1,721,090 research outputs found
The nonlinear relationship between team potency and team creativity : countervailing mechanisms
No full textIn prior research, a nonlinear relationship between team potency and team creativity was proposed (Miron-Spektor et al., 2011). However, the descriptions of the nature and the underlying mechanisms that produce the nonlinear relationship are still inconsistent. Building on the process model of team regulation, I propose and test two mechanisms (team persistency and team satisfaction with the current state) that explain this nonlinear relationship. In Study 1 (155 teams from two organizations) and Study 2 (122 teams from seven organizations), I find that team potency has a positive relationship with team persistency and a nonlinear relationship with team satisfaction with the current state. In turn, team persistency and team satisfaction with the current state have, respectively, a positive and a negative relationship with team creativity. Together, the above two mechanisms produce a nonlinear relationship between team potency and team creativity. My main contribution is to explicate the mechanisms (team persistency and team satisfaction with the current state) that would produce the nonlinear relationship between team potency and team creativity and reconcile inconclusive findings in the literature. Keywords: Team potency; team creativity; team persistency; team satisfaction with the current state</p
Three essays on artificial intelligence and creativity in organizations
No full textThis dissertation focuses on two timely phenomena in organizational behavior: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and creativity. AI is rapidly spreading in organizations and can now perform "creative" tasks that used to be the cornerstone of humans. I focus on how the performance of "creative" tasks--e.g., recruiting or producing visual content--by AI impacts human agents' attitudes and behaviors. As creativity is a social process, I expand the focus to study how group errors relate to workplace creativity. Folk theories are the theoretical fil rouge of this dissertation: Folk theories guide assessments and decisions when individuals are faced with ambiguous circumstances, such as evaluating a painting made by AI, interpreting the occurrence of an error, or the selection of new recruits. In Essay I build on folk psychology to examine whether people evaluate creativity of a target differently when they are told that the producer is AI or human. With four experimental studies I found that people sometimes discount the creativity of a production when it is described as made by AI rather than humans, but also that this bias is not ubiquitous, and rather depends on influences both internal and external to the evaluator. In Essay 2 I study how the utilization of AI in recruitment impacts job applicants' attraction to an organization. Building on signaling theory, with four experimental studies I show that warmth (but not competence) perceptions drive the influence of the recruiter's identity as AI (vs human) on recruitment outcomes. This indirect effect is moderated by job applicants' familiarity with AI. In Essay 3, taking a threat-rigidity perspective, I study how the occurrence of errors can engender creativity in teams through appraisals of errors as threats and opportunities, and how need for closure moderates the impact of errors on appraisals.</p
The Impact of Algorithmic versus Human Decision-making on Perceptions of Distributive Justice
No full textThis research investigates how algorithmic decision-making (ADM), compared to human decision-making (HDM), influences individuals’ distributive justice perceptions. Across five online experiments, we proposed and examined the mediating roles of interpersonal consistency and evaluative comprehensiveness and the moderating influence of social comparison motivation (activated via relative vs. absolute outcomes) in the relationship between ADM and distributive justice perceptions. Integrating motivated cognition with equity theory, we posit that the activation of social comparison motivation would influence how individuals process information regarding distributive justice. The findings reveal that the impact of ADM on distributive justice perceptions is contingent on context. Under absolute outcome scenarios, the indirect effect of decision-agent type (i.e., ADM vs. HDM) on distributive justice perceptions is more substantially mediated by the negative pathway through perceived evaluative comprehensiveness than by the positive pathway via perceived interpersonal consistency of the decision-making. However, this dynamic shifts when outcomes are presented in a relative context. In relative outcome contexts, decision-agent type’s indirect effect on distributive justice is primarily mediated through the positive pathway of perceived interpersonal consistency, while the negative mediating role of evaluative comprehensiveness is diminished. We further explored the differential moderating role of outcome favorability under relative and absolute outcome contexts.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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