1,721,001 research outputs found
Grapevine varieties show different sensitivities to flavonoid alterations caused by high temperatures under two irrigation conditions
No full text1 1 Pags.- 6 Fgs.- 3 Tabls. Data availability:Data will be made available on request. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license.This study aimed to assess the response of four red grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties to elevated temperature, drought and their combination, focusing on the concentration and profile of grape flavonoids. Fruit-bearing cuttings of Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Grenache grew in greenhouses under, either ambient temperature (T) or ambient temperature + 4 °C (T+4). Plants also received either full irrigation (FI, substrate field capacity) or deficit irrigation (DI, 50 % substrate field capacity). In general, T+4 decreased the concentration of anthocyanins, but DI mitigated this effect. T+4 and DI increased the abundance of methylated anthocyanins and flavonols with additive effects. Grapes under T+4 had higher abundance of acylated anthocyanins, while DI increased the proportion of tri-hydroxylated anthocyanins and flavonols. The impact of interacting elevated temperature and drought on grape composition was genotype dependent. In terms of anthocyanin concentration and profile, Tempranillo was the most affected variety, whereas Grenache was less sensitive.This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Gobierno de España (Project PID2020-118337RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033); Gobierno de Navarra (ANDIA Talent Senior 2021 grant).Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Elevated CO2 alleviates the exacerbation of evapotranspiration rates of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) under elevated temperature
No full text12 Pags.- 9 Figs.- 1 Tabl. Data Availability: Data will be made available on request. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.Climate change is increasing crop water consumption while reducing precipitations in most places where grapevines are grown. This study aimed to quantify whole-plant water consumption of grapevines under climate change factors to determine what are the biggest contributors to changes in evapotranspiration under climate change conditions. Two experiments were carried out: i) Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto 110 R grown in the temperature gradient greenhouses (TGG) exposed to elevated CO2 (700 µmol mol−1) and/or elevated temperature (+4 °C) and ii) Tempranillo vegetative cuttings grown in the controlled environment greenhouses (CEG) exposed to ambient CO2 and standard temperatures (i.e CA24°C) or elevated CO2 combined with elevated temperature (i.e CE28°C) under cyclic water deficit conditions. In the overall, the combination of elevated CO2 and elevated temperature did not increase pot evapotranspiration, and in the only case this happened, it was mediated by a greater leaf area per plant. There was an interaction in which CO2 compensated for the increase in evapotranspiration induced by elevated temperature. Plants under elevated CO2 and elevated temperature (CETE) had lower stomatal conductance which resulted in similar transpiration rates to plants under ambient CO2 and ambient temperature conditions (CATA) despites the 4 °C increase. Net assimilation was greater under elevated CO2, and thus, instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE). Pot evapotranspiration was correlated to parameters such as leaf area per plant, gas exchange transpiration rates, reference evapotranspiration and plant available water content in the substrate. Pot lysimeters are a good compromise to study whole-plant water consumption rates under controlled conditions. Climate change conditions will likely continue to threat the sustainability of crops due to water shortages, however, our results point out that the interaction between elevated temperature and CO2 should be considered. The sensitivity of plant responses to elevated CO2 could be exploited as a key trait for the adaptation of crops to climate change.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Gobierno de España; Ref. PID2020-118337RB-IOO/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), “ANDIA talento senior 2021” (Gobierno de Navarra), MRR Investigo program (Gobierno de Navarra) and Asociación de Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra (ADA) PhD grant.Peer reviewe
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Improve the Performance of Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon Facing Water Deficit under Current and Future Climatic Conditions
No full textClimate change (CC) threatens Mediterranean viticulture. Rhizospheric microorganisms may be crucial for the adaptation of plants to CC. Our objective was to assess whether the association of two grapevine varieties with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increases grapevine’s resilience to environmental conditions that combine elevated atmospheric CO2, increased air temperatures, and water deficit. Tempranillo (T) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) plants, grafted onto R110 rootstocks, either inoculated (+M) or not (−M) with AMF, were grown in temperature-gradient greenhouses under two environmental conditions: (i) current conditions (ca. 400 ppm air CO2 concentration plus ambient air temperature, CATA) and (ii) climate change conditions predicted by the year 2100 (700 ppm of CO2 plus ambient air temperature +4 °C, CETE). From veraison to maturity, for plants of each variety, inoculation treatment and environmental conditions were also subjected to two levels of water availability: full irrigation (WW) or drought cycles (D). Therefore, the number of treatments applied to each grapevine variety was eight, resulting from the combination of two inoculation treatments (+M and −M), two environmental conditions (CATA and CETE), and two water availabilities (WW and D). In both grapevine varieties, early drought decreased leaf conductance and transpiration under both CATA and CETE conditions and more markedly in +M plants. Photosynthesis did not decrease very much, so the instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) increased, especially in drought +M plants under CETE conditions. The increase in WUE coincided with a lower intercellular-to-atmospheric CO2 concentration ratio and reduced plant hydraulic conductance. In the long term, mycorrhization induced changes in the stomatal anatomy under water deficit and CETE conditions: density increased in T and decreased in CS, with smaller stomata in the latter. Although some responses were genotype-dependent, the interaction of the rootstock with AMF appeared to be a key factor in the acclimation of the grapevine to water deficit under both current and future CO2 and temperature conditions
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