1,720,958 research outputs found
Image 4. A in Status and conservation of crocodiles in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, eastern Nepal
No full textImage 4. A - Movement of the livestock along the shoreline; B - People came to collect the firewood; C - Human activities along the bank of the edge of the river; D - Low level of water in the Tetriganchital in summerPublished as part of Goit, Rajesh Kumar & Basnet, Khadga, 2011, Status and conservation of crocodiles in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, eastern Nepal, pp. 2001-2010 in Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (8) on page 2007, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2735.2001-10, http://zenodo.org/record/498694
Neuroprotective role of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone on ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain and retinal damage in type 1 diabetic mouse
No full textPersons with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of stroke compared with the general population. Because vision loss is frequently connected with stroke, it is essential to find a strategy that effectively preserves vision by protecting retina in addition to the brain. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a neuropeptide that has protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced organ damages. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective role of α-MSH on I/R-induced brain and retinal damages after experimental stroke associated with hyperglycemia using C57BL/6J Ins2Akita/+ mice. Experimental stroke was induced by blocking the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 2 h with reperfusion for 2 h and 22 h, respectively using the intraluminal method. Since the opening of ophthalmic artery is proximal to the origin of the MCA, blood supply to the retina was also blocked by the filament. Animals were treated intraperitoneally with or without α-MSH at 1 h after ischemia and 1 h after reperfusion. Significantly higher percent survival and lower neurological scores were recorded in animals injected with α-MSH. Similarly, neuron death, glial cells activation as well as oxidative and nitrosative stress were significantly decreased in the α-MSH-treated brains. Relative intensities of matrix metallopeptidases 9, cyclooxygenase 2 and nuclear factor-κB were significantly decreased while intensities of Akt, heme oxygenase (HO) 1, HO-2 and B-cell lymphoma 2 were significantly increased in α-MSH treated brain. In addition, gene expressions of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 1, MCT-2 and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein were significantly higher in brain samples treated with α-MSH, suggesting an involvement of lactate metabolism in α-MSH neuroprotective effects. In the retina, α-MSH significantly increased the amplitude of b-wave as well as oscillatory potentials in electroretinogram, a measure of retinal function. α-MSH also prevented I/R-induced histological alterations and inhibited the development of retinal swelling. Loss of retinal ganglion cells as well as oxidative stress were significantly attenuated in α-MSH-treated diabetic retina after I/R injury. Expression of interleukin 10 was significantly increased in the retina after α-MSH treatment. In addition, gene expression of MCT-1, MCT-2 and glutamate aspartate transporter 1 were significantly higher after α-MSH administration. In conclusion, α-MSH is neuroprotective under hyperglycemic condition against I/R-induced brain and retinal damage by its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties. These effects of α-MSH may have important therapeutic implication against cerebral and retinal I/R injury under hyperglycemic condition.published_or_final_versionOphthalmologyDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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