1,720,968 research outputs found
A highly porous type II collagen containing scaffold for the treatment of cartilage defects enhances MSC chondrogenesis and early cartilaginous matrix deposition
No full textA major challenge in cartilage tissue engineering (TE) is the development of instructive and biomimetic scaffolds capable of driving effective mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) chondrogenic differentiation and robust de novo matrix formation. Type I collagen-based scaffolds are one of the most commonly selected materials given collagen's intrinsic ability to act as an instructive and active biomaterial. However, the chondrogenic potential of these scaffolds does not offer significant improvement over traditional treatments. We propose that taking a biomimetic approach to scaffold development might lead to an improved outcome for enhanced cartilage repair. Therefore, this study aimed to develop innovative type II collagen (CII)-containing scaffolds for enhanced cartilage repair, by incorporating CII and/or hyaluronic acid (HyA) into a type I collagen (CI) framework. Moreover, focus was placed on understanding the potential synergistic effects played by CII in combination with HyA, in terms of MSC chondrogenesis and cartilage-like formation, when both molecules are incorporated into scaffold biomaterials. The newly developed CII-containing scaffold exhibited a highly porous interconnected structure with 99% porosity and similar mechanical properties to previously optimised collagen-based scaffolds. Although all scaffold variants sustained early cartilaginous matrix deposition, the CII-containing scaffolds in the presence of HyA performed best, offering enhanced deposition and distribution of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) in vitro by day 28. Taken together, the combination of CII and HyA resulted in the development of a biomimetic scaffold with improved chondrogenic benefits. These simple "off-the-shelf"implants hold great promise to direct enhanced tissue regeneration for the treatment of focal cartilage defects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
An Innovative miR‐Activated Scaffold for the Delivery of a miR‐221 Inhibitor to Enhance Cartilage Defect Repair
Get PDFThe development of treatments to restore damaged cartilage that can provide functional recovery with minimal risk of revision surgery remains an unmet clinical need. Gene therapy shows increased promise as an innovative solution for enhanced tissue repair. Within this study a novel microRNA (miR)-activated scaffold is developed for enhanced mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) chondrogenesis and cartilage repair through the delivery of an inhibitor to microRNA-221 (miR-221), which is known to have a negative effect of chondrogenesis. To fabricate the miR-activated scaffolds, composite type II collagen-containing scaffolds designed specifically for cartilage repair are first manufactured by lyophilization and then functionalized with glycosaminoglycan-binding enhanced transduction (GET) system nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating the miR-221 inhibitor. Subsequently, scaffolds are cultured with human-derived MSCs in vitro under chondrogenic conditions for 28 days. The miR-activated scaffolds successfully transfect human MSCs with the miR-221 cargo in a sustained and controlled manner up to 28 days. The silencing of miR-221 in human MSCs using the miR-activated scaffold promotes an improved and more robust cell-mediated chondrogenic response with repressed early-stage events related to MSC hypertrophy. Taken together, this innovative miR-activated scaffold for the delivery of a miR-221 inhibitor demonstrates capability to improve chondrogenesis with promise to enhance cartilage defect repair
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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