1,720,986 research outputs found
Feeling for space or for time: Task-dependent modulation of the cortical representation of identical vibrotactile stimuli
No full textUsing functional MRI we examined the task-dependency of brain activation patterns evoked by vibrotactile stimulation. For this purpose, we measured activations after identical stimulation of the fingers of the right hand in three different task conditions: passive attention, localization of the vibrations, and discrimination of temporal noise within the vibrations. Further, we investigated whether, regardless of task demands, the characteristics of the vibrations - periodic versus noisy - had an effect on brain topography. Vibrotactile processing was associated with activation in a variety of cortical areas including contralateral primary somatosensory cortex (SI), bilateral posterior parietal cortex, parietal operculum (second somatosensory cortex, SII), insula, and superior temporal gyrus, as well as ipsilateral middle temporal gyrus, precentral, and middle frontal gyrus. However, identical stimuli evoked different brain activity patterns in different task conditions: significantly stronger activity in the hand representation of SI was found for stimulus localization than for noise detection. In contrast, significantly higher activation for noise detection than for finger localization was found in the thalamus. Activation tended to be lower for noisy stimuli in both hemispheres. Significant stimulus-related differences, however, could be found only in the contralateral postcentral and parietal cortex, particularly during noise discrimination. In summary, in response to vibrotactile stimulation, the level of activation in processing circuits ranging across thalamus and many cortical regions is dictated by the perceptual operation carried out on the vibration. We speculate that different nodes in the network carry signals that can be optimally decoded for either spatial or temporal information and that the degree of activation reflects those nodes' relative contributions to the decoding process. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Learning and adaptation in the human visual system
No full textNeural representations are continuously shaped by experience, and processes like learning and adaptation occur within various brain systems. The process of adapting to a prism-induced displacement of the visual world demonstrates the retention of neural plasticity within the adult visual and sensorimotor systems. The present work addressed specific factors of prism adaptation in humans using psychophysical methods. The first study was conducted to examine the completeness of the adaptation process during throwing or pointing movements. In the second study, the task-specificity of prism adaptation under different sensory feedback conditions was tested. A third study assessed spatial generalization of prism adaptation as a function of specific training conditions. The results are discussed with respect to the mechanisms the brain uses in order to rapidly adjust sensorimotor representations in response to altered environmental conditions
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
