2,270 research outputs found
Lack of phenotypic and evolutionary cross-resistance against parasitoids and pathogens in Drosophila melanogaster
No full textBackgroundWhen organisms are attacked by multiple natural enemies, the evolution of a resistance mechanism to one natural enemy will be influenced by the degree of cross-resistance to another natural enemy. Cross-resistance can be positive, when a resistance mechanism against one natural enemy also offers resistance to another; or negative, in the form of a trade-off, when an increase in resistance against one natural enemy results in a decrease in resistance against another. Using Drosophila melanogaster, an important model system for the evolution of invertebrate immunity, we test for the existence of cross-resistance against parasites and pathogens, at both a phenotypic and evolutionary level.MethodsWe used a field strain of D. melanogaster to test whether surviving parasitism by the parasitoid Asobara tabida has an effect on the resistance against Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic fungus; and whether infection with the microsporidian Tubulinosema kingi has an effect on the resistance against A. tabida. We used lines selected for increased resistance to A. tabida to test whether increased parasitoid resistance has an effect on resistance against B. bassiana and T. kingi. We used lines selected for increased tolerance against B. bassiana to test whether increased fungal resistance has an effect on resistance against A. tabida.Results/ConclusionsWe found no positive cross-resistance or trade-offs in the resistance to parasites and pathogens. This is an important finding, given the use of D. melanogaster as a model system for the evolution of invertebrate immunity. The lack of any cross-resistance to parasites and pathogens, at both the phenotypic and the evolutionary level, suggests that evolution of resistance against one class of natural enemies is largely independent of evolution of resistance against the other
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Observation of psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)Using 4.479 x 10(8) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we search for the decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi, where J = 0, 1, 2. The decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi are observed for the first time. The measured branching fractions are B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ)) = (11.7 +/- 2.5 +/- 1.0) x 10(-4), (8.6 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4), (6.9 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4) for J = 0, 1, 2, and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi) = (1.51 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.13)x10(-4), (3.73 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.25)x10(-3), (2.48 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.16)x10(-3) for J = 0, 1, 2, respectively. The ratios of the branching fractions B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ))/B(psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ)) and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi)/B(chi(cJ) -> gamma J/psi) are also reported. Also, the alpha values of helicity angular distributions of the e(+)e(-) pair are determined for psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(c1,2) and chi(c1,2) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
Asymptotic Stability of a Plane CJ Detonation Wave
No full text. We study the asymptotic stability of a plane CJ detonation wave under the assumption of small resolved heat release (SRHR). We prove that the solution exists globally and that the solution converges uniformly to a shifted CJ detonation wave as t!+ 1 for initial data which are small perturbations of the CJ detonation wave. The weighted energy method is used to overcome the difficulty arising from the sonic property at the end of the reaction. The SRHR model allows us to treat the non-monotone spike in the profile of the CJ detonation wave by the characteristic energy estimate. Key words. CJ detonation, shock wave, traveling wave, sonic point, asymptotic behavior, weighted energy estimate, characteristic energy estimate. AMS(MOS) subject classifications. 35L65, 35B40, 35B50, 76L05, 76J10. Acknowledgments. The author is grateful to Prof. T.-P. Liu for pointing out the reference of Matsumura and Nishihara to her. This work was partially supported by ONR N00014-92-J-1890. 1 Introduc..
Observation of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0)
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)By analyzing (448.1 +/- 2.9) x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the decays of chi(c)(J) -> 4K(S)(0) (J = 0, 1, 2) are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 26.5 sigma, 5.9 sigma and 11.4 sigma, respectively. The product branching fractions of psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ), chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0 )are presented, and the branching fractions of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0) decays are determined to be B-chi c0 -> 4KS0 = (5.76 +/- 0.34 +/- 0.38) x 10(-4), B-chi c1 -> 4KS0 = (0.35 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.03) x 10(-4) and B-chi c2 -> 4KS0( )= (1.14 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.08) x 10(-4), where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, respectively
"These signs forerun the death or fall of kings": renegotiating masculinities and centrality in Shakespeare's second tetralogy through adaptation, direction and performance (PhD Thesis): [Appendix 1.4] Fall of Kings (2018) - Rehearsal and Production Photographs
No full textThis item contains appendices content relating to the PhD thesis, "These signs forerun the death or fall of kings": renegotiating masculinities and centrality in Shakespeare's second tetralogy through adaptation, direction and performance, by doctoral candidate CJ Turner-McMullan.Fall of Kings is an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Richard II, exploring performed and embodied representations of masculinities, and how performance may subvert binary dichotomies and gendered power onstage. The production was photographed during rehearsals at Bath Spa University and performances at Burdall's Yard, Bath in March 2018.Adapted and directed by CJ Turner-McMullanFight Direction // Russell Eccleston and Tiffany RhodesLighting Design // Annabel EllisSound Design and Composition // Edward TerryPerformers // Toby Underwood, Russell Eccleston, Gabrielle Finnegan, Ross Scott, James Leyshon, Adam Lloyd-James, Mike Harley, Kian Keanu PollardReproduced with permission from CJ Turner-McMullan and Sam Chandler (photographers).All media is copyright restricted. No unauthorised use or distribution without consent of the author. Use of this repository acknowledges cooperation with its policies and relevant copyright law.</p
chi(cJ) polarizations at the Fermilab Tevatron
No full textWe propose the measurement of chi (cJ) polarizations at high energy hadron colliders to study heavy quarkonium production mechanism. We find that the color-singlet model in the k(t) factorization approach predicts very different behavior for chi (cJ) polarizations at the Fermilab Tevatron compared with the NRQCD predictions in the collinear parton model. In the color-singlet k(t) factorization approach, for both chi (c1) and chi (c2) productions, the helicity h = 0 states dominate over other helicity states at large p(T). These properties are very useful in distinguishing between the two production mechanisms which are related to the interesting issue of J psi and psi' polarizations, and may provide a crucial test for the k(t) factorization approach. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000167082100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)3ARTICLE1-299-10450
QCD radiative corrections to chi(cJ) production at hadron colliders
No full textTo clarify the outstanding problem in charmonium production that existing theories cannot explain the observed cross sections of chi(cJ)(J = 0, 1, 2) and ratio R-chi c = sigma(chi c2)/sigma(chi c1) approximate to 0.75(in contrast to the spin counting value 5/3) at the Tevatron, we study the complete next-to-leading order radiative corrections in nonrelativistic QCD, and find next-to-leading order contributions of P-3(J)vertical bar 1 vertical bar are more important than leading order at high p(T), and P-3(1)vertical bar 1 vertical bar decreases slower than P-3(2)vertical bar 1 vertical bar, implying a natural explanation for the R-chi c puzzle. By fitting R-chi c, the predicted cross sections of chi(cJ) are found to agree with data. The result indicates coloroctet contribution is crucially needed, thus providing a unique test for heavy quarkonium production mechanisms. Feed-down contributions of chi(cJ) to prompt J/psi production are estimated to be substantial, about 30%-40% at p(T) = 20 GeV. Production of chi(cJ)(J = 0, 1, 2) at the LHC is also predicted.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000291464100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)71ARTICLE11null8
Precise measurement of spin-averaged chi(cJ)(1P) mass using photon conversions in psi(2S)->gamma chi(cJ)
No full textBeijing Electron-Positron Collider. The chi(cJ)(1P) states (J = 0, 1, 2) are clearly observed, and their masses and the spin-averaged chi(cJ) mass are determined to be M-chi c0 = 3414: 21 +/- 0.39 +/- 0.27, M-chi c1 = 3510.30 +/- 0.14 +/- 0.16, M-chi c2 = 3555.70 +/- 0.59 +/- 0.39, and M(P-3(cog)) = 3524.85 +/- 0.32 +/- 0.30 MeV/c(2), respectively.Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)0ARTICLE9null7
Study of the processes ?cJ ? ? ? ? ¯ + and ?0 ? ¯ 0
No full textAbstract: Using 448.1 × 106?(3686) decays collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII e+e? storage rings, the branching fractions and angular distributions of the decays ?cJ? ??? ¯ + and ?0? ¯ 0 (J = 0, 1, 2) are measured based on a partial-reconstruction technique. The decays ?c1? ?0? ¯ 0 and ?c2? ?0? ¯ 0 are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 7? and 15?, respectively. The results of this analysis are in good agreement with previous measurements and have significantly improved precision. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s)
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