1,721,083 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Etude du profil d'expression génique de tumeurs thyroïdiennes développées par différents modèles de souris transgéniques
No full textLes tumeurs thyroïdiennes représentent les tumeurs endocrines les plus fréquentes. Parmi ces tumeurs les adénomes autonomes sont des tumeurs bénignes se développant secondairement à l’activation constitutive de la voie de l’AMPc. Cette activation est secondaire à des mutations somatiques survenant à différents niveaux de la cascade de signalisation induite par l’activation du récepteur TSH. La pathologie thyroïdienne maligne est essentiellement représentée par les carcinomes papillaires de la thyroïde pour lesquelles de nombreuses modifications génétiques ont été décrites, les plus fréquentes étant les réarrangements impliquant la tyrosine kinase Ret. Différents modèles de souris transgéniques ont été développés et représentent d’excellents outils pour étudier in vivo l’expression génique secondaire aux mutations initiales. Nous avons choisis d’utiliser la technologie des microarrays pour analyser simultanément l’expression de milliers de gènes dans différents modèles de souris transgéniques développant des pathologies thyroïdiennes bénignes et malignes .Au cours de cette thèse de doctorat, nous avons déterminé à l’aide de microarrays le profil d’expression génique de souris exprimant à la surface des cellules thyroïdiennes de manière spécifique le récepteur A2a de l’adénosine, ce qui mène à l’activation constitutive de la voie de l’AMPc et au développement d’une hyperthyroïdie sévère associée à un énorme goitre. Cette étude nous a permis d’identifier des gènes dont le rôle potentiel dans le développement de tumeur bénigne était jusqu’à lors inconnu. Nous avons également comparé deux modèles murins développant des tumeurs malignes de la thyroïde. D’une part les souris exprimant le réarrangement Ret/PTC3, très commun dans les carcinomes papillaires de la thyroïdes issus de la première vague de cancer survenu après la catastrophe de Chernobyl, d’autre part les souris exprimant l’oncoprotéine E7 dérivée de l’HPV16 responsable du cancer du col de l’utérus. Les différences et les similarités entre ces deux lignées et différentes pathologie humaine ont été décrites.La PCR quantitative en temps réel a été utilisé pour confirmer et quantifier la différence d’expression des gènes d’intérêts entre les thyroïdes de souris contrôles de même souche et les thyroïdes issues de souris transgéniques. La PCR en temps réel permet de monitorer à l’aide d’un signal fluorescent émis lors de l’hydrolyse d’une sonde, la quantité d’amplicons produite dans la réaction. La courbe d’amplification se caractérise par une phase exponentielle, suivie par une phase non exponentielle se terminant par un plateau. Contrairement aux idées reçues, nous avons pu démontrer que le plateau était expliqué par la déplétion de la sonde hydrolysée par la Taq polymérase lors de la réaction d’amplification. Dès lors que l’hydrolyse de la sonde reflète quantitativement la synthèse d’amplicons, la fluorescence produite dans la phase exponentielle de la réaction reflète la concentration des amplicons produits. Nous avons donc, sur base de ces observations pu estimer la quantité d’ADN complémentaire engagé dans la réaction en se basant directement sur les données de fluorescence d’une seule courbe de PCR en temps réel sans passer par une courbe de calibration utilisant une quantité connue d’ADN complémentaire.Doctorat en Sciences médicalesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Histological analysis of limb defects induced in developing limb buds of NMRI mouse embryos after oral administration of 3-3-dimethyl-1-phenyltriazene (DMPT) to their mother on day 10 of gestation
No full textA single oral dose of DMPT was given to pregnant NMRI mice on day 10 of gestation and the subsequent histological changes were studied in serial sections of affected limb buds isolated from 13-, 12- and 11-day treated embryos. Differences in abnormal skeletal patterns observed between fore- and hindlimb buds as well as between embryos from different litters provided clear evidence that the teratogen hits preferentially undifferentiated preskeletal mesoderm just before blastema formation. Absence or severe reduction of skeletal rudiments characterizes selectively the girdle and stylopod of hindlimbs and the zeugopod and autopod in forelimbs. In embryos slightly more advanced at the time of drug administration, the defects shifted in the zeugopod and distal segment of the posterior limb and in the distal segment only of the anterior limbs. In all cases, defects in the two distal segments displayed a postaxial predominance. Extensive cell death detected in the undifferentiated mesoderm of the affected limb parts of 11-day embryos similarly exhibited a postaxial predominance with the maximal damage in the ZPA territory. Together with the regular genesis of a postaxial subectodermal bleb in that area, followed by local involution of the AER, this observation strongly suggests that the teratogenic injury might involve an early impairment of ZPA and AER properties. In addition, predictive signs of hyperphalangy of digit I and distal duplication of the IId to e could be correlated with a transient reactional hyperplasia restricted to the preaxial part of the AER.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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