17 research outputs found
A note on the factorization of iterated quadratics over finite fields
No full textLet be a monic quadratic polynomial over a finite field of odd
characteristic. In 2012, Boston and Jones constructed a Markov process based on
the post-critical orbit of , and conjectured that its limiting distribution
explains the factorization of large iterates of . Later on, Xia, Boston, and
the author did extensive Magma computations and found some exceptional families
of quadratics that do not seem to follow the original Markov model conjectured
by Boston and Jones. They did this by empirically observing that certain
factorization patterns predicted by the Boston-Jones model never seem to occur
for these polynomials, and suggested a multi-step Markov model which takes
these missing factorization patterns into account. In this note, we provide
proofs for all these missing factorization patterns. These are the first
provable results that explain why the original conjecture of Boston and Jones
does not hold for all monic quadratic polynomials.Comment: 13 page
A Play of Custom: Besa Yahut Ahde Vefa
No full textŞemsettin Sami is a well-known figure in Turkish culture and literature, especially for his very important works in the fields of language and lexicography. However, he has a lot of unknown aspects which played second fiddle to this welldeserved reputation. Playwriting is one of them.Ş. Sami, as he engaged in the other genres of literature, didn’t neglected the drama and wrote several plays. His play Besa yahut Ahde Vefa which published in 1292 AH, is one of his first writing experiences in this genre. Besa yahut Ahde Vefa is a drama which was written according to an apprehension that had been a trend under name of national theatre in ‘Tanzimat’ era. In other words, the work, as it is highlighted by setting off in the title, is a play of custom. In the play the events occur around this custom and tradition called Besa that belongs to people of Albania which is the birthplace of Sami. Besa is a kind of oath and extremely important among Albanian customs. In this article, the play Besa yahut Ahde Vefa is reviewed and discussed with regard to fiction which oriented to reflect the custom, and the approach of the author to aforementioned customŞemsettin Sami, Türk kültür ve edebiyat tarihinde özellikle dil ve sözlükçülük alanlarında yapmış olduğu son derece önemli çalışmaları ile tanınan bir şahsiyettir. Ancak onun biraz da bu haklı tanınmanın gölgesinde kalan ve çokça bilinmeyen başkaca yönleri de vardır. Oyun yazarlığı, bunlardan biridir. Ş. Sami, diğer edebiyat türleriyle uğraştığı gibi tiyatroyu da ihmal etmemiş ve bu türde oyunlar kaleme almıştır. Hicrî 1292 yılında yayımladığı Besa yahut Ahde Vefa adlı oyunu, bu sahadaki ilk kalem tecrübelerindendir. Besa yahut Ahde Vefa, Tanzimat döneminde milli tiyatro adı altında moda olan anlayışa bağlı olarak kaleme alınan bir tiyatro eserdir. Başka bir ifadeyle eser, başlıkta da öne çıkarılarak vurgulandığı gibi bir töre oyunudur ve oyun, Ş. Sami’nin doğduğu yer olan Arnavutluk halkının bir âdeti/töresi veya anlayışı üzerine döner: Besa. Besa, bir tür yemindir ve Arnavut töresinde son derece önemlidir. Bu makalede Besa yahut Ahde Vefa oyununun, bütünüyle töreyi yansıtmaya dönük olduğu dikkatlerden kaçmayan kurgusu ve yazarın söz konusu töreye yaklaşımı ele alınmış ve incelenmeye çalışılmıştı
Misiurewicz polynomials and dynamical units, Part I
No full textWe study the dynamics of the unicritical polynomial family
. The -values for which has a
strictly preperiodic postcritical orbit are called Misiurewicz parameters, and
they are the roots of Misiurewicz polynomials. The arithmetic properties of
these special parameters have found applications in both arithmetic and complex
dynamics. In this paper, we investigate some new such properties. In
particular, when is a prime power and is a Misiurewicz parameter, we
prove certain arithmetic relations between the points in the postcritical orbit
of . We also consider the algebraic integers obtained by evaluating a
Misiurewicz polynomial at a different Misiurewicz parameter, and we ask when
these algebraic integers are algebraic units. This question naturally arises
from some results recently proven by Buff, Epstein, and Koch and by the second
author. We propose a conjectural answer to this question, which we prove in
many cases.Comment: 16 page
Square patterns in dynamical orbits
No full textLet be an odd prime power. Let be a polynomial
having degree at least , , and denote by the -th
iteration of . Let be the quadratic character of , and
the forward orbit of under iteration by . Suppose
that the sequence is periodic, and is its
period. Assuming a mild and generic condition on , we show that, up to a
constant, can be bounded from below by
. More informally, we
prove that the period of the appearance of squares in an orbit of an element
provides an upper bound for the size of the orbit itself. Using a similar
method, we can also prove that, up to a constant, we cannot have more than
consecutive squares or non-squares in the
forward orbit of . In addition, we provide a classification of all
polynomials for which our generic condition does not hold.Comment: 17 page
Misiurewicz polynomials and dynamical units, Part II
No full textFix an integer . The parameters for which
the unicritical polynomial has finite
postcritical orbit, also known as Misiurewicz parameters, play a significant
role in complex dynamics. Recent work of Buff, Epstein, and Koch proved the
first known cases of a long-standing dynamical conjecture of Milnor using their
arithmetic properties, about which relatively little is otherwise known.
Continuing our work in a companion paper, we address further arithmetic
properties of Misiurewicz parameters, especially the nature of the algebraic
integers obtained by evaluating the polynomial defining one such parameter at a
different Misiurewicz parameter. In the most challenging such combinations, we
describe a connection between such algebraic integers and the multipliers of
associated periodic points. As part of our considerations, we also introduce a
new class of polynomials we call -special, which may be of independent
number theoretic interest.Comment: 23 page
Mihr u Vefâ masnavies in Turkish litterature and Mihr u Vefâ masnavi written by unknown author
No full textMihr ü Vefâ hikâyesinin kaynağı İran edebiyatıdır. Edebiyatımızda bilinen en eski Mihr ü Vefâ mesnevisi Ümmî İsâ tarafından yazılmıştır. Ümmî İsâ'dan bu yana yazılan Mihr ü Vefâ mesnevilerinin mensur biçimleri de bulunmaktadır.Çalışmamızın konusunu mensur Mihr ü Vefâ hikâyesi oluşturmaktadır. İnceleme ve tenkitli metin olarak iki bölümden oluşan tezimizin tenkitli metin kısmı iki nüsha karşılaştırılarak ortaya konmuştur. İnceleme kısmında ise hikâye modern yöntemlerle ele alınmıştır. Metnin görünen yapısı altındaki derin yapıya ulaşmak için farklı yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Yöntemlerin metnimize uygulanmasından önce, kullanılacak yöntemin esere uygunluğu gözden geçirilmiştir. Elimizdeki metnin hikâye olduğu göz önünde tutularak, araştırmamız sırasında anlatı biçimlerine uygun yöntemler seçilmiştir. Bu yöntemler içinde Mihr ü Vefâ hikâyesine en uygun olduğunu düşündüğümüz hikâye tekniği, biçimbilim ve arketipsel sembolizm yöntemleri ile eser incelenmiştir.Üç ayrı yöntem ile incelenen eserden elde edilenler sonuç bölümünde tartışılmıştır.The origin of Mihr u Vefa is from Persian Literature.The oldest Masnavi of Mihr u Vefa wasWritten By Ummi Isa. Since from Ummi Isa there are prose forms of Mihr u Vefa. The subject of our study consists of Mihr u Vefa Story. Our thesis consists of analysis and examining parts and the the examining part is presented by comparing the two copies.In the analysis part the story is discussed with the modern methods. Different methods are used to reach the deeper structure of the story which is beyond the appearance. Before applying the methods to our text, the suitability of the methods that will be applied to the text are checked. Considering that our text is story, the methods that are suitable for the narration forms are selected. Among these methods the most suitable story as we thought for the Mihr u Vefa Story, the morphology and archetypal symbolism are the methods which the story is analyzed.The results that are acquired with three diffrents method from the text is discussed in the conclusion part of the story
A translation of qoran which were written in the period of Old Anatolian Turkish
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türk Edebiyatı Bölümü, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ana Bilim Dalı, Yeni Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bilim DalıEski Anadolu Türkçesinde, kelime kelime karşılıkları verilerek satır arası tekniğiyle yazılmış çeviri eserler ve üzerinde çalıştığımız söz konusu eser bir yandan dilimizin söz varlığını ve kelime hazinesini ortaya koyarken bir yandan da Anadolu Türkçesinin XIV.- XV. yüzyıllarda Arapça karşısındaki gücünü ortaya koymaktadır. Bu tür eserlerin bir başka önemli özelliği de Türkiye Türkçesinin ses ve şekil bilgisi tarihine ışık tutmasıdır.İncelediğimiz metin Sivas Kongre ve Etnografya Müzesi E.Y. 84/176 numarada kayıtlı bir eserdir. Yazarı ve yazıldığı yer belli değildir.Eserin 245b-320a sayfaları arasında yaptığım çalışma, Y?suf suresinin 1. ayetinden başlayarak, Ra'd suresi, İbr?him suresi, Hicr suresi, Nahl suresi, İsr? suresi, Kehf suresi ve Meryem suresinin 98. ayetine kadar olan bölümünü içine almaktadır.Metnin önce çevirisini yaptık; çeviriyi gramer bakımından inceledik. Metnin çeviri yazısının karşısına, kelimelerin aslını bozmadan, Türkçe söz dizimi kurallarına göre cümleyi yeniden düzenledik. Yine bu kısmın altına küçük yazı karakterleriyle ayetlerin günümüz Türkçesiyle çevirisini ekledik.Metnimiz ?e/i? meselesinde, imla açısından kesinliğe kavuşmamıştır. Metin içinde i'li kullanımlar daha yaygındır. Aynı kelimenin hem t'li hem de d'li yazılışlarını görüyoruz. Eski Anadolu Türkçesinin imlası kalıplaşmış ekleri metnimizde bir iki istisna dışında bu geleneğin bir devamı olarak d ünsüzü ile yazılmıştır. Ayrılma hâli eki de çoğunlukla d ünsüzü ile gösterilmiştir.Metinde dini terimlerin çoğu Türkçe kelimelerle karşılanmıştır. Bu da Türkçenin Arapça ve Farsça kelimelere karşı ifade gücünün zenginliğini göstermesi açısından önemlidir.Bu çalışmada eserin, Eski Anadolu Türkçesini önceki dönem yazı dillerinden farklı kılan karakteristik özellikleri tespit edilmiştir.In Old Anatolian Turkısh, works which were by being given their Turkish meanings word by word and the work we studied on it not only bring out existence of the word and vocabulary but also show the power of Anatolian Turkish against Arabic in 14 and 15 centuries.Another important feature of this kind of works is that they enlighten the history of the study of Modern Turkish Sound and Word Formation.The text which I examined is a registered text in Sivas Congress and Etnografya Museum.(E.Y 84/176).Its author and place which were written is not clear.The study which I realized in 245b-320a begins with Yusuf sura of Koran and contains Rad, İbrahim, Hicr, Nahl, Isra, Kehf sura and also 98 verse of Meryem sura.Firstly, we translated the text and examined it in terms of grammar.Then we put in order sentences according to Turkish syntax without changing the meaning of the words to the opposite of translation of the text.After that, we added Modern Turkish translation with small script characters to the bottom of this section.Our text has not been clear in terms of spelling in the matter of e/i.The use of i is more prevalent in the text.Also, we observe both t and d spelling of the same word. Stereotyped infixes of Old Anatolian Turkish in terms of spelling has been written with d consonant as a continuation of this tradition except for some exceptions.Separation appendix has been generally showed with d consonant.A lot of religious terms in text has been written with Turkish words.This is important in terms of showing the power of statement of Turkish against Arabic and Persian words.In this study, the charecteristic features of Old Anatolian Turkish which distinguish it from written language used previous period of time have been identified
Comparison of Gamma Analyses with using Different Dosimetric Systems for Pre-Treatment Verification of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy
No full textPurpose: The evaluation of the agreement between calculated and measured dose plays an essential role in the quality assurance (QA) procedures of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). This study aimed to compare gamma analysis using Portal Dosimetry (PD), Epiqa, and 2D array detector for dose verification of radiotherapy treatment plans.
Materials and Methods: Five fields step-and-shoot IMRT plan was used to performed for 20 prostate IMRT patients using the dual-energy DHX linear accelerator (Varian Medical System, Palo Alto, CA, USA). The treatment plans were created using Varian DHX Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) version 15.1. All measurements were performed by aS500 EPID integrated into Varian DHX linear accelerator and 2D array detector. The dose distribution was evaluated with gamma area histograms (GAHs) generated using different γ criteria (1%/1 mm, 2%/2 mm 3%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm) for dose agreement and distance to agreement parameters. Statistical analyses were evaluated by using Mann Whitney Test and Kruskal-Wallis Test, and p-value of pThe presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Subclinical endometritis in cows: a bibliometric analysis
No full textBovine fertility remains a critical factor in the economic sustainability of livestock operations, with subclinical endometritis (SE) posing a significant challenge. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of SE research, aiming to elucidate research trends, influential scholars, and key concepts in the field. A total of 483 articles extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) database managed by Clarivate were analyzed using R Studio and the Bibliometrix package. The analysis reveals that SE research initiated in 1992 but experienced a substantial surge between 2014 and 2016. Theriogenology (n = 82) emerges as the most prolific journal in the field. Marc Drillich (n = 33) stands out as the most productive author, contributing significantly to the body of knowledge. The most frequently occurring keywords include 'cytological endometritis', 'dairy cattle', 'dairy cows', 'endometrial cytology', 'Holstein cows', 'postpartum dairy', 'postpartum uterine', 'repeat breeder', and 'reproductive performance', reflecting the core focus areas of SE research. A Thematic Map Analysis was conducted to visualize research activities and emerging trends. This analysis highlights the evolution of research themes over the examined period, providing insights into the shifting focus of SE studies. The temporal distribution of publications indicates a growing interest in SE, particularly in the last decade, suggesting its increasing recognition as a critical issue in bovine reproductive health. This study is the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis on SE in the veterinary field. By mapping the intellectual structure of SE research, it provides researchers and practitioners with a valuable overview of the current state of knowledge, identifies potential research gaps, and suggests directions for future investigations. Consequently, this analysis can contribute to facilitating studies on bovine SE by guiding researchers in their work
