faible niveau de régulation externe. L'étude 2 a exploré, par l'intermédiaire d'une méthodologie qualitative, les facteurs motivationnels associés au succès ou à l'échec d'un programme de gestion du poids pour adolescents. Les résultats indiquent que les participants ayant réussi à perdre du poids semblaient bénéficier d'un plus grand soutien de la part de la famille, et manifestaient une plus grande motivation autodéterminée à maintenir leurs comportements de santé. Enfin, à partir d'un plan randomisé contrôlé sur 6 mois, l'étude 3 a cherché à déterminer si l'ajout de 6 entretiens motivationnels (EM, Miller & Rollnick, 2002) augmentait l'efficacité d'un programme cognitivo-comportemental de gestion du poids. Comparés aux participants n'ayant bénéficié que du programme de gestion du poids, les analyses multi-niveaux montrent que les adolescents qui ont bénéficié à la fois des EM et du programme de gestion du poids présentaient (1) une plus grande augmentation de leur AP (auto-rapportée et objective), (2) une plus grande hausse des régulations identifiée et intégrée, (3) un niveau supérieur de soutien de l'autonomie du personnel médical, et (4) une diminution plus importante du niveau d'amotivation. Pris dans leur ensemble, ces résultats soulignent à la fois l'intérêt de l'EM, comme une stratégie pertinente pour promouvoir l'AP des adolescents obèses, et celui de la TAD comme cadre explicatif des mécanismes motivationnels associés à l'adoption d'AP chez des adolescents obèses.Obesity currently represents a major public health issue. Despite the fact that physical activity (PA) is recognized to play a key role in weight control, numerous studies tend to show that obese populations experience difficulties in the adoption of an active lifestyle. This doctoral dissertation deals with the psychosocial determinants of PA among obese populations. A meta-analysis was first conducted so as to determine the impact of interventions promoting PA among obese populations. Inclusion of 49 studies published to date enabled to conclude to the existence of a significant, but moderated (d=0.44), impact of interventions on participants' PA. Despite the fact that few variables (e.g., duration, type of PA indicator, format of sessions) modulated impact of interventions, few results appeared concerning the psychosocial processes implicated in those effects. Based on self-determination theory (SDT, Deci & Ryan, 2002), a program of research comprising 3 complementary studies was then conducted in order to (1) enhance the understanding of the motivational mechanisms associated with a PA adoption among obese adolescents, and (2) evaluate the impact of a motivational intervention aiming at helping this population to become more physically active. Using a cross-sectional methodology, study 1 aimed at indentifying the motivational patterns specifically associated with different type of PA (i.e., leisure time PA, sport, daily PA). The results suggest that leisure time PA is associated with high levels of identified and integrated regulations, as well as low levels of introjection. Sport participation was associated with high levels of introjection and low levels of external regulation. Study 2 explored with a qualitative methodology the motivational factors associated with the success or failure of a weight loss program for adolescents. The results indicate that participants who succeeded in losing weight expressed more support from their family and more autonomous reasons to maintain health behaviors. Lastly, study 3 consisted in a randomized controlled trial of 6 months aimed at determining to what extent the addition 6 motivational interviewing sessions (MI, Miller & Rollnick, 2002) would impact the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral weight loss program. Compared to participants who only benefited from the weight loss program, multilevel analyses reveal that adolescents who received both MI and weight loss program reported (1) an higher increase of PA (self-reported and objective), (2) an higher increase of integrated and identified regulations, (3) an higher autonomy support from medical staff and (4) a more important decrease of amotivation. Taken globally, those results both suggest interest of MI as a pertinent counseling method to promote PA among obese adolescent population as well as interest of SDT as an explanatory framework of motivational processes associated with PA adoption among obese adolescents
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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