1,720,968 research outputs found
Impact of institutional betrayal on the future time orientation of college students
Full text linkSubmission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2024-09-16 without embargo termsThe student, Stephanie Lai, accepted the attached license on 2024-04-22 at 17:05.The student, Stephanie Lai, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2024-04-22 at 17:13.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2024-04-29 at 13:16.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20508 on 2024-09-16 at 00:35:36Research has demonstrated that institutional betrayal can have significant negative consequences to student mental health and can lead to additional traumatizing events (Smith & Freyd, 2013). Traumatic experiences, in turn, have been shown to adversely affect a person’s future time orientation (Tomich & Tolich, 2019). The aim of the current study was to investigate how institutional betrayal influences the future time orientation of college students. In a self- reported cross-sectional survey study of 232 undergraduate and graduate students, over half of the participants (54.3%) reported experiences of institutional betrayal. Students who reported experiencing the greatest amount of institutional betrayal had significantly lower future time orientations compared to those with no experiences of institutional betrayal (p = 0.04). Additionally, gender was found to significantly moderate the relationship between institutional betrayal and future time orientation such that female students with institutional betrayal experiences were at greater risk of having a lower future outlook compared to male and non- binary students (p = 0.0425). These results highlight the need for universities to nurture institutional courage. The findings also have implications for educators and academic administrators who can play a pivotal role in preventing institutional betrayal, and therefore, positively impact future time orientation among college students
Working it out: Acute exercise to combat anxiety, depression, and improve psychological well-being in individuals living with PTSD
Full text linkWhile a relatively new area of study, current literature shows exercise interventions to be highly successful at reducing symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and comorbid psychological conditions (e.g., anxiety & depression). Purpose: Examine the acute effects of a bout of moderate intensity continuous aerobic exercise (MIA) and a bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), relative to a no-exercise sedentary control (SED), in participants with subsyndromal PTSD. Methods: Participants [N= 24, 15 females; age (M ± SD); 25.9 ± 9.2 yrs; Estimated VO2peak (M ± SD); 34.6 ± 10.2 ml·kg-1·min-1] completed each of three randomly ordered 35-min conditions (HIIE, MIA, SED), followed by a 40-minute recovery/monitoring period. Subsyndromal PTSD was defined as having at least one symptom in each of the major DSM-5 clusters for PTSD. Affect (Energy, Tiredness, Tension, Calmness), State Anxiety, and Depression were assessed before (Pre), immediate after (Post0), 20-minutes after (Post20), and 40-minutes after (Post40) each condition. Exercise enjoyment was assessed immediately after each condition (Post0), and in-task affective valence was assessed every 5-minutes during MIA and SED, and after each set of exercise and rest during HIIE. Results: Anxiety and Depression were significantly reduced following all conditions, with larger effects observed for both HIIE and MIA relative to SED (although not significant). Post exercise enjoyment was not different between HIIE and MIA, but both were enjoyed more relative to SED. While in-task affective valence was significantly less positive during HIIE relative to both MIA and SED, and affective valence was significantly less positive during MIA relative to SED, affective valence was not different between conditions at Post40. All participants experienced a significant increase in affective valence at Post40 relative to Pre. Energy was significantly increased Post HIIE and MIA, while Energy was significantly decreased post SED. Additionally, Tension was significantly decreased and Calmness significantly increased by 40 minutes Post all conditions. Conclusion: This study is the first to assess the acute changes in psychological outcomes to various modes of exercise in individuals living with subsyndromal PTSD. Overall, both exercise conditions were well tolerated and significantly reduced anxiety, depression, and tiredness, while also significantly increasing energy and affective valence. With emerging evidence on the effectiveness of HIIE, this study gives ample evidence to explore a longitudinal study on HIIE effects within a population living with PTSD.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2019-08-01The student, Daniel Greene, accepted the attached license on 2017-06-07 at 12:18.The student, Daniel Greene, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-06-07 at 12:33.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-06-07 at 16:23.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #11199 on 2017-09-29 at 10:45:41Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-29T17:45:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
GREENE-DISSERTATION-2017.pdf: 780764 bytes, checksum: 0057cd9fd2cffc28d208f173ef352bdd (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4210 bytes, checksum: 156833eac540d2c399023c8017cdf349 (MD5)
PROQUEST_LICENSE.txt: 4556 bytes, checksum: edea4eac8980dcac524dc2dee709c5eb (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2017-06-07Embargo set by: Colleen Fallaw for item 103443
Lift date: 2019-09-29T17:48:06Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 103443
Lift date: 2020-03-02T19:56:41Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 103443
Lift date: 2020-03-02T19:59:52Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 103443
Lift date: 2020-03-02T20:02:46Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 103443 on 2020-03-03T10:15:11Z
Acculturation and oral health in Mexican women
Full text linkSubmission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2022-04-06 without embargo termsThe student, Anupama Sharma, accepted the attached license on 2021-12-02 at 23:18.The student, Anupama Sharma, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-12-02 at 23:31.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-12-08 at 10:48.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17377 on 2022-04-06 at 17:10:56Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T21:34:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
SHARMA-THESIS-2021.pdf: 650578 bytes, checksum: f6af3d4e19bfe053ccd549da2480a857 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4211 bytes, checksum: 2f859f76f30bf3c9b551f45c425277ff (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2021-12-08Objective: Oral health disparities such as periodontitis and untreated tooth decay are more profound in the Mexican population. Research evidence suggests, acculturation positively affects oral health in Mexican men and children. Yet the effect of acculturation on the oral health of Mexican women remains unknown. The objective of this research is to examine the impact of acculturation on oral health (i.e., periodontitis and decayed teeth) among Mexican American and Mexican immigrant women.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from 2014-15, 2015-16, and 2017-18 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The sample included 1018 Hispanic women. We used crude and adjusted logistic regression models to examine the association among acculturation (measured by the length of stay in the United States, language spoken at home, and race) and oral health (measured by rates of periodontitis, decayed teeth, self-rated oral hygiene, and the date of last dental visit).
Results: The crude statistical model showed that Mexican women (Mexican immigrants and Mexican American) residing in the United States for more than 5 years had higher odds (B = 2.29 p <. 05) of decayed teeth and a lower likelihood of periodontitis than Mexican women residing in the United States for less than 5 years. Mexican American women have a lower likelihood (B = 0.99, p <. 05) of periodontitis and decayed teeth (B = 0.78, p <. 05) than Non-American Mexican women. Mexican American women self-rated their tooth and gum health 1.84 times poorer than non-Mexican American women. Mexican American women had 0.56 higher odds of utilizing dental services than Non-American Mexican women. Spanish-speaking Mexican women utilized dental services less (B = 0.46) than English-speaking Mexican women, and Mexican women who are residing in the U.S for more than 5 years utilize dental services more than Mexican women who are residing in the U.S for less than 5 years. Mexican American women (B = 1.56, p <. 05) had more frequent dental visits than Mexican non-American women.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a significant positive association between length of stay in the United States and decayed teeth and periodontitis among Mexican women. Future studies should examine the factors that contribute to better oral health among Mexican women residing in the United States
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
How perpetrator relationships and sexual assault characteristics affect survivor wellness outcomes
Full text linkSubmission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-12-01The student, Kathryn Rhoades, accepted the attached license on 2021-12-01 at 12:14.The student, Kathryn Rhoades, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-12-01 at 12:29.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-12-10 at 08:18.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #17264 on 2022-04-06 at 17:16:59Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T21:45:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
RHOADES-THESIS-2021.pdf: 467078 bytes, checksum: 40a9179e55b396fafacc6886367b4552 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4210 bytes, checksum: f49e59dd426579732d59dae802434dd8 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2021-12-10Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 123341
Lift date: 2024-04-29T21:46:25Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 123341
Lift date: 2024-04-29T21:47:53Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I OnlyPrevious research indicates that adverse wellness outcomes among sexual assault (SA) survivors may be linked SA context (e.g., relationship to perpetrator and sexual assault characteristics). However, previous studies examining SA context have produced mixed results regarding its impact on wellness, particularly when examining the effect of survivor-perpetrator relationships and perpetrator sex. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS), this study examined the effect of perpetrator relationships (former partner, current partner, stranger, relative, friend) and SA characteristics (SA type, survivor sex, perpetrator sex) on general health (GH), mental health (MH), physical health (PH), health-related quality of life (HRQL), and missed days of work (MDW) among sexual assault survivors (N =1,477). A path analysis revealed several direct and indirect pathways. More severe SA was directly and indirectly associated with worse GH, MH, PH, and MDW. Male perpetrator sex resulted in worse MH and PH (direct effect) and worse HRQL (indirect effect) while female perpetrator sex was directly associated with worse HRQL. Being a male survivor was indirectly associated with worse HRQL and MDW. Results of this study suggest that survivor-perpetrator relationships and SA characteristics matter for understanding survivor’s wellness. Future studies and interventions that acknowledge SA context may be useful for bolstering survivor recovery and effective treatment planning
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
