1,720,954 research outputs found
Terry Pratchett: Transtekstualnost v seriji fantazijskih romanov Discworld
No full textThis master\u27s thesis analyses transtextuality—all relationships, either overt or concealed, between texts—within Terry Pratchett’s Discworld fantasy series. The series, consisting of over 40 novels, is known for its extensive web of references to literature, pop culture, mythology, religion, etc. These references are intricately integrated into Pratchett’s narratives through transtextual relationships, which form the central focus of this thesis. The thesis specifically examines the evolution of these relationships throughout the series, their role in constructing the unique fantasy universe of Discworld, and their impact on the reader’s experience. To address these questions, the author of this thesis conducts analyses of transtextual passages found in three Discworld novels, namely Wyrd Sisters, Carpe Jugulum, and Thud! The findings of these analyses reveal a progression in the complexity of the transtextual web underlying Pratchett’s novels. Furthermore, they demonstrate that transtextuality plays a vital role in character development and thematic depth, ultimately enhancing reader engagement and shaping readers’ experiences in various ways. In conclusion, transtextuality emerges as a crucial component of the Discworld series, serving not merely as a stylistic device but as one of the series’ foundational elements.Magistrsko delo analizira transtekstualnost, odnose med besedili, bodisi očitne ali skrite, znotraj serije fantazijskih romanov Discworld, ki jo je napisal angleški pisatelj Sir Terence David John Pratchett, bolj znan pod imenom Terry Pratchett. Serija, ki obsega več kot 40 romanov, je znana po svoji obsežni mreži literarnih, kulturnih, mitoloških, religioznih in drugih referenc. Vse našteto je pisatelj v svoje pripovedi vpeljal s pomočjo transtekstualnih odnosov, prav ti pa predstavljajo osrednji del raziskave te naloge. Nadaljnje naloga poskuša začrtati razvoj transtekstualnih elementov skozi serijo, opredeliti njihovo vlogo pri gradnji edinstvenega fantazijskega sveta, kot je Discworld, ter ugotoviti, kako transtekstualnost oblikuje bralno izkušnjo. Da bi odgovorila na vsa ta vprašanja, avtorica te naloge analizira nabor transtekstualnih odlomkov, najdenih v treh Discworld romanih, in sicer v »Wyrd Sisters«, »Carpe Jugulum« in »Thud!«. Ugotovitve analiz razkrivajo stopnjevanje v kompleksnosti transtekstualne mreže, ki se skriva pod površino Prachettovih romanov. Poleg tega dokazujejo tudi, da ima transtekstualnost ključno vlogo pri razvoju likov in razširitvi tematske globine, kar povečuje angažiranost bralcev in na različne načinov oblikuje njihovo bralno izkušnjo. Transtekstualnost je torej ključna komponenta serije fantazijskih romanov Discworld, in ne zgolj stilistična naprava
Linguistic Analysis of Facebook Comments on the Coronavirus Containment Measures in France and Slovenia
No full textMagistrsko delo na več nivojih analizira komentarje, preko katerih so se slovenski in francoski uporabniki družbenega omrežja Facebook odzvali na ukrepe za preprečevanje in obvladovanje okužb z virusom SARS-CoV-2 v času pandemije covida-19. Glavna cilja analize sta: (1) prepoznati jezikovne strukture, s katerimi so se omenjeni uporabniki Facebooka odzvali na (začasne) protikoronske ukrepe, ter (2) primerjati odzive na omenjene ukrepe na jezikoslovni ravni, da bi ugotovili, kako so se le-ti spremenili od prvega do drugega zaprtja obeh držav. Teoretični del obravnava teme, kot so računalniško-posredovano komunikacija, analiza diskurza, analiza razpoloženja (opinion mining) in predstavi jezikovne značilnosti francoščine ter slovenščine, ter tako razvije teoretični okvir, potreben za razumevanje jezikoslovne analize, ki je razkrila, da se odzivi Francozov in Slovencev v določenih pogledih razlikujejo, na drugih ravneh pa so si podobni. Rezultati analize mnenj so razkrili, da so uporabniki družbenega omrežja Facebooka v obeh državah večinoma negativno reagirali na protikoronske ukrepe. Glede uporabe parajezikovnih znakov (smeškov, GIF-ov) je jezikoslovna analiza razkrila, da se je njihova uporaba povečala med drugim zaprtjem. Rezultati skladenjske analize so pokazali, da je bila pripovedna poved najbolj uporabljen tip povedi v obeh jezikovnih skupinah. Na skladenjski ravni pa so se pojavile tudi razlike. Slovenski uporabniki so namreč podporo in nevtralnost večinoma izražali s pomočjo večstavčnih povedi, medtem ko so francoski uporabniki ta mnenja izrazili predvsem skozi enostavčne povedi. Pri komentarjih nestrinjanja je bila situacija obratna. Nazadnje, pragmatična analiza je pokazala, da so na začetku pandemije komentarji podpore v obeh državah pozdravljali uvedbo strogih ukrepov, med drugim zaprtjem pa so ti postali redkejši in bolj kritični. Podoben negativni obrat so rezultati razkrili tudi v nevtralni komentarjih, saj so ti med prvim zaprtjem iskali dodatne informacije, med drugim zaprtjem pa izražali dvome in zahtevali več transparentnosti s strani oblasti. Komentarji, ki so izražali nestrinjanje, so razkrili največje razlike. Ti komentarji so med drugim zaprtjem v Franciji prešli v posmeh in sarkazem, medtem ko so se v Sloveniji spremenili v neposredne grožnje in nasilne žalitve, izražajoč naraščajočo jezo in sovražnost. Rezultati magistrske naloge poglabljajo razumevanje dinamike spletnih interakcij v času krize ter poudarjajo kulturne razlike in podobnosti v odzivih na ukrepe zaprtja na družbenih omrežjih.This master\u27s thesis analyses, at multiple levels, the comments through which Slovenian and French users of the social media platform Facebook reacted to the (temporary) measures that were put into place to prevent and control infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. The two main objectives of this analysis are (1) to identifying the linguistic structures through which the aforementioned Facebook users responded to the COVID-19 prevention and control measures and (2) to compare the reactions to these measures on a linguistic level to determine how they evolved between the first and second lockdowns. The theoretical part touches on topic such as computer-mediated communication, discourse analysis, opinion mining, and the linguistic characteristics of French and Slovenian, in order to develop the theoretical framework necessary for a proper understanding of the linguistic analysis, which revealed that the reactions of French and Slovenian users differ in certain respects but are similar in others. The analysis of opinions notably revealed that Facebook users in both countries reacted mostly negatively to the lockdown measures. Regarding the use of paralinguistic signs (emoticons, GIFs), linguistic analysis showed an increase in their use during the second lockdown. The results of the syntactic analysis showed that declarative sentences were the most commonly used type of sentence in both linguistic groups. Differences also appeared at the syntactic level: Slovenian users mainly expressed their support and neutrality through complex sentences, while French users did so primarily through simple sentences. For comments of disagreement, the situation was reversed. Finally, the pragmatic analysis showed that at the beginning of the pandemic, comments expressing support in both countries welcomed the introduction of strict measures, but they became rarer and more critical during the second lockdown. Neutral comments sought additional information during the first lockdown but expressed more doubts and demanded greater transparency from the authorities during the second lockdown. Lastly, comments expressing disagreement revealed the greatest differences. In fact, in France, the criticisms shifted from opposing the measures to sarcasm and mockery, while in Slovenia, they turned into direct threats and violent insults, expressing growing anger and hostility. The results of this master\u27s thesis enhance the understanding of the dynamics of online interactions during a crisis and highlight significant cultural differences and similarities in how the French and Slovenian populations reacted to lockdown measures on social media
Jezikoslovna analiza Facebook komentarjev o protikoronskih ukrepih v Franciji in Sloveniji
No full textLe présent article analyse à plusieurs niveaux des commentaires par lesquels les utilisateurs slovènes et français du réseau social Facebook ont réagi aux mesures (temporaires) de prévention et de contrôle des infections par le virus SARS-CoV-2 pendant la pandémie de Covid-19. Les deux objectifs principaux de cette analyse sont : (1) l’identification des structures linguistiques par lesquelles les utilisateurs mentionnés ont réagi aux mesures de lutte contre le coronavirus et (2) la comparaison les réactions à ces mesures sur le plan linguistique afin de déterminer comment elles ont évolué entre le premier et le deuxième confinement. La partie théorique traite du discours électronique médié (DEM), de l\u27analyse du discours, de l\u27analyse des sentiments (opinion mining) et des caractéristiques linguistiques du français et du slovène, afin de développer le cadre théorique nécessaire à la bonne compréhension de l\u27analyse linguistique. Cette analyse a révélé que les réactions des Français et des Slovènes diffèrent à certains égards, mais sont similaires à d’autres. L\u27analyse des opinions a notamment révélé que les utilisateurs de Facebook dans les deux pays ont majoritairement réagi négativement aux mesures de confinement. En ce qui concerne l\u27utilisation des signes paralinguistiques (les binettes, les GIFs), l\u27analyse linguistique a montré une augmentation de leur utilisation pendant le deuxième confinement. Les résultats de l\u27analyse syntaxique ont montré que la phrase déclarative était le type de phrase le plus utilisé dans les deux groupes linguistiques. Des différences sont également apparues au niveau syntaxique : les utilisateurs slovènes exprimaient principalement leur soutien et leur neutralité à l\u27aide de phrases complexes, tandis que les utilisateurs français le faisaient surtout par des phrases simples. Pour les commentaires de désaccord, la situation était inversée. Enfin, l\u27analyse pragmatique a montré qu\u27au début de la pandémie, les commentaires de soutien dans les deux pays saluaient l\u27introduction de mesures strictes, mais qu\u27ils sont devenus plus rares et plus critiques pendant le deuxième confinement. Les commentaires neutres cherchaient des informations supplémentaires pendant le premier confinement, mais exprimaient des doutes et exigeaient plus de transparence de la part des autorités pendant le deuxième confinement. Les commentaires de désaccord ont révélé les plus grandes différences. En fait, en France, les critiques sont passées de la contestation des mesures au sarcasme et à la moquerie, tandis qu\u27en Slovénie, elles se sont transformées en menaces directes et en insultes violentes, exprimant une colère et une hostilité croissantes. Les résultats de ce mémoire de maîtrise enrichissent la compréhension de la dynamique des interactions en ligne en période de crise et soulignent les différences et similarités culturelles dans les réactions aux mesures de confinement sur les réseaux sociaux.This article analyses how Slovenian and French Facebook users reacted to the containment measures that were put into place during the COVID-19 pandemic. The two main objectives of this analysis are to identify the linguistic structures used by the Facebook users to respond to the COVID-19 measures, and to compare how these reactions evolved between the first and second lockdowns on a linguistic level. The theoretical framework covers computer-mediated communication, discourse analysis, opinion mining, and the linguistic characteristics of French and Slovenian. The analysis revealed that Facebook users in both countries generally reacted negatively to the lockdown measures. The use of paralinguistic signs (emoticons, GIFs) increased during the second lockdown. Syntactically, declarative sentences were the most commonly used type of sentence in both linguistic groups. Slovenian users, however, mainly expressed support and neutrality through complex sentences, while French users did so primarily through simple sentences. For comments of disagreement, the pattern was reversed. The pragmatic analysis showed that, early in the pandemic, most commentators welcomed strict measures, but this became rarer and the comments more critical by the second lockdown. Neutral comments shifted from seeking additional information to expressing doubt and demanding greater transparency. The biggest differences appeared in comments of disagreement: French criticism shifted to sarcasm and mockery, while in Slovenia they escalated into direct threats and violent insults. This master’s thesis enhances the understanding of the dynamics of online interactions during a crisis and highlights significant cultural differences and similarities in how the French and Slovenian populations reacted to the lockdown measures on social media.Članek analizira komentarje slovenskih in francoskih uporabnokov Facebooka glede ukrepov za preprečevanje in obvladovanje okužb z virusom SARS‑CoV-2 med pandemijo covida-19. Glavna cilja analize sta prepoznati jezikovne strukture, s katerimi so se uporabniki Facebooka odzvali na protikoronske ukrepe in primerjati odzive na omenjene ukrepe na jezikoslovni ravni, da bi ugotovili, kako so se spremenili od prvega do drugega zaprtja obeh držav. Teoretični del obravnava računalniško-posredovano komunikacijo, analizo diskurza, analizo razpoloženja (opinion mining) in predstavi jezikovne značilnosti francoščine in slovenščine. Rezultati analize mnenj kažejo, da je večina uporabnikov Facebooka v obeh državah negativno reagirala na protikoronske ukrepe, pri čemer se je uporaba parajezikovnih znakov (smeškov, GIF‑ov) povečala med drugim zaprtjem. Skladenjska analiza je pokazala, da je bila pripovedna poved najbolj uporabljen tip povedi v obeh jezikovnih skupinah, a da so slovenski uporabniki podporo in nevtralnost večinoma izražali s pomočjo večstavčnih povedi, medtem ko so francoski uporabniki ta mnenja izrazili predvsem skozi enostavčne povedi. Pri komentarjih nestrinjanja je bila situacija obratna. Pragmatična analiza je pokazala, da so bili komentarji podpore v obeh državah na začetku pandemije pogostejši, med drugim zaprtjem pa so postali redkejši in bolj kritični. Podoben negativni obrat je opaziti tudi v nevtralni komentarjih. Največje razlike so se pokazale v komentarjih nestrinjanja: ti so med drugim zaprtjem v Franciji prešli v posmeh, medtem ko so se v Sloveniji spremenili v neposredne grožnje in nasilne žalitve. Rezultati magistrske naloge poglabljajo razumevanje dinamike spletnih interakcij v času krize ter poudarjajo kulturne razlike in podobnosti v odzivih na ukrepe zaprtja na družbenih omrežjih
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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