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Drought characterization and its effects in the production of corn culture into different regions of the state of Minas Gerais
No full textDados meteorológicos de precipitação e temperatura de 23 estações fornecidas pelo 5o Distrito do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), representativas de nove mesorregiões do Estado foram utilizados para a avaliação e teste do desempenho dos Índices de Precipitação Padronizada (SPI), do Índice de Palmer (PDSI) do Método dos Decis (MD) e do Índice de Porcentagem da Normal (IPN) na caracterização da seca nas diferentes regiões de Minas Gerais. Os resultados mostraram que os índices de SPI, MD e IPN apresentaram ao longo dos anos um comportamento similar enquanto que o PDSI se diferenciou dos demais em todas as regiões nos períodos analisados. Tais resultados são corroborados por outros trabalhos que mostraram semelhanças no comportamento dos índices SPI, MD e IPN em diferentes regiões do mundo (ROTONDO et al., 1999; KEYANTASH et al., 2002). A análise de correlação entre os índices PDSI, SPI, MD e IPN, para as diferentes mesorregiões do Estado, mostrou altas correlações, variando entre 0,80 e 0,89, entre os índices SPI, MD e IPN e baixas correlações entre o PDSI e os demais índices. Análises dos eventos de seca mostraram que o IPN, de acordo com a sua classificação original, foi o índice que identificou o maior número de eventos de seca em todas as mesorregiões, enquanto o PDSI, SPI e MD apresentaram valores de ocorrência de eventos de seca bem abaixo do IPN. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho indicaram que o MD, por diversas características, entre as quais a sua simplicidade é adequado ao monitoramento da seca agrícola no Estado. Análise da ocorrência histórica de eventos de secas no Estado no período de 1974 a 2003 mostrou que as mesorregiões Oeste de Minas Gerais e Central Mineira, seguidas pelas mesorregiões Campo das Vertentes e Vale do Rio Doce, apresentaram as maiores ocorrências de eventos de seca severa e extrema. Enquanto, que a Zona da Mata, Sul/Sudoeste de Minas e Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte apresentaram as menores ocorrências de eventos de secas (51, 45 e 48, eventos respectivamente). O Vale do Jequitinhonha e Triângulo/Alto Paranaíba apresentaram 77 e 53 eventos de seca, respectivamente no período considerado. Quanto à duração dos períodos de seca observaram-se períodos de seca entre um e seis meses, com intensidade entre secas severas e extremas em praticamente todo o Estado. A análise da seca nas décadas de 70, 80 e 90 revelou profundas diferenças nas ocorrências de secas no Estado. Na década de 70, prevaleceu uma situação de normalidade em todo o Estado, enquanto que na década de 80 observou-se uma anormalidade na faixa Noroeste e Sul, e nas demais regiões prevaleceram uma situação próxima da normal. Na década de 90, os resultados indicaram um agravamento das secas nas mesorregiões do Vale do Jequitinhonha, Vale do Rio Doce e Noroeste, enquanto que na Zona da Mata e a na região Central apresentaram valores próximos da normal. A análise do potencial de utilização do índice de seca como ferramenta para caracterizar a variação na produção da cultura do milho nas diferentes regiões do Estado mostrou que dada a baixa correlação encontrada entre os índices de seca e a variação na produção da cultura do milho de ano para ano, os mesmos não podem ser utilizados como instrumento único na explicação da produção da cultura.The meteorological data on precipitation and temperature of 23 stations given by the 5th- National District of Meteorology (INMET) and representing nine mesoregion of the State of Minas Gerais were used into the evaluation and the performance test of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Palmer Index from the Decis Method (MD) and the Normal Percentage Index (IPN) in the characterization of draught in different regions in the state of Minas Gerais. The results showed that the SPI, MD and IPN indexes have shown throughout the years a similar behavior, while the PDSI has been different from the others in all regions and analyzed periods. These results corroborated with other works that have shown similar behavior of the SPI, MD and IPN indexes in different regions of the world. (ROTONDO et al., 1999; KEYANTASH et al., 2002). The correlation analysis of the PDSI, SPI and IPN indexes in different mesoregions of the State has shown high correlation varying from 0,80 to 0,89 among the SPI, MD and IPN indexes and low correlation between PDSI and the other indexes. Drought events analysis have shown that the IPN, according to its original rate was the index that identified the greater number of drought events in all the mesoregions, while the PSDI, SPI and MD showed events values far less than that of the NPI. The results obtained in this work has shown that the MD, due to its many characteristics, among them its simplicity, is appropriate to the monitoring of the agricultural drought in the State. The analysis of the historical drought events in the State during the period from 1974 to 2003 showed that the West and Central Mineira mesoregions in Minas Gerais State, followed by the Campos das Vertentes and Vale do Rio Doce mesoregions showed the greater events of severe and extreme drought. While Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais South/ Southwest and Belo Horizonte Metropolitan regions showed the least drought events (51, 45 and 48 events respectively). Vale do Jequitinhonha and Triângulo/Alto Paranaíba showed 77 and 53 drought events respectively in the mentioned period. As for the drought periods duration, it was observed periods ranging from one to six months, with intensity between severe and extreme droughts in practically all the State. The drought analysis in the decades of 70, 80 and 90 has revealed deep differences in the drought events within the State. In the decade of 70, a normal situation has prevailed in the whole State, but during the decade of 80 it was observed an abnormality in the Norwest and South strips, while the rest of the regions kept a situation close to normality. In the decade of 90 the results indicated some drought aggravation in the Vale do Jequitinhonha, Vale do Rio Doce and Northeast mesoregions. As for Zona da Mata and the Central region, they presented values close to the normal ones. Analyzing the drought index usage potential as a tool to characterize the variation in the corn culture production in different regions of the State showed that, given the low correlation found between the drought indexes and the variation in the corn culture production from year to year, they cannot be used as a single tool in explaining the culture production.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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