334 research outputs found
Developing social skills to children with autism in preschool
No full textKvalifikācijas darba temats : Sociālo prasmju veicināšana bērniem ar autismu 5-6 gadu vecumā pirmsskolā. Darba autore : Sarma Liede Darba mērķis : Pētīt pedagoģiskās metodes sociālo prasmju veicināšanai bērniem ar AST un noskaidrot vai šīs metodes darbojas praksē. Pētīt sociālo prasmju īpašības bērniem ar AST un noskaidrot galvenās problēmas, šos bērnus iekļaujot Latvijas vispārizglītojošajās pirmsskolās. Darba saturs. Teorētiskajā daļā tiek pētīta dažādu autoru literatūra un atziņas par sociālo prasmju veicināšanu, autiskā spektra traucējumiem un iekļaujošo izglītību. Empīriskajā daļā tiek novērota sociālo prasmju veicināšanas metodikas izmantošana praksē, kā arī tiek pētīta reālā situācija Latvijā, iekļaujot īpašos bērnus, no vecāku perspektīvas. Pētījuma rezultāti: apkopotas metodes sociālo prasmju veicināšanai bērniem ar AST; Secināts, ka iekļaujošā izglītība ikdienas darbā Latvijas izglītības iestādēs teorētiski ir skaidra, bet praksē netiek pilnvērtīgi nodrošināta. Darba struktūra : 49 lappuses, 15 attēli, 3 tabulas, 38 izmantotās literatūras un avotu vienības, 1 pielikums. Atslēgas vārdi : sociālās prasmes, autisms, iekļaujošā izglītība, autiskā spektra traucējumi.Title of qualification paper : Developing social skills to children with autism in preschool. Author of the work : Sarma Liede Research aim: To study pedagogical methods for promoting social skill in children with autism and to find out wether those methods work also in practise. Also to study issues about autistic children social skills and find out main problems of including those children in general education in Latvia in preschools. Paper content: The theoretical part studies the literature and other findings on social skills of various authors about social skills, autism spectrum anc inclusive education. In the empirical part , the use of social skills promotion methodology in practise is observed, as well as the real situation in Latvia including special children (from parents perspective). Results of research : summerized methods for promoting social skills in children with autism. Inclusive education in daily work in Latvian educational institutions is theoretically clear, but in practise it is not fully provided. Keywords : social skills, autism, inclusive education, autistic spektrum disorder. Volume of qualification paper : 49 pages, 15 pictures, 3 tabulas, 38 literature sources, 1 annexe
Promotion of cooperation skills of 3-4 year old children in movement games.
No full textKvalifikācijas darba temats: 3-4 gadu vecu bērnu sadarbības prasmes veicināšana kustību rotaļās. Kvalifikācijas darba autore: Sarma Jansone Kvalifikācijas darba mērķis bija izzināt rotaļu ietekmi uz 3-4 gadus vecu bērnu sadarbības prasmju attīstību. Kvalifikācijas darbs sastāv no divām daļām- teorētiskās un empīriskās daļas. Pētījuma teorētiskajā daļā tika apkopota un analizēta pedagoģiskā, psiholoģiskā literatūra un dažādu autoru izteiktās atziņas par sociālajām un sadarbības prasmēm, kustību rotaļu kā sadarbības prasmju sekmētāju un 3-4 gadus veciem bērniem. Pamatojoties uz analizēto literatūru darba autore izstrādāja kritērijus un rādītājus, lai veiktu pētījumu un analizētu bērnu sasniegumus. Pētījuma otrajā daļā tika veikts empīriskais pētījums, lai izpētītu kāda ir rotaļu ietekme uz 3-4 gadus vecu bērnu sadarbības prasmju attīstību. Pētījuma metodes: novērošana, pedagoģiskā izmēģinājuma darbība, analīze. Iegūtie dati tika apkopoti un analizēti, pētījuma gaitā, piemērojot rotaļas bērnu individuālajām spējām un grupas kopējais dinamikai. Atslēgas vārdi: pirmsskola, bērns, attīstība, sociālās prasmes, sadarbība, kustību rotaļa. Kvalifikācijas darbs sastāv no : no 40 lappusēm, t. sk. 1 pielikumiem, 6 tabulām, 6 attēliem, 37 izmantotiem literatūras avotiem.The topic of the qualification work: promotion of cooperation skills of 3-4 year old children in movement games. Author of the qualification work: Sarma Jansone The purpose of the qualification work was to find out the influence of play on the development of cooperation skills of 3-4-year-old children. The qualification work consists of two parts - theoretical and empirical part. In the first part of the research, the pedagogical and psychological literature and the insights expressed by various authors about social and cooperation skills, movement games as a promoter of cooperation skills and 3-4 year old children were collected and analyzed. Based on the analyzed literature, the author of the work developed criteria and indicators to conduct research and analyze children's achievements. In the second part of the study, an empirical study was conducted to find out the influence of play on the development of cooperation skills of 3-4-year-old children. The study used such methods as child observation, pedagogical trial activity, and analysis. The obtained research data were analyzed. Key words: preschool, social skills, cooperation, movement games, child development. The qualification work consists of: pages 40, i.e. see 1 appendices, 6 tables, 6 images, used literature 37 sources
The Art of Memory and the Growth of the Scientific Method
No full textI argue that European schools of thought on memory and memorization were critical in enabling growth of the scientific method. After giving a historical overview of the development of the memory arts from ancient Greece through 17th century Europe, I describe how the Baconian viewpoint on the scientific method was fundamentally part of a culture and a broader dialogue that conceived of memorization as a foundational methodology for structuring knowledge and for developing symbolic means for representing scientific concepts. The principal figures of this intense and rapidly evolving intellectual milieu included some of the leading thinkers traditionally associated with the scientific revolution; among others, Francis Bacon, Renes Descartes, and Gottfried Leibniz. I close by examining the acceleration of mathematical thought in light of the art of memory and its role in 17th century philosophy, and in particular, Leibniz’s project to develop a universal calculus
Doing things twice (or differently): Strategies to identify studies for targeted validation
No full textThe “reproducibility crisis” has been a highly visible source of scientific controversy and dispute. Here, I propose and review several avenues for identifying and prioritizing research studies for the purpose of targeted validation. Of the various proposals discussed, I identify scientific data science as being a strategy that merits greater attention among those interested in reproducibility. I argue that the tremendous potential of scientific data science for uncovering high-value research studies is a significant and rarely discussed benefit of the transition to a fully open-access publishing model.</jats:p
Reconsidering Written Language
No full textA number of elite thinkers in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries pursued an agenda which historian Paolo Rossi calls the “quest for a universal language,” a quest which was deeply interwoven with the emergence of the scientific method. From a modern perspective, one of the many surprising aspects of these efforts is that they relied on a diverse array of memorization techniques as foundational elements. In the case of Leibniz’s universal calculus, the ultimate vision was to create a pictorial language that could be learned by anyone in a matter of weeks and which would contain within it a symbolic representation of all domains of contemporary thought, ranging from the natural sciences, to theology, to law. In this brief article, I explore why this agenda might have been appealing to thinkers of this era by examining ancient and modern memory feats. As a thought experiment, I suggest that a society built entirely upon memorization might be less limited than we might otherwise imagine, and furthermore, that cultural norms discouraging the use of written language might have had implications for the development of scientific methodology. Viewed in this light, the efforts of Leibniz and others seem significantly less surprising. I close with some general observations about cross-cultural origins of scientific thought
Collecting Systematic, Introspective Reports of Pharmacological Effects and Side-Effects
No full textThe study of subjective, first-person experience is a topic with both philosophical and practical implications. In this article, I discuss the value of collecting a critical mass of prose or verbal descriptions of introspectively determined, subjective effects of pharmacological agents. I suggest that datasets of introspective reports fit in the modern research landscape at the intersection of biomedical informatics and the emerging discipline of contemplative neuroscience. I compare the current proposal to Descriptive Experience Sampling (DES), discuss relevant methodological and conceptual issues in the study of introspection, and provide a list of questions for directing future investigation
Scientific literature text mining and the case for Open Access
No full text“Open access” has become a central theme of journal reform in academic publishing. In this article, I examine the relationship between open access publishing and an important infrastructural element of a modern research enterprise, scientific literature text mining, or the use of data analytic techniques to conduct meta-analyses and investigations into the scientific corpus. I give a brief history of the open access movement, discuss novel journalistic practices, and an overview of data-driven investigation of the scientific corpus. I argue that particularly in an era where the veracity of many research studies has been called into question, scientific literature text mining should be one of the key motivations for open access publishing, not only in the basic sciences, but in the engineering and applied sciences as well. The enormous benefits of unrestricted access to the research literature should prompt scholars from all disciplines to lend their vocal support to enabling legal, wholesale access to the scientific literature as part of a data science pipeline.</jats:p
Should we train scientific generalists?
No full textI examine the topic of training scientific generalists. To focus the discussion, I propose the creation of a new graduate program, analogous in structure to existing MD/PhD programs, aimed at training a critical mass of scientific researchers with substantial intellectual breadth. In addition to completing the normal requirements for a PhD, students would undergo an intense, several year training period designed to expose them to the core vocabulary of multiple subjects at the graduate level. After providing some historical and philosophical context for this proposal, I outline how such a program could be implemented with little institutional overhead by existing research universities. Finally, I discuss alternative possibilities for training generalists by taking advantage of contemporary developments in online learning and open science
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