1,720,953 research outputs found
Toxina botulínica e bruxismo: controvérsias na atualidade (revisão narrativa)
No full textO bruxismo é uma patologia que consiste no apertamento e/ou ranger dos dentes que afeta o sistema estomatognático e de etiologia multifatorial, afetando crianças e adultos dos dois géneros. Epidemiologicamente, 60 a 70% da população já terá tido um episódio de bruxismo durante a vida, com uma prevalência em adultos que varia entre 8 e 31%. Esta patologia tem uma magnitude clínica considerável devido à sua associação com abrasões, mobilidade dentária, restaurações fraturadas, mialgias, artralgias, hipertrofia muscular e disfunções temporomandibulares. Atualmente, existem diversos tratamentos para o bruxismo, sendo a mais aplicada a utilização de goteiras oclusais. A utilização da toxina botulínica tem sido apresentada como uma proposta de tratamento do bruxismo, tendo a vantagem de não requerer a colaboração do paciente, podendo ser administrada mesmo com ausência de consciência, ou na presença de perturbações psiquiátricas. Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo analisar as controvérsias atuais no uso da toxina botulínica no tratamento do bruxismo. Para tal, foi efetuada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed, B-On e ScienceDirect com a seguinte combinação de termos de pesquisa: botox and bruxism, botox and bruxism treatment, botulinum toxin and bruxism. Foram definidos os seguintes critérios de inclusão: publicações escritas em português e inglês, com limite temporal dos últimos 15 anos (2009-2024), de modo a reunir informação pertinente sobre a utilização da toxina botulínica no tratamento do bruxismo. Foram excluídos os artigos que não estavam nas línguas escolhidas, duplicados, sem disponibilidade na íntegra ou que, após a leitura do resumo e do corpo de texto, não atendiam ao objetivo proposto. Desta forma, foram incluídos nesta revisão 58 artigos que se consideraram pertinentes. Verifica-se assim que, em relação ao protocolo de administração da toxina botulínica no bruxismo, existe uma clara disparidade entre autores relativamente ao local de injeção/punção, já que não existe um protocolo padronizado definido. Também em relação à dosagem existem controvérsias, pelo que há a necessidade de estudos que classifiquem e indiquem as doses de acordo com critérios pré-definidos, como por exemplo, dependendo da quantidade de contração rítmica ou mesmo episódios e frequência de bruxismo.Bruxism is a pathology that consists of clenching and/or grinding of the teeth that affects the stomatognathic system and has a multifactorial etiology, affecting children and adults of both genders. Epidemiologically, 60 to 70% of the population will have had an episode of bruxism during their lifetime, with a prevalence in adults ranging from 8 to 31%. This pathology has a considerable clinical magnitude due to its association with abrasions, tooth mobility, fractured restorations, myalgias, arthralgias, muscle hypertrophy, and temporomandibular disorders. Currently, there are several treatments for bruxism, the most commonly used being the use of occlusal splints. The use of botulinum toxin has been presented as a proposal for the treatment of bruxism, having the advantage of not requiring the patient's cooperation and being able to be administered even in the absence of consciousness or in the presence of psychiatric disorders. This literature review aims to analyze the current controversies in the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of bruxism. To this end, a literature search was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, B-On, and ScienceDirect with the following combination of search terms: botox and bruxism, botox and bruxism treatment, botulinum toxin and bruxism. The following inclusion criteria were defined: publications written in Portuguese and English, with a time limit of the last 15 years (2009-2024), in order to gather relevant information on the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of bruxism. Articles that were not in the chosen languages, duplicates, not available in full, or that, after reading the abstract and the body of the text, did not meet the proposed objective were excluded. Thus, 58 articles that were considered pertinent were included in this review. In relation to the protocol for the administration of botulinum toxin in bruxism, there is a clear disparity between authors regarding the injection/puncture site, since there is no standardized protocol defined. There are also controversies regarding dosage, so there is a need for studies that classify and indicate doses according to pre-defined criteria, such as, for example, depending on the amount of rhythmic contraction or even episodes and frequency of bruxism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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