53 research outputs found
The influence of sufism on the development of Persian mosque architecture / Ali Goodarzi
No full textMosques have always been recognized along with a series of patterns (archetypes) such as the dome, the arch, the mihrab, the courtyard, the portal and the minaret, which have shaped the architecture language of the Islamic place of worship worldwide. However these set of patterns did not exist in the creation of the first mosques, and in the third
and fourth century A.H. emerged and developed gradually as major features of the mosque in the Persian lands and provided definitive functions in the congregational
Muslim rituals. At the time of these constructive changes in the body of the mosque in Persia an ideological shift also developed from traditional Islam, towards a more
esoteric experience known as Sufism.
The Author believes that the Sufism movement has had a significant role in the development occurred in the Persian mosque architecture and the introduction of the 6 main patterns. However no research has directly addressed the connection between Sufism and these changes. Thus the aim of this research is to examine whether or not the Sufi ideology has been the main reason that has led to the introduction of the 6 main patterns of the Persian mosque, and to explore the physical, emotional, mental and
spiritual influences of the Sufi ideology on the 6 main patterns of the Persian Mosque; and whether they have helped in creating a better ambiance for the act of worship.
The research deploys two case studies on the Grand Mosque and Imperial Mosque of Esfahan, based on a qualitative approach. The results of a thorough study on the Sufi
ideology, in-depth structured interviews and a deep direct observation on the 2 cases mentioned, prove the influence of Sufism in the creation of the 6 patterns of mosque
architecture in Persia. The results further reveal how these 6 patterns have contributed to providing a better ambiance in the mosque for the act of worship by creating a unique spiritual experience for the worshippers
Corrigendum: Sherkatolabbasieh H, Hagh-Nazari L, Shafiezadeh S, Goodarzi N, Zangeneh MM, Zangeneh A. Ameliorative effects of the ethanolic extract of Allium saralicum R.M. Fritsch on CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity in mice: A stereological examination. Arch Biol Sci. 2017;69(3): 535-43. https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS160914129S
No full textThe corresponding author of the article Sherkatolabbasieh H, Hagh-Nazari L,
Shafiezadeh S, Goodarzi N, Zangeneh MM, Zangeneh A. Ameliorative effects of
the ethanolic extract of Allium saralicum R.M. Fritsch on CCl4-induced
nephrotoxicity in mice: A stereological examination. Arch Biol Sci.
2017;69(3):535-43 has requested to change the affiliations of the authors. Link to the corrected article 10.2298/ABS160914129S</u
Multi-criteria protection scheme for online element failure detection in shunt capacitor banks
No full textThis paper deals with a fault detection investigation of SCBs, and it is focused on the faulty phase detection and the number of faulty capacitor units. Unlike previous methods, the proposed method provides a relay decision making criterion which determine the faulty capacitors, and the number of capacitor failures in case of multiple faulty phase conditions. The proposed algorithm is applied on different wye configurations of SCBs considering different protection designs (i.e., fuseless, internally and externally fused units). Since the detection of capacitor failures in SCBs are based on the fundamental phasor component, there may occur a significant delay in decision making in the case of an external short circuit fault in the power system. The aforementioned condition, which will be mathematically proven, happens due to a capacitor discharge after fault clearance. To deal with this condition, a method is proposed by applying an algorithm, in which the fundamental component of the voltage signal is extracted in one cycle. Performance evaluations associated with the proposed method are provided for different fault conditions, fault locations, and different levels of harmonics and, they are further discussed through the implementation of the proposed method in MATLAB environment.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid
Prebiotic prophylaxis of abdominal bloating in mechanically ventilated patients fed through nasogastric tubes: A randomised clinical trial
No full textLong term operation of engineered anaerobic bioreactors and wetland cells treating zinc, arsenic and cadmium in seepage : results, longevity, cost and design issues.
No full textAt the Trail Smelter, contaminated seepage water is collected and a portion is diverted for treatment to a large pilot-scale wetland system. The design, construction (in stages from 1997 to 2002) and long term sampling (1998-2007) of the wetland system treating high concentrations of zinc, arsenic and cadmium is presented. The final system configuration has been operating year-round since 2002 treating approximately 15,000 L/d. The system is comprised of two vertical upflow anaerobic (compost) bioreactors followed by three horizontal subsurface flow vegetated wetland cells, a slow sand filter and a final holding cell. Operational sampling was done for water quality (metals and various anions), bacterial communities (MPN, PFLA and DGGE) and vegetation (metals content). After several years of operation one of the anaerobic cells was taken apart and rebuilt in 2002. Extensive solid substrate sampling during deconstruction was analyzed for mineralization (SEM/EDS), metals and carbon content (Rock-Eval pyrolysis) to estimate the potential cell life.
The system treats seepage with zinc up to 3800 mg/L (average ~ 260 mg/L), arsenic to 3600 mg/L (average ~ 150 mg/L) and Cd to 83 mg/L (average ~ 4.7 mg/L) which are reduced to <0.5 mg/L (<0.02 mg/L for Cd). Vegetation sampling showed variable uptake into exposed plants at much higher levels than control plants. Plant toxicity was experienced in the system. Evapotranspiration and rhizofiltration are the preferred use of plants as opposed to metal hyper-accumulating plants. Bacterial sampling indicated the presence of sulphate reducing bacteria and a diverse anaerobic microbial community throughout the system despite the high metals entering the system. The predicted life of the anaerobic cell by Rock Eval 6 was 18 years with a range from 17 to 21 years, while based on biomass calculations could range from 14 to 34 years. Where wetlands systems can be successfully used, their cost and environmental and social sustainability is very favourable when compared to chemical treatment systems (e.g. lime-dosing systems). Based on author‟s experience at the Trail and other sites, the design issues faced by full scale wetland systems are presented and recommendations made to ensure a successful system.Graduat
Shunt Capacitor Bank Fault Detection and Localization Using Sub-Cycle Algorithm
No full textFast internal detection and location in Shunt Ca-pacitor Banks (SCBs) can lead to the prevention of damages to other SCBs' elements and consequently avoid undesirable performance and effects in power system operation. This paper targets the performance of phasor-based algorithms of failure detection and fault location of SCBs. Being dependent on the fundamental phasor components which usually are calculated based on the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), the failure detection and fault location algorithms suffer from almost one-cycle delay. This paper provides sub-cycle phasor estimation based on the least-square technique. The proposed algorithm is evaluated for different configurations of SCBs considering different fuse protection designs. The proposed method provides a criterion for relay decision-making in the case of multiple faulty phases condition. The proposed method is designed to monitor and detect consecutive failures based on the existing data of commercial relays. Performance evaluations are conducted under different circumstances namely voltage unbalance conditions and multiple internal fault locations.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid
Investigation of the Effects of the Reinforcement of Civil Society and Administrative Amendments on Good Governance as well as the Reduction of Administrative Corruption (the Case of the Tax Office of the City of Arak)
No full textThe author of the present study has tried to investigate the effects of reinforcement of civil society and administrative amendments on good governance as well as the reduction of administrative corruption. The population of this study is comprised of the entire employees of the tax office of the city of Arak. In terms of purpose, the present research is considered as an applied study while in terms of methods, it is considered as an objective study and hence, for the purpose of the collection of the required research data the author has practiced several library studies in addition to using a questionnaire form that was distributed among 205 employees. The former questionnaire was found to be of sufficient validity and reliability. It is worthy of mentioning that the research hypotheses of the present study have been analyzed through the application of the LISREL software. Results of the study have shown that: 1) reinforcement of the civil society has a positive effect on good governance; 2) reinforcement of the civil society is of positive effects on the reduction of administrative corruption; 3) Administrative amendment has a positive effect on goof governance; 4) administrative amendment has a positive effect on the reduction of administrative corruption; 5) good governance has a positive effect on the reduction of administrative corruption
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