1,721,159 research outputs found
Transcranial alternating current stimulation applied to language recovery in persons with aphasia: a scoping review
No full textBackground: Aphasia leads to alterations in functional brain connectivity and abnormal patterns of neural oscillations. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive technique that entrains brain oscillations at a given frequency. A growing body of evidence suggests that tACS can be effective in neurological disorders. Aims: This review was originally aimed at assessing the impact of tACS on language recovery in persons with aphasia (PWA). Because of the paucity of studies focusing on this issue, the survey was extended to also include its application to healthy individuals (HI). Methods & Procedures: A first search of studies focusing on the application of tACS on PWA was conducted. A second search concerned the effect of tACS on language processing in HI. Results: Of the 236 screened studies (23 for the first search, 213 for the second one) seven were eligible for the review. Three studies applied tACS to improve the treatment of aphasia and four administered tACS to study language function in HI. Conclusions: Although only few studies have investigated the application of tACS as an adjunct to speech and language therapy in PWA, the preliminary results are promising. Moreover, to date, little evidence is available on the investigation of how language processing is affected by tACS. Despite this, commonalities and critical issues in current knowledge are discussed, along with suggestions for future studies
Advances in Neuropsychology and Speech and Language Pathology in Patients with Stroke
No full textStroke is the second main cause of death and adult disability worldwide . Aphasia is one of its most invalidating consequences. This chapter will first provide an overview of the processes that underlie functional and structural recovery of language after stroke. Secondly, it will focus on recent developments in aphasia rehabilitation research spanning from traditional behavioral approaches, a prerogative of Speech and Language Therapists, to innovative treatments (i.e., the use of neuromodulation techniques, telerehabilitation, virtual reality, and pharmacology) requiring multidisciplinary interventions taking advantage also from recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI). For each rehabilitative approach, current knowledge and possible implementations will be outlined. Finally, considerations on the importance of individual differences will stimulate critical thinking about research methods adopted in cognitive neuroscience so far. This leads to the conclusion that person-specific characteristics are becoming crucial for accurately identifying language difficulties and designing effective treatment protocols
Advances in Neuropsychology and Speech and Language Pathology in Patients with Stroke
No full textStroke is the second main cause of death and adult disability worldwide . Aphasia is one of its most invalidating consequences. This chapter will first provide an overview of the processes that underlie functional and structural recovery of language after stroke. Secondly, it will focus on recent developments in aphasia rehabilitation research spanning from traditional behavioral approaches, a prerogative of Speech and Language Therapists, to innovative treatments (i.e., the use of neuromodulation techniques, telerehabilitation, virtual reality, and pharmacology) requiring multidisciplinary interventions taking advantage also from recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI). For each rehabilitative approach, current knowledge and possible implementations will be outlined. Finally, considerations on the importance of individual differences will stimulate critical thinking about research methods adopted in cognitive neuroscience so far. This leads to the conclusion that person-specific characteristics are becoming crucial for accurately identifying language difficulties and designing effective treatment protocols
Reti neurali artificiali per la valutazione di opzioni
No full textIn questo lavoro si considera un particolare strumento quantitativo non lineare e non parametrico, le cosiddette reti neurali artificiali, applicato alla valutazione di opzioni finanziarie. Inizialmente si procede alla presentazione di un particolare tipo di rete neurale artificiale, il multilayer perceptron ad apprendimento supervisionato, evidenziandone le caratteristiche fondamentali. Successivamente, dopo aver brevemente riassunto alcuni approcci seguiti da altri autori, si applica lo strumento presentato alla valutazione di una particolare categoria di strumenti derivati: le opzioni finanziarie call di tipo europeo scritte sull'indice azionario inglese FTSE-100. Infine, si evidenziano vantaggi e limiti della modellistica proposta
Option Pricing via Regime Switching Models and MultiLayer Perceptrons: a Comparative Approach
No full text(Journal cited in: MathSciNet, n. MR2031665)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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