19 research outputs found
Scientometric analysis of synchronous references in the Physics Nobel lectures, 1981-1985 : a pilot study
No full textScientometric analysis of synchronous references in the nine Physics Nobel lectures by Nicolaas Bloembergen (1981), Arthur L. Schawlow (1981), Kai M. Siegbahn (1981), Kenneth G. Wilson (1982), Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1983), William A. Fowler (1983), Carlo Rubbia (1984), Simon van der Meer (1984), and Klaus von Klitzing (1985) indicated high variations: No. of Synchronous References ranged from 24 (Meer) to 283 (Siegbahn); Synchronous Self-References ranged from 5 (Rubbia) to 88 (Siegbahn); synchronous references to others ranged from 10 (Chandrasekhar) to 255 (Wilson); Synchronous Self-Reference Rates ranged from 6.66 % (Rubbia) to 65.51 % (Chandrasekhar); Single-Authored References ranged from 15 (Klitzing) to 160 (Wilson); Multi-Authored References ranged from 4 (Chandrasekhar) to 194 (Siegbahn); Collaboration Coefficient in the synchronous references ranged from 0.14 (Chandrasekhar) to 0.75 (Klitzing); and Recency (age of 50 % of the latest references) ranged from 2 (Klitzing) to 18 (Chandrasekhar) years. Seventy five per cent of the references belonged to journal articles. Highly referred journals were Astrophysical Journal, Physical Review B, Physical Review Letters, Arkiv Fuer Fysik, Surface Science, Physics Letters, and IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.
See: Scientometrics Vol. 61 No.1, pp.55-68
H. J. Bhabha : a case study of synchronous references
No full textQuantitative analysis of the events of synchronous references in the research papers followed throughout the publishing career of an individual scientist revealed interesting highlights on the knowledge-generating-system. In the case study of Homi Jehangir Bhabha first quinquennium and fifth quinquennium of his research career had low Self-references; third quinquennium and fourth quinquennium had moderate Self-references; whereas second quinquennium had highest Self-references. The two major clusters of Self-references occurring during the second and third quinquennium were indicators of active periods of knowledgegenerating and faster communications.(Revised version published in 2006 in International Journal of Nuclear Knowledge Management,Vol.2. No.1. pp.14-30. see PDF2
Scientometric portrait of Nobel laureate Leland H. Hartwell
No full textLeland H. Hartwell was honoured with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2001) at his 62 years age and at 41 years of research publishing career. The first contribution of the author was in 1961 at the age of 22. The number of his contributions in a year peaked in 1997 when it touched 8. He had 108 publications during 1961 – 2001 in domains: Molecular Biology of Cell Cycle Regulation (43), Genetics of Cell Division (48), Genomic Re-arrangement and DNA Repair (9), Molecular Genetics of Yeast Cell Fission (5), and Drug Target Interaction (3) which were analysed for authorship pattern with his 101 collaborators. Most active researchers having number of publications with Leland H. Hartwell were : Weinert, T. A. (10), Garvik, B. M. (8), McLaughlin, C. S. (8), Jenness, D. D. (5). His productivity coefficient was 0.76 which clearly indicates that his productivity increased after 50 percentile age. Highest collaboration coefficient (1) for Leland H. Hartwell was found during 1963-1965, 1968-1969, 1977, 1981-1983, 1985-1990, 1996 and 1998-2001. Journals have been the most preferred channel of communication where, as many as 96 papers out of 108 have been published. The core journals publishing his papers were: Cell (14), Genetics (12), Mol. Cell Biol. (8), J. Bactariol. (7), J. Cell Biol. ( 7), Science (7) J. Mol. Biol.(6), Exp. Cell Res. (5), and Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.(5). Publication density is 2.63 and Publication concentration is 14.63. Most prolific keywords in titles of publications were: Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Yeast , Cell division cycle , RAD9, DNA Damage , Genes , Cell cycle, Genetic control , Check point (s) , Cell division , Mutant of Yeast
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Analytical study of contents of LANL physics and cross-listed e-print archives, 1994-2002
No full textThe frontiers of physics and cross-listed e-print archives posted during the years 1994-2002 at http://www.arxiv.org/archives/physics web service of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) are explored from 7770 submissions. E-print archives posted to top most six physics-cross-listed research categories besides physics (5390) are: Condensed matter (754), Quantum physics (279), Astrophysics (222), Chemical physics (129), High energy physics - Phenomenology (118), and High energy physics-Theory (100). Prominent contributors are B.G. Sidharth (India), V.V. Flambaum (Australia), Antonina N. Fedorova (Russia), and Michael G. Zeitlin (Russia). Most preferred journals for rechannelising e-print archives are Physical Review Letters, Physical Review A, Physical Review E, Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, and Journal of Chemical Physics
Dynamic Characterization of Connections in Plane Frames Using SFFEM
No full textAbstractIn the construction of civil engineering structures, two or more members are often rigidly connected to increase the structural integrity. These rigid joints are often designed with bolts, rivets and welding. The actions of in-service loading and environmental effects, or fabrication errors make these joints semirigid, which ultimately reduces the structural reliability. Realistic dynamic analysis of these structures requires accurate modelling of rigidity of joints. Dynamic analysis of plane frames can be accomplished by combining spectrally formulated Rod and Euler-Bernoulli Beam element. In this study, a six parameter spectral plane frame joint element is formulated using linear and rotational springs to account for semi-rigidity of joints. Methodology and experimental set up for evaluation of dynamic characteristics of connections is discussed in this paper
The Implications of Using Risk Management Plans (REMS) to Block Generic Drug Development: When Good Intentions Have Unintended Results
No full textEnclosed is my law review article for publication. My research indicates that it is the first of its kind that analyzes disparate legal theories such as FDA law, antitrust, patents, and real property takings. The topic is important because more and more generic companies are facing obstacles in getting their versions approved from FDA. This is due to strict controls put into place by the brand drug company that thwarts the generic company’s attempt to procure brand drug samples. FDA has suggested it is powerless to act. Private litigants are using the antitrust laws alone to compel access. FTC is investigating whether anticompetitive effects are occurring. This article matters because it fills a critical gap.
Although scholarship exists in traditional antitrust law concerning the essential facilities doctrine; and in real property after Kelo v. City of New London’s 5th Amendment public purpose case, no scholarship has applied antitrust, 5th Amendment, FDA, and patent law together in this one unique, but very important area.
New FDA laws require brand companies to promulgate safety and distribution controls to ensure ultimate patient safety. These are known as Risk Minimization Action Plans (RiskMAPs) and Risk Evaluation & Mitigation Strategies (REMS). REMS are used to control brand drug access such that no generic company can obtain the product to run the comparative BE studies. The Hatch Waxman Act of 1984, which was specifically promulgated to modernize the drug approval process for both brand and generic companies and facilitate early generic drug entry, potentially stand in conflict with the REMS statutes. The REMS good intention to enhance patient safety has led to the questionable result of blocking early generic drug entry. The policies underlying the regimes conflict.
This article will discuss the impact of REMS on generic drug development. This topic will continue to plague the industry and create uncertainty on both sides. The market dynamics are in conflict, namely: more new branded drugs become subject to REMS controls; it is undisputed that there is a decrease in the overall number of new drugs being discovered; increased pressures on brand companies to protect residual and future revenues and profits; and the desires of payors to control spiraling drug costs.
This topic explores virgin territory; no precedent yet exists and no theory has been tested in court. There is a gap in the law that needs to be filled. This topic borrows from the diverse subjects of patents, FDA regulation, antitrust, and real property to develop cross-disciplinary theories to determine which, if any, can work. Without some type of access, the payors’ savings associated with generic drug use will not be realized. But requiring one party to develop a REMS that is then used by another, perhaps free of charge, creates a free rider problem. This article does not take the position that brand drug controls are inherently bad and that generic utilization is good. Rather, given the Congressional desire to facilitate generic drug utilization and that health care costs are obviously needed, if such brand controls currently exist and have a demonstrated negative effect on access, then this article explores if legal vehicles exist to overcome those controls.
As a former chief executive IP and legal officer for many drug companies, I have counseled clients, associations, and government agencies in the field of pharma IP and FDA law. I am also the author of the leading treatise (now in its 6th Edition) on generic pharm IP and FDA law, published by Thomson Reuters (West). My co-author Braden Lang is a recent law school graduate who assisted on important areas of the article. I am currently a partner at Seyfarth Shaw, LLP where I continue my practice in IP and pharma FDA law
